（整理版高中英语）M6U2Grammar（学生）.doc

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1、M6 U2 Grammar学生版Past tenses一般过去时1在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1980 等。2表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。Eg. When I was a child, I often played football in the street. He always went to work by bus.3用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。( 1.)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。E

2、g. - Did you want anything else? - I _ if you could help me.( 2. )情态动词 could, would，Eg. Could you lend me your bike?4用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。Eg. If I were a bird, I would fly to Beijing. 如果他现在在这儿，我们就能向他求助了。_.注意以下句型：It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了；早该了到了我们睡觉的时间了。_would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示“宁愿某人做

3、某事我宁愿你明天来。_过去进行时二、过去进行时1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作这一过去时间须用时间状语表示。例如：He _ (prepare) his lecture all day yesterday.2.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行。例如：They _ still _ (work) when I _ (leave).3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生。例如：I _ (write) while he _ (watch) TV.4.表示过去将来动作。例如：He said she was arriving the next day.合作探究：1. I dont think J

4、im saw me; he_ into space. A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared2. Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.- Where was I?- You _you didnt like your fathers job. A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying 3. You were out when I dropped in at your hous

5、e. - Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport.A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited过去完成时1过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时间状语。By the end of last year we had built five new houses.我进大学前已经学了5000个单词。_2过去完成时的动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者持续下

6、去。Eg. Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.我到这里前他已经在这所大学呆了5年了。_3在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris.4在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, _.5表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本，

7、未能 We _ _that you would come, but you didnt.(原本希望)6过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.Future tenses一般将来时1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。Eg. Which paragraph shall I read first？ Wi

8、ll you be at home at seven this evening?2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 方案，安排要发生的事。The play is going to be produced next month. c. 有迹象要发生的事Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm.3) be +不定式表将来，按方案或正式安排将发生的事。We are to discuss the repo

9、rt next Saturday.4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing.注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。be going to / will的用法之比拟：用于条件句时，be going to表将来，will表意愿。例：If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.Now if you will take off

10、your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.be to和be going to 的用法之比拟：be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而be going to 那么表示主观的打算或方案。Eg. I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排)Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排)1. Lets keep to the point or we_ any decisions.A. w

11、ill never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached2. A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. A. is B. are C. was D. were3. Jhon promised his doctor he _ not smoke.A. might B. should C. could D. would将来进行时1表示将来某一时间点或时间段正在进

12、行的动作。Dr Brain will be talking about success next time.What _ you _ doat eight tomorrow evening?I wonder if it _ still _ (rain) this afternoon.2表示即将或按方案在未来要发生的事情，主语为第一人称时往往含有期盼情感。They will be separating in the summer. I _ (see) my grandma next month.过去将来时根本形式： wouldshould动词原形其中 would 用于各种人称， should 常

13、用于第一人称。They were sure they would win the final victoryHe didnt expect that we shouldwouldall be there过去将来时的一些其它表达形式： 1wasweregoing to动词原形 He said he was going to try2waswereto动词原形 They said the railway was to be opened to traffic on May Day3waswere about to动词原形 We were about to go out when it began

14、to rain4过去进行时一般多为动作概念较强的动词，如 go，come， leave，start， open，begin 等也可用于表示将来。 I didnt know when they were coming again用法注意点： 1在时间和条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。 He said he would come to see you when he had time2“would动词原形可表示过去习惯性的动作。不管什么人称，都可用would。 When he was a child, he would get up early将来完成时用来表示在将来某个时刻前将完

15、成的动作。常和by短语，when, before引起的时间状语连用。例如：By the end of this week, I shall have finished the book. 到本周末，我将读完这本书。 The children goto sleep by the time we get home. 到我们回家时，孩子们将已睡了。 When you come tonight at eight oclock，I writemy paper. 你今晚八点钟来时，我将会写完文章了。 By next year our teacher teach English for twenty yea

16、rs. Practice (当堂检测)：1. Is Paul playing both soccer and tennis for the school? He_. But now he has given up playing tennis.A. is B. has C. was D. had2. Look! It looks as if it _ going to rain. We must hurry. OK. A. was B. is C. were D. will be3. Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work? Yes, thats why

17、I _ to work by train. A. have been going B. have gone C. was going D. will have gone4. Look! Someone has spilt coffee on the carpet. Well, it _ me. A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt been D. hadnt been5. Ive bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. Oh, how good a dad! But she doesnt like sweet things. _

18、that? A. Dont you know B. Havent you known C. Didnt you know D. Hadnt you known6. Hello, Jim. I_ to see you today. Sonia said you _ ill. Oh, Im OK. A. dont expect; were B. havent expected; areC. am not expecting; are D. didnt expect; were7. Look! How long _ like this? Three weeks! Its usual here tha

19、t rain _ without stopping these days of the year. A. has it rained; pours B. has it been raining; pours C. is it raining; is pouring D. does it rain; pours8. Our team was ahead during the first half, but we _ in the last ten minutes.A. had lost B. would lose C. were losing D. lost9. You neednt hurry

20、 her; she _ it by the time you are ready.A. will have finished B. will finish C. will be finishing D. has finished10. Who is the old man talking with your teacher? I dont know. I _ him before.A. was never seeing B. had never seen C. never saw D. wouldnt see11. He told me that MrBlack _inBeijing sinc

21、efive years ago.( live)12.We_treeslastSunday. Sofarwe_over3，000treesthere. (plant)13. Did you see a man in black pass by just now? No, sir. I _a newspaper. (read)14. Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday? Yes, he did. He _ his old friends for a long time. (not see)15. I _ there little more

22、 than a week when I set to work with the scientist. (be)16. Is there any thing wrong, Bob? You look sad. Oh, nothing much. In fact I _ my friends back home. (think of )语法作业1. Look! How wonderful my car is! Oh, Jack. What are you thinking about? Dont you like it? Im sorry I _ any remark about it in t

23、ime. I certainly think its smart.A. wasnt makingB. dont makeC. wont make D.didnt make2. To find the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy task because the city _ so rapidly all these years.A. is changingB. has changed C. will have changed D.will change3. He _ quite well, but he hasnt had t

24、ime to swim since this summer.A. will swim B. have swum C. swam D. swims4. Jimmy said that he would come to pick me up, but he _by now.A. hasnt turned upB. doesnt turn upC. wont turn up D.hadnt turned up5. Im terribly sorry for being late, but I _ the wrong bus.A. catch B. had caught C. caughtD. cat

25、ching6. The truth, sir, is that the old man _ across the road when my car hit him.A. was to walkB. had been walking C. walkedD.was walking7. The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they _.A. were playingB. were to pla

26、yC. had played D. played8. Kate is in hospital. Oh, really? I _. _ visit her.A. didnt know; Ill go and B. dont know; Ill go andC. dont know; Im going to D. didnt know; Im going to9. Where _ the guidebook? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here, but now its gone.A. did you put; have putB. had you

27、put; have putC. have you put; putD. were you putting; put10. How is the old man now? Sorry, he _ though they did all they could to save him.A. was deadB. had died C. has been dead D. died11.The lake will be further polluted unless some measures _.A. will be taken B. are takenC. were taken D.had been

28、 taken 12. Im afraid it will be two months _.A. when I come backB. when Ill come backC. before I come backD. before Ill come back13.The workers _ busily when the boss came to look for something he _ in the office.A. had worked, had leftB. were working ; had leftC. working ; had leftD. had worked; le

29、ft14.The notice _ “No smoking.A. is told B. reads C. tells D. is read15. The old man _ two days after he had been sent to hospital. A. died B. would die C. had died D. has died 16. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon _ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C.was returning D. had ret

30、urned 17. I _ my son _ a doctor, but he wasnt good enough at science. A. hoped; would becomeB. had hoped; would becomeC. had hoped; will become D. hope; will become 18. Helen _ _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comesB. left; had come C. had left; cameD

31、.had left; would come 19. He stepped into the office, _ down and began to fill in the forms. A. sitting B. to sit C. sat D. having it20. She said she would telephone but we _from her so far. A. havent heard B. didnt hear C. hadnt heard D. wont hear21. When I got to the cinema, the film_ _for ten min

32、utes. A. has begun B. had begun C. had been on D. was22. Ill go with you as soon as I _ my homework. A. will finish B. finish C. am finishing D. finished23. If it _ tomorrow, I wont go to the cinema. A. will rain B. rains C. is raining D. rained24. “这本书我已经买了三个月了。 which is wrong？ A. I have had this b

33、ook for three months. B. I have bought this book for three months. C. I bought this book three months ago. D. It is three months since I bought this book.25. Come in, Peter, I want to show you something. Oh, how nice of you! I _ you _ to bring me a gift. A. never think; are going B. never thought; w

34、ere going C. didnt think; were going D. hadt thought; were going26. Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes27. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D.having happened28. Tom _

35、 into the house when no one _. A. slipped; was looking B. had slipped; looked C. slipped; had looked D.was slipping; lookedM6 U2 GrammarPast tenses一般过去时1在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1980 等。2表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。Eg. When I was a child, I often play

36、ed football in the street. He always went to work by bus.3用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。( 1.) 动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。Eg. - Did you want anything else? - I wondered if you could help me.( 2. ) 情态动词 could, would，Eg. Could you lend me your bike?4用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。Eg. If I were a bird, I would

37、fly to Beijing. If he were here now, we could turn to him for help.注意以下句型：It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了；早该了，Eg. It is time you went to bed.would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示“宁愿某人做某事，Eg. Id rather you came tomorrow.过去进行时二、过去进行时1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作这一过去时间须用时间状语表示。例如：He was preparing (prepare) his l

38、ecture all day yesterday.2.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行。例如：They were still working (work) when I left (leave).3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生。例如：I was writing (write) while he was watching (watch) TV.4.表示过去将来动作。例如：He said she was arriving the next day.合作探究：1. I dont think Jim saw me; he_ into space. A. just stared B. was jus

39、t staring C. has just stared D. had just stared2. Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.- Where was I?- You _you didnt like your fathers job. A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying 3. You were out when I dropped in at your house. - Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airpor

40、t.A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited过去完成时1过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时间状语。 By the end of last year we had built five new houses. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.2过去完成时的动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者持续下去。Eg. Before

41、 he slept, he had worked for 12 hours. He had been in this college for five years before I came here.3在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris.4在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.5表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本，未能 We had hoped