人教出版七年级英语复习资料.doc

,. 2016年中考英语复习资料 七年级英语（上） Starter units 1-3 一．短语及句型 1. Good morning /afternoon /evening. 答语： 2. How are you? 答语： 3. -What’s this /that in English? -It’s _________(map). /It’s ___________(orange). 4. -Spell it, please. - _________(map). 同义句：_____________________________? 拓展：-Can you spell it, please? -_____________________(map). 5.-What’t this /that? –It’s______(字母v). 6.-What color is it? –It’s________(black). 7. 五个元音字母是：______ ______ ______ ______ ______ 二．语法：冠词的用法 冠词是置于名词之前，说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。分不定冠词，定冠词和零冠词。 1.不定冠词（a /an ） a用于读音（第一个音素）是辅音的单词或字母(b,c,d,g,j,k,p,q,t,u,v,w,y,z)前，如 ____ map desk pen book sofa.... There is ____ “b” in the word “book”. an用于读音（第一个音素）是元音的单词或字母(a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x)前，如 ____ orange eraser aunt uncle egg apple hour English book ID card There is ____ “s” in the word “spell”. 2.定冠词the 1）指双方都知道的人或物 Who is ______ girl ? ______ pen is hers. 2) 指第二次出现的人或物 I have a pen. _____ pen is red. That is a ruler. _____ ruler is Mary’s. 3.零冠词：即不使用冠词。一般来说，在复数可数名词，不可数名词或专有名词前不使用冠词。如：Hamburgers are not healthy. My friend is in China. Unit 1 My name’s Gina. 一． 语法：含有be动词的一般现在时句型 a. 肯定句：主语+be(am/is/are)+其他. 例如： b. 否定句：主语+be(am/is/are)+not+其他. c. 一般疑问句：Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+其他 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be(am/is/are). 否定回答：No, 主语+be(am/is/are)+not. d. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ 二． 短语及句型 1.My name is Gina.(划线提问) （同义句： ） _______ ______ _______ name ? 2.His name’s Eric. （划线提问） （同义句： ） _________ ________name? 3. Her name’s Mary. （划线提问） （同义句： ） _________ ______ ________name? 4.I am Helen. （改为一般疑问句并作肯否回答） _______ _______ __________? ________, _____ ______.／_______ ,______ _______. 5.My brother is great. (同上) ______ ________ _______ great? ________,_____ ______./ ________,______ ________. 6.Nice to meet you.. (答语： ) 7.几个缩写 what’s= name’s= I’m= he’s= she’s= 8.What’s your/his/her/one’s telephone number? _______ 281-9176. 或：______ __________ __________ ______ 281-9176. 9.What’s your first name? _____________________. What’s your last/family name? _______________________. Unit2 This is my sister. 一． 短语及句型 1. This is my brother.(变复数) ________ _______ ______ _________. 2. Those are oranges.(变单数) ________ ______ _____ _________. 3. He’s my brother.(划线提问) ______ _____? 4. They’re my grandparents.(同上) _______ _______ ________? 5. These are my parents.(变一般疑问句并作肯否回答) ______ _______ ________ parents? Yes,______ ______./NO,_______ ______. 6. Have a good day!（同义句） _____ ____ ______ ______! 或 ________ ______! 7.我的一张家庭照 _____________________ 我的狗的名字______________________ 8.Here be +主语+其他 指“这儿有” be的单复数由主语决定 Here ______ two nice photos of my family. 9.几个缩写：that’s= who’s= who’re= they’re= this is（不能缩写） 二． 语法：（一）名词 指人或事物的名称，分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词指个别人，事物，地点等专有的名称，如：Gina , China (首字母要大写)。 普通名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1.不可数名词一般没有复数形式，也不能与a/an 或数词连用，但可用some ,much,lots of等修饰 如：milk, bread ,rice,homework,water,money ,food,fruit,salad,chicken,ice-cream 2.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。单数名词由a/an/one/the等修饰（如an apple） 复数名词由大于1的数词或some,many,lots of等修饰（如two apples） 名词变复数的规则如下： (1)+s book __ map__ eraser__ key__ boy__ ruler__ bed__ bag__ (2)辅+y结尾，改y为i+es dictionary family library strawberry party (3)以s,x,ch,sh结尾+es class___ box___ watch___ (4)以o结尾 1）无生命+s photo__ radio__ 2)有生命+es tomato___ potato___ hero___ Negro___ 注：少数名词的复数形式是不规则的，如：man-men woman-women child-children sheep-sheep Chinese-Chinese等。 （二） 名词所有格 表所属关系“的” 1.of所有格适用于有生命和无生命的名词 the name of the dog/girl/city...... the color of the bag/car...... a photo of my family a map of China 2.’s所有格适用于有生命的名词 a.单数名词+’s 构成所有格 如________ (Mike) schoolbag your_______(father)birthday b.不以s结尾的复数名词+’s构成所有格 如 ____________(child) Day _____________(woman) Day c.以s结尾的复数名词+’构成所有格 如 ____________(teacher) Day in your _______________（爷爷奶奶的）room 3.of格与’s格的转换 the name of the dog = the ______ name the room of my parents=my _________ room Unit3 Is this your pencil? 一． 短语及句型 1.This is my pencil.(改一般疑问句并作肯否回答) _____ ______ _______ pencil? _____ , ____ ____. / _____, ____ _____. 2.These are my books. (同上) ______ ______ ______ books? ______,______ ______. / ______,______ _______. 3.-Are these your pencils? –No,they’re _______ (Bob). 4.-Is this his green pen? -No, it isn’t. The blue pen is _______ (his). 5.What/How about + sth.(名词，代词) / doing sth. 怎么样？ 1) I like hamburgers for dinner. What about _______ (your)? 2) Let’s play basketball.(同义句) How about ________ _________ ? 6.Thank you / Thanks for + sth. / doing sth. 谢谢（你） 1)Thank you for your help.（同义句）_________ for your help. 2) ______ _____ ______ ______ _____ （谢谢你帮我） find my pen. 7.Thank you. / Thanks.（答语） _______ ___________. / ________ ________. / ________ ________ ________. 8.excuse me “ 劳驾；打扰了” 常用于询问，求助或请求之前 ________ ______,Grace.Is this your pencil? 9.ask sb. for sth. 向请求 Is this computer game yours? _______ the teachter _______ it. 10.call sb. 给打电话 ； call+ 号码 拨打（号码） ； call sb. at+号码 拨打（号）找某人 My mother is at home. You can _______ _______ ______ 685-6034. 11.e-mail sb. at （往邮箱）给某人发邮件 12.must 情态动词“一定，必须”，后接动词原形,类似用法有can+动原“能，会” 1) I lost my school ID card . I________ ________(find) it . 2)- _______ I_______ you? –Yes, please. I want to buy a sweater for my daughter. 13. a set of keys 一串钥匙 Here ______ a set of keys. 14.几个缩写 ：it is = is not = are not = 15.读懂并会写失物招领启事和寻物启事 二． 语法：代词的用法 单数 复数 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他们 人称代词主格 人称代词宾格 形容词性物代 名词性物代 用法口诀：谓语前主格，动介后宾格，名前用形容，无名则用名。 1._______(us) have a soccer ball. _______(her) has a basketball. 2.Let______(our) play volleyball. Let’s play with _______(he). 3.______(I) schoolbag isn’t here. ________(I) is at home. 4.-Is this ________(your)? –No, it isn’t. It’s________(her). 5._______(she) pencils are black, but _______(he) are white. 指示代词：表“这个 this”，“那个that”，“这些these”，“那些those”等指示概念的代词。 1) 用于介绍人或物 _____ /_____is my sister. _______/_______ are my parents. 2) 用于电话语言 Hello, ______ is Mary. 我是 Is _______ Ann? 你是吗？ Who’s _______? 你是谁？ 3) this/that 的问句回答用it，these/those的问句回答用they -What’s this/that? –It is... -What are these/those? –They are... Unit4 Where’s my schoolbag? 一． 短语及句型 1. My pencil box is in my schoolbag. （变否定，一般疑问及肯否回答，划线提问） My pencil box _____ in my schoolbag. _____ ______ pencil box in _______ schoolbag? ______,_____ ______. / _______,______ _______. _______ _______ _______ pencil box? 2. The keys are on the sofa .（同上） The keys _______ on the sofa. ______ the keys on the sofa? Yes,______ _______. / No,_______ _______. _______ _______ the keys? 3 .快点，加油 ______________ 录音机 ________________ 飞机模型_________________ here and there _______________ 3. 本书主要介词短语 about: what /how about think about after: after class/school after breakfast/lunch/dinner at: at school/home at three(o’clock) e- mail me at... call me at... at good prices at a good price for: thank you for your help thanks for for boys/girls for breakfast/lunch/dinner ask the teacher for it for two hours from: from 12:00 to 1:00 in: in the schoolbag in your grandparents’room in purple in the first photo in January in my family in China in the morning/afternoon/evening in English in the school library of: a photo of my family the name of my dog on: on the table on your head on September fifth on the 12th on November 3rd watch...on TV on Sunday/ under: under the desk under your bed with: play with our friends Unit5 Do you have a soccer ball? 一． 语法：含有实义动词do的一般现在时句型 a. 肯定句：主语+实义动词+其他.（主语为第三人称单数时，动词也用第三人称单数形式，其余人称一律用动词原形）。 b. 否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他. c. 一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes,主语+do/does. 否定回答：No,主语+don’t/doesn’t. d. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词变单三有下列几种变化形式： 1. 一般动词+s like__ help__ play__ get__ come__ want__ eat__ 2. 以s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词+es watch__ finish__ teach__ fix__ guess__ 3. 辅+y结尾的动词，变y为i，再+es study________ 4. 不规则的：have______ go______ do_______ 二．短语及句型 1. I have a soccer ball. (变否定，一般疑问句及肯否回答，划线提问) I _______ _________ a soccer ball. _______ _______ ________ a soccer ball? Yes, ____ ______./ No, ____ _______. ________ ______ you ________? 2. Frank has a basketball. (同上 ) Frank _______ ________ a basketball. _______ Frank ________ a basketball? Yes, _____ ______./ No, ____ _______. ________ ______ Frank ________? 3. let sb. do sth. 让某人干某事 让他们走吧！ _______ _________ ______! 让我去取它吧。______ ______ ______ ______. 让我们打篮球吧。那听起来不错。 -_______ ________ ___________. -________ __________ __________. 4. the same “ 相同的 ”，后常接单数名词。 翻译：我们上相同的学校，在同一个班。 We _____ _____ ______ ______ ________and we _____ _____ _____ ______ _______. 5.watch sth. on TV 在电视上看 I love sports, but I don’t play them – I only _______ ______ _____ ______! 6.play/do sports 做运动 play +运动类名词(basketball,volleyball,baseball,tennis,soccer,ping-pong...)指做某项运动，后可加with sb. 指跟某人一起做某项运动 play + the +乐器类名词(piano,violon....) 指演奏某种乐器 如： He _______ __________ ______ ______ ________(跟他朋友打篮球) after school . She can _______ _______ _______ (弹钢琴). 7.助动词 do,does及其否定don’t,doesn’t有时可以代替实义动词的动作，如： I don’t have a soccer ball, but my brother Alan does. I like apples, but my sister __________. Gina doesn’t play sports, but I _______. 8.easy“容易的” 与 difficult “困难的” 是一对反义形容词，形容词常用在be动词或系动词(sound,look)之后，构成系表结构，或用在名词之前作定语，修饰该名词。类似的形容词 还有nice,good,interesting,relaxing,boring... 如： -Let’s play soccer. –That sounds ______________. I don’t like playing baseball. It’s ____________ for me (to play baseball). This is an ____________ book. I like it very much.. The sweater ________ ________（看起来漂亮）. Unit6 Do you like bananas? 一． 短语及句型 1. I like that yellow jacket. (变否定，一般疑问及肯否回答，划线提问) I ______ _______ that yellow jacket. _______ _______ _______ that yellow jacket? Yes, _____ _______. / No, ______ ________. ________ _______ you like? 2. David likes the model plane.(同上) David _______ _______ the model plane. _______ David _______ the model plane? Yes, ______ _______. / No, ______ _______. ________ _______ David ________? 3. think about “思考，考虑”（动介结构） John’s birthday dinner is next week. Let’s ________ ________ the food. 4. sports star 运动明星 5. well (1) 作感叹词，意为“好，嗯”，常放在句首表强调或停顿。 (2) 作副词，意为“好，对，令人满意地”，修饰动词。如： Sports star eats well. He _________ __________ _________ _________(篮球打得很好). (3)作形容词，意为“（身体）好的，健康的”。 -How is your father? –He is fine /______. 6. ask sb. about sth.问某人关于某事 David _______ the volleyball star,Cindy Smith, ________ her eating habits. 7.eating habits 饮食习惯 The boy likes hamburgers. He doesn’t have _____ ______ _______ ________(好的饮食习惯). 8.breakfast,lunch,dinner早餐/午餐/晚餐（正餐） （1） have breakfast /lunch /dinner 表“吃早（中、晚）餐”，此短语中不能加the或a .但可以说 have a big /small breakfast / lunch /dinner . （2） “have/like /eat+食物+ for breakfast /lunch/dinner”表示早（中、晚）餐吃 如： He ________ __________ (吃早餐) at 7:00 every morning . I like bread and milk for breakfast.(划线提问) _______ _____ ______ like for breakfast? 9.healthy 形容词 “健康的”，其名词形式为health；其反义词为unhealthy. Her grandfather is 80, but he is in good health / ____________. Hamburgers are _____________. I don’t like them . 10.want 动词，“想要，需要” (1) want sth. 想要什么 (2) want to do sth. 想要做什么 (3) want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做什么 He _________ _____ _______ (想要一辆自行车). He _________ _____ ________ _____ ______(想要买一辆自行车). He ________ ______ _________ _____ _______ ____ _______ (想要父亲买一辆自行车). I like ice-cream, but I don’t eat _____. I ______ ______ ____ ____ _____(不想变胖). Unit7 How much are these socks? 一． 语法：基数词的构成及用法 1. 含义：基数词表示数目的多少。如：one,two,three,thirteen,twenty等。 2. 构成及记忆规则：（1）0-12单独记： （2）13-19是以“个位数+teen”构成： 13,15,18特殊记： （3）20-90整十位数的基数词由相应的个位数字后加-ty构成： 20,30,40,50,80特殊记： （4）21-29的两位数的表达是整十位数加个位数，中间加上连字符“-”，如：21,42，78分别是： （5）100可以写成 a hundred或 one hundred 200 ______ __________ 3. 用法：（1）表示年龄，基数词放在years old之前。 He is________(12) years old. (2)表示人或物的数量，放在名词之前。There are ________ days of a week. (3)表示顺序，编号，放在名词之后。 I am in Class _______,Grade _______. (4)用来计算（基数词作主语当单数）。 _______ and _______ is _________(2+6=8). 二．短语及句型 1.trousers,shorts,shoes,socks等词通常以复数形式出现，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但当它们和a pair of连用作主语时，谓语动词根据pair的数来变化。 These shoes _______ 25 dollars. This pair of shoes ______ small. 3. how much (1) 用来询问物品的价格，意为“多少钱”，常用句型： -How much + is /are +主语？（问） -It’s /They’re +钱数.（答） 同义句：What’s the price of +主语？（问） The price of+主语 / It+is+钱数.（答） Eg: -How much _____ the green sweater? - ______ 80 yuan. 同义句：-_______ ______ _______ _____ the green sweater? -______ ______ ______ the green sweater _____ 80 yuan. Eg: -How much _____ these black trousers? -______ 30 dollars. 同义句：-______ ______ ______ _____ these black trousers? -______ ______ ______ these black trousers _____ 30 dollars. (2) how much 还可用来询问不可数名词的数量。用“how much+不可数名词”表多少 而用“how many+可数名词复数”来询问可数名词的数量。如： ________ ________ milk do you want? ________ ________ apples do you need? 4. 购物用语： (1) –Can /May I help you? –Yes, please. I need /want ...... / No, thanks. 同义句：-What can I do for you? - I want...... (2) How much is /are......? (3) How /What about......? (4) I’ll take it /them . (5) –I’ll take two pairs. –Here you are. (6) -Thank you. -You’re welcome. 5. need 动词“需要” (1) need sth. 需要某物 (2) need to do sth. 需要干某事 He _________ _____ _________（需要一件毛衣）for school. The woman _______ ______ _______ _____ ______（需要买一顶帽子） for her daughter. 6. 完成句子，每空一词。 (1) Come and buy your clothes _____ _______ _______ _______(我们大减价). (2) We sell all our clothes _____ ______ _______ _______ (以很合理的价格). (3) We have green sweaters ______ only $15! (4) Yellow sweaters ______ only $12! (5) _______ boys, we have black trousers ______ only $22! (6) For girls, we have skirts ______ ________ (紫色的)for only $20! Unit8 When is your birthday? 一． 语法：序数词的构成及用法 1. 含义：序数词表示事物的先后顺序(第几)，往往与定冠词the连用。 2. 基变序记忆规则:(1)1,2,3单独记,第一________，第二________，第三________ . (2)遇4以后加-th,第四________，第六_______，第七________，第十________. (3)遇5和12变ve为f再加-th，第五________，第十二___________. (4)遇8