人教出版八年级上册英语学习知识资料点归纳.doc

人教版八年级上册英语单元词组及搭配 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 词组 go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多 study for为……而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然 feel like给……的感觉；感受到 go shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走走 because of因为 one bowl of… 一碗…… the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来 搭配 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来…… look+adj. 看起来…… nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有 seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 decide to do sth.决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事 Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢？ so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于…… tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 语法：不定代词和一般过去时态 Unit2 How often do you exercise? 词组 help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不 once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空 go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对……有好处 go camping去野营 not…at all一点儿也不…… in one’s free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如 old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医 morn than多于；超过 less than少于 搭配 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 How about…? ......怎么样？/ ……好不好？ want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ ……有多少……? 主语+find+that从句. ……发现…… spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 It’s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的……的。 ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 by doing sth. 通过做某事 What’s your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？ the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 语法：频率副词的用法 Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister. 词组 more outgoing更外向 as…as…与……一样…… the singing competition唱歌比赛 be similar to与……相像的/类似的 the same as和……相同；与……一致 be different from与……不同 care about关心；介意 be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的 as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩 reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 the other其他的 touch one’s heart感动某人 be talented in music有音乐天赋 be good at擅长…… be good with善于与……相处 搭配 have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth擅长做某事 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与……一样…… It’s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……的。 本单元语法：形容词和副词的比较级、最高级 1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really；2）比较级，表示“较……”或“更……”的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词than,A or B,of the two, 修饰词much,a lot,a little；3）最高级，表示“最……”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。 构 成 方 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级 单音 节词 和部 分双 音节 词 一般在词尾加-er或-est high short higher shorter highest shortest 以字母e词尾的词，加-r或-st late fine later finest latest finest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot big thin fat hotter bigger thinner fatter hottest biggest thinnest fattest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加 -er或-est funny easy early funnier easier earlier funniest easiest earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most beautiful athletic outgoing more beautiful more athletic more outgoing most beautiful most athletic most outgoing 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化： 原 级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther（更远） further（更深远） farthest(最远) furthest（最深远） Unit4 What’s the best movie theater? 词组 movie theater电影院 close to…离……近 clothes store服装店 in town在镇上 so far到目前为止 10 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10分钟的路程 talent show才艺表演 in common共同；共有 around the world世界各地；全世界 more and more……越来越…… and so on等等 all kinds of……各种各样的 be up to是……的职责；由……决定 not everybody并不是每个人 make up编造（故事、谎言等） play a role in…在……方面发挥作用/有影响 for example例如 take…seriously认真对待 give sb. sth.给某人某物 come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到 搭配 Can I ask you some…?我能问你一些……吗？ How do you like…?你认为……怎么样？ Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。 What do you think of…?你认为……怎么样? much+ adj./adv.的比较级 ……得多 watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事 play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色 one of+可数名词的复数 ……之一 本单元语法：形容词和副词的最高级 Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show? 词组 think of认为 learn from从……获得；向……学习 find out查明；弄清楚 talk show谈话节目 game show游戏节目 soap opera肥皂剧 go on发生 watch a movie看电影 a pair of一双；一对 try one’s best尽某人最大努力 as famous as与……一样有名 have a discussion about就……讨论 one day有一天 such as例如 dress up打扮；梳理 take sb.’s place代替；替换 do a good job干得好 something enjoyable令人愉快的东西 interesting information有趣的资料 one of……之一 look like看起来像 around the world全世界 a symbol of……的象征 句型 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事 plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事 happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 expect to do sth.盼望做某事 How about doing…?做……怎么样？ be ready to do sth.乐于做某事 try one’s best to do sth.尽力做某事 本单元语法：动词不定式做宾语 Unit6 I’m going to study computer science. 词组 grow up成长；长大 every day每天 be sure about对……有把握 make sure确信；务必 send…to…把……送到…… be able to能 the meaning of……的意思 different kinds of不同种类的 write down写下；记下 have to do with关于；与……有关系 take up开始做；学着做 hardly ever几乎不；很少 too…to…太……而不能……/太……以至于不能 搭配 be going to+动词原形 打算做某事 practice doing练习做某事 keep on doing sth.不断地做某事 learn to do sth.学会做某事 finish doing sth.做完某事 promise to do sth.许诺去做某事 help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 remember to do sth.记住做某事 agree to do sth.同意做某事 love to do sth.喜爱做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 本单元语法：be going to的用法 Unit7 Will people have robots? 词组 on computer在电脑上 on paper在纸上 live to do 200 years old活动200岁 free time空闲时间 in danger处于危险之中 on the earth在地球上 play a part in sth.参与某事 space station太空站 look for寻找 computer programmer电脑编程员 in the future在未来 hundreds of许多；成百上千 the same…as…与……一样 over and over again多次；反复地 get bored感到厌烦的 wake up醒来 fall down倒塌 搭配 will+动词原形 将要做…… fewer/more+可数名词复数 更少/更多…… less/more+不可数名词 更少/更多…… have to do sth.不得不做某事 agree with sb.同意某人的意见 such+名词（词组） 如此…… play a part in doing sth. 参与做某事 There will be + 主语+其他 将会有…… There is/are +sb./sth.+doing sth.有……正在做某事 make sb. do sth. help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 try to do sth. 尽力做某事 It’s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……的。 本单元语法：一般将来时 试着写出下里下列词组。 There will be ________________________（更多的建筑）in 50 years. The students will have ________________（更少的家庭作业）to do. There will be ________________________（更少的污染）here. Kids will have ______________________（更少的计算机）in their classroom. There will be _______________________（更多的图书馆）in this city. There will be ________________________（更少的树）in the park. 明天的城市汽车会更少，地铁会更多。 There ___________ ___________ ___________cars and _________subways in the city. 城市的污染会更少，人口会更多。 There _________ ________ __________ _________ ________more people in the city tomorrow. 重点词汇解析：(二) 用there be 或者 have 的适当形式填空。 2 Do you________any questions? 3 __________no schools in this village 20 years ago. 4. She _________nothing because she doesn’t ________any students and a teacher in the classroom. 6. They _________a lot of housework to do every day. 7. ________________ a light burning in the small room. 8. We ________ no time left. 一、单项选择： 1. The next time you see Nikos, he _______sixteen years old. A. will beB. isC. wasD. will 2. Margot _______computer science last year. A. studiesB. studied C. will studyD. is studying 3. In ten years, John _______an astronaut. A. isB. will beC. wasD. will 4. How many people _______there fifty years ago. A. willB. wereC. areD. will be 5. In AD 20 000,what_______the world be like? A. isB. willC. wasD. are 6. There is_______ meat but_______ cakes on the plate. Please have one. A. a little; a fewB. a few; a littleC. few; littleD. little; a few 7. There is very _______on this street. A. few trafficsB. little trafficsC. few trafficD. little traffic 8.—What is your favorite 21st century prediction?—I predict there will be _______leisure time. A. manyB. fewC. fewerD. less 9.—In AD 2050,what will the world population be? —I think cities will be really big and crowded because there will be a lot _______people. A. muchB. moreC. manyD .less 10. I went to Beijing last year and I fell in love _______it. A. onB. forC. withD .to 11.—I think that China will win the World Cup one day. —I _______.The Chinese team is becoming stronger and stronger. A. agreeB. disagreeC. don’t agreeD. think 12.I paid only ￡300 for the used car but its _______much more. A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. value 13.You try to knock _______a group of ten pins placed in a triangle in a bowling game. A. toB. downC. ofD. up 14. In order to keep fit, we try to make_ ______for fun. A. moneyB. timeC. a cakeD. a plane 15. He is at _______as tall as you. A. leastB. littleC. lessD. the same 16. —Will people live to be 300 years old? —_________. A. No, they arent B. No, they wont C. No, they dont D. No, they cant 17. There will be _________ pollution this year than last year. A. fewer B. much C. less D. many 18. I think people here are friendly. Do you agree _________ me? A. with B. to C. on D. from 19. —Where is Miss Wang? —She went to Hainan Island last week and will return _________ six days. A. ago B. later C. behind D. in 20. —_________ will they play? —They will play football. A. What subject B. What sport C. What food D. What language 21. I will see you again _________. A. a day B. every day C. one day D. everyday 22. I hope your dream will _________. A. come true B. come out C. come in D. come on 23. Everyone wants to _________ to the moon for vacations. A. walk B. run C. swim D. fly 24. This coat doesnt fit him well, as he has _______ a huge body and the coat is _________ small. A. so; such B. so; so C. such; such D. such; so 25. —How many birds can you see in the trees? —I can see _________ birds in them. A. hundreds of B. five hundreds C. hundred of D. five hundreds of 二、完形填空。 We live in computer age (时代). People 1 scientists, teachers, writers and even students use computers to do all kinds of work. But more than 30 years ago, 2 couldnt do much. They were very big and expensive. Very 3 people were interested in them and knew how to use them. Today computers are smaller and 4 . But they can do a lot of work, many people like to use them. Some people 5 have them at home. Computers become very important because they can work 6 than people and make fewer mistakes. Computers can 7 people do a lot of work. Writers now use computers to 8 . Teachers use them to help teaching. Students use them to 9 . Computers can also remember what you 10 them. Computers are very useful and helpful. They are our friends. Do you want to have a computer? 1. A. like B. as C. and D. with 2. A. students B. scientists C. teachers D. computers 3. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 4. A. cheap B. cheaper C. more expensiveD. expensive 5. A. even B. still C. already D. yet 6. A. fast B. faster C. slow D. slower 7. A. help B. make C. stop D. use 8. A. write B. play C. study D. learn 9. A. sing B. study C. dance D. watch 10. A. put in B. put on C. put into D. put up Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake? 词组 milk shake奶昔 turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开 pour…into…把……倒入…… a cup of yogurt一杯酸奶 a good idea好主意 on Saturday在星期六 cut up切碎 put…into…把……放入…… one more thing还有一件事 a piece of一片/张/段/首…… at this time在这时 a few一些；几个 fill… with…用……把……装满 cover…with…用……覆盖…… one by one一个接一个；逐个；依次 a long time很长时间 搭配 how many+可数名词复数 多少…… how much+不可数名词 多少…… It’s time (for sb.)+to do sth. 到（某人）做某事的时间了 First…Next…Then…Finally 首先……接下来……然后…….最后…… want + to do sth.想要做某事 forget+to do sth.忘记去做某事 how + to do sth.如何做某事 need+to do sth.需要做某事 make+宾语+形容词 使……怎样 let sb. +do sth.让某人做某事 本单元语法：祈使句、可数名词与不可数名词 Ⅰ.单项选择 1．—Would you like ______？ —Yes，please. A．an apple milk shakeB．a apple milk shake C．apples milk shakeD．apple milk shake 2．—How ______money do we need? —Thirty dollars. A．many　　　　 　　B．/ C．much D．about 3．You must cut______the bananas before you put ______int o the blender. A．down；it B．up；them C．down；them D．up；it 4．How______milk and how______hamburgers do you need? A．much；much B．much；many C．many；many D．many；much 5．Rem ember to add some sugar______the stewed apples. A．to B．on C．at D．for 6．The place is v ery popular.Look，ther e are so many ______ here. A．visitor B．travelers C．policemen D．actors 7．—Would you like some milk? —Yes，ju st______. A．a few B．few C．a little D．little Ⅱ.根据句意、首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1．Please p______the apple before you eat it. 2．First put the orange into the b______.After a while you can drink orange juice. 3．We looked for the boy here and there，and f______ f ound him in a shop.x kb 1 4．It s wasteful(浪费)to ______(倒掉)the clean water. 5．We almost need______(盐)every meal. 6．I dont li ke pure(纯)milk；I like y______. 参考答案 Ⅰ. 1. 答案：A　点拨：考查修饰词。句意为“——你想要一份苹果奶昔吗？——是的”。apple 为元音音素开头，其前的不定冠词应用an，可排除B 项；apple作为修饰成分时应用单数形式，可排除C项；此处强调“一份”，故排除D项。 2. 答案：C　点拨：考查money为不可数名词。应用how much来提问。 3. 答案：B　点拨：考查词义及单复数。句意为“在你把香蕉放入果汁机之前必须把它们切碎”。“切碎”用cut up表示。可排除A、C两项；此处bananas为复数，代词应用them表示。 4. 答案：B　点拨：考查修饰词。milk为不可数名词，用much修饰；hamburger为可数名词，用many修饰。 5. 答案：A　点拨：考查固定搭配。add.. .to...意为“把……加到……上”。 6. 答案：B　点拨：根据“这地方很受欢迎”可知“有这么多的游客”。故选B项。A项也是“游客”，但many后接可数名词复数形式；C项意为“警察”；D项意为“演员”。 7. 答案：C　点拨：考查不可数名词的修饰词及词义。milk为不可数名词，不能用few 及a few修饰，可排除A、B两项；句意为“——你想要些牛奶吗？——是的，只要一点”。little意为“几乎没有”，表否定意义，故排除。X kB1.cOM Ⅱ. 答案：1.peel　2.b lender　3.finally　4.pour　5.salt　6.yogurt Unit9 Can you come to my party? 词组 on Saturday afternoon在周六下午 prepare for为……做准备 go to the doctor去看医生 have the flu患感冒 help my parents帮助我的父母 come to the party来参加聚会 another time其他时间 last fall去年秋天 go to the party去聚会 hang out常去某处；泡在某处 the