人教出版八年级英语下册课本学习知识.doc

-! 八年级英语下册课文 UNIT1Whatsthematter? BusDriverandPassengersSaveanOldMan At9:00a.m.yesterday,busNo.26wasgoingalongZhonghuaRoadwhenthedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideoftheroad.Awomanwasnexttohim,shoutingforhelp. Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing,stoppedthebuswithoutthinkingtwice.Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.Shesaidthatthemanhadaheartproblemandshouldgotothehospital.Mr.Wangknewhehadtoactquickly.Hetoldthepassengersthathemusttakethemantothehospital.Heexpectedmostorallofthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforthenextbus. Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.SomepassengershelpedMr.Wangtomovethemanonathebus. ThankstoMr.Wangandthepassengers,thedoctorssavedthemanintime."Itssadthatmanypeopledontwanttohelpothersbecausetheydon‟twantanytrouble,"saysonepassenger."Butthedriverdidntthinkabouthimself.Heonlythoughtaboutsavingalife." HeLostHisArmButIsStillClimbing AronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing.Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.Thisisoneoftheexcitingthingsaboutdoingdangeroussports.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislifebecauseofaccidents.OnApril26,2003,hefoundhimselfinaverydangeroussituationwhenclimbinginUtah Onthatday,Aronsarmwascaughtundera360-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. Because hecouldnotfreehisarm,hestayedthereforfivedaysandhopedthatsomeonewouldfindhim.Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.Hewasnotreadytodiethatday.Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.Afterthat,heclimbeddownthemountaintofindhelp. Afterlosinghisarm,hewroteabookcalledBetweenaRockandaHardPlace.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof.Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofoneslife.Hisloseformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience. DowehavethesamespiritasAron?Letsthinkaboutitbeforewefindourselves“betweenarockandahardplace”,andbeforewehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeordeath. Unit2Illhelptocleanupthecityparks P113a StudentsWhoVolunteer MarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers. Mariolovesanimalsandwantstobeananimaldoctor.HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.“Itshardwork,”hesays,“butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.” Maryisabooklover.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.Lastyearshedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.shestillworksthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.Thekidsaresittinginthelibrary,butyoucanseeintheireyesthatthey‟regoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.IcandowhatIlovetodoandhelpothersatthesametime. P124b Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobslotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,Theythinkaboutwhatforfunorrelaxation.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycandoothers.Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodwayourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplanssickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayeartoanothercountry,likeAfrica,andhelppeoplethere. P142b I’llSendYouaPhotoofLucky DearMissLi, I‟dliketothankyouforsendingmoneytoAnimalHelpers.I‟msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.Letmetellyoumystory. Whatwoulditbeliketobeblindordeaf?Orimagineyoucan‟twalkouuseyourhandseasily.Mostpeoplewouldneverthinkaboutthis,butmanypeoplehavethesedifficulties.Ican‟tusemyarmsorlegswell,sonormalthingslikeansweringthetelephone,openingandclosingdoors,orcarryingthingsaredifficultforme.Thenonedaylastyear,afriendofminehelpedmeout.ShetalkedtoAnimalHelpersaboutgettingmeaspecialtraineddog.Shealsothoughtadogmightcheermeup.IloveanimalsandIwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog. AftersixmonthsoftrainingwithadogatAnimalHelpers,Iwasabletobringhimhome.Mydog‟snameisLucky—agoodnameforhimbecauseIfeelveryluckytohavehim.Yousee,I‟monlyabletohavea“dog-helper”becauseofyourkindness!LuckyisverycleverandunderstandsmanyEnglishwords.HecanunderstandmewhenIgivehimorders.Forexample,Isay,“Lucky!Getmybook,”andhedoesitatonce. Luckyisafantasticdog.I‟llsendyouaphotoofhimifyoulike,andIcouldshowyouhowhehelpsme.Thankyouagainforchangingmylife. Bestwishes,BenSmith P16Self-check2 Lastweek,everyonewastryingupJimmy,theBikeboy.Hewasunhappybecauseheofmoneyoldbikes.Hesomesignsaskingforoldbikesandallhisfriendsonthephonethemabouttheproblem.Heevennoticesatthesupermarket.Thenhetoldtheteachersatschoolabouthisproblemandtheyacall-incenterforparents.Theideasthathewithworkedoutfine.Henowhas16bikesupandtochildrenwhodon‟thavebikes. Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom? P193a Lastmonth,ourdogwelcomedmewhenIcamehomefromschool.Hewantedawalk,butIwastootired. Ithrewdownmybagandwenttothelivingroom.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.“Couldyoupleasetakethedogforawalk?”sheasked. “CouldIwatchoneshowfirst?”Iasked.“NO!”sherepliedangrily.“YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!Ican‟tworkalldayanddohouseworkallevening.”“Well,Iworkalldayatschool,too!I‟mjustastiredasyouare!”Ishoutedback. Mymomdidnotsayanythingandwalkedaway.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.Finally,Icouldnotfindacleandishoracleanshirt. Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.“Whathappened?”sheaskedinsurprise. “I‟msosorry,Mom.Ifinallyunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome,”Ireplied.P222bDearSir, Idon‟tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.Kidsthesedaysalreadyhaveenoughstressfromschool.Theydon‟thavetimetostudyanddohousework,too.Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.Couldwejustletthemdotheirjobasstudents?Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohouseworksothere‟snoneedforthemtodoitnow.Itistheparents‟jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.Idon‟tminddoingthem. Mr.Smith DearSir, Ithinkitisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework.It‟snotenoughtojustgetgoodgradesatschool.Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.They‟realwaysasking,“Couldyougetthisforme?”or“Couldyouhelpmewiththat?”Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren‟sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.Italsohelpsthemtounderstandtheideaoffairness.Sincetheyliveinonehousewiththeirparents,theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.Ourneighbor‟ssongotintoagoodcollegebutduringhisfirstyear,hehadnoideahowtotakecareofhimself.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.Ms.Miller Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents? P273a DearMr.Hunt, MyproblemisIcan‟tgetonwithmyfamily.Relationsbetweenmyparentshavebecomedifficult.anddevelopmentoftoilets.Italsoencouragesgovernmentsandsocialgroupstothinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture. Linlin：LastyearIwenttotheHangzhouNationalTeaMuseum.It‟sarelaxingandpeacefulplacenearalake.Theteaartperformancesshowhowtomakeaperfectcupoftea.Watchingthempreparetheteawiththebeautifulteasetsisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.I‟vefinallyrealizedwhymygrandpalovesdrinkingteaandcollectingteasets. P684b Mostofus______(see)MickeyMouse,DonaldDuckandotherfamousDisneycharactersincartoonsbefore.Buthaveyouever________(be)toDisneyland?Disneyland_______(be)anamusementparkwithaspecialtheme-Disneycharactersandmovies.There_________(be)manyexcitingrides,lovelyrestaurantsandfantasticgiftshopsthere.Youcanalso_________(see)theDisneycharacterswalkingaroundthepark.Andhaveyouever________(hear)ofaDisneyCruise?This______(be)aboatridewithaDisneytheme.Youcan_________(take)arideontheboatforseveraldaysandeatandsleeponit.Ontheboat,youcan________(shop)andhaveDisneypartiesbeforeyou_________(arrive)attheDisneyisland. P702b Singapore-APlaceYouWillNeverForget! HaveyoueverbeentoSingapore?ForthousandsoftouristsfromChina,thissmallislandinSoutheastAsiaisawonderfulandsafeplacetotakeaholiday.Ontheonehand,morethanthreequartersofthepopulationareChinese,soyoucansimplyspeakPutonghuaalotofthetime.Ontheotherhand,SingaporeisanEnglish-speakingcountry,soit‟salsoagoodplacetopracticeyourEnglish! HaveyouevertriedChinesefoodoutsideofChina?Maybeyoufearthatyouwon‟tbeabletofindanythinggoodtoeatwhenyoutravel.InSingapore,however,you‟llfindalotoffoodfromChina;youwon‟thaveanyproblemgettingrice,noodlesordumplings.Singaporeisalsoanexcellentplacetotrynewfood.WhetheryoulikeIndianfood,WesternfoodorJapanesefood,you‟llfinditallinSingapore! Mostlargecitieshavezoos,buthaveyoueverbeentoazooatnight?SingaporehasaNightSafari.Itmightseemstrangetogotoazoowhenit‟sdark.However,ifyougotoseelions,tigersorfoxesduringthedaytime,they‟llprobablybeasleep!Alotofanimalsonlywakeupatnight,sothisisthebesttimetowatchthem.AttheNightSafari,youcanwatchtheseanimalsinamorenaturalenvironmentthaninanormalzoo. OnegreatthingaboutSingaporeisthatthetemperatureisalmostthesameallyearround.Thisisbecausetheislandissoclosetotheequator.soyoucanchoosetogowheneveryoulike-spring,summer,autumnorwinter.And,ofcourse,it‟snottoofarfromChina! Unit10Ivehadthisbikeforthreeyears. P753a Mychildrenaregrowingupfast.Mydaughteris16andmyboyhasjuststartedjuniorhighschool.Astheygetbiggerourhouseseemstogetsmaller.Sowe‟vebeenclearingoutalotofthingsfromourbedroomsforayardsale. We‟vedecidedtoeachsellfivethingswenolongeruse.We‟llgivethemoneyweraisetoachildren‟shome.Mysonwasquitesadatfirst.Hefoundalotoftoysthathedoesn‟tplaywithanymorebutstillwantedtokeep.Forexample,he‟sownedatrainandrailwaysetsincehisfourthbirthday,andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven.Andhedidn‟twanttolosethetoymonkeyhe‟shadsincebirth.Irememberwhenhewouldnevergotobedwithoutit.Mydaughterwasmoreunderstanding,althoughshealsofeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys.Asforme,Ididn‟twanttogiveupmyfootballshirts,but,tobehonest,Ihaven‟tplayedforawhilenow.I‟mgettingolder,too! P782a HometownFeelings Somepeoplestillliveintheirhometown.However,othersmayonlyseeitonceortwiceayear.Nowadays,millionsofChineseleavethecountrysidetosearchforworkinthecities.AmongtheseisZhongWei,a46-year-oldhusbandandfather.HehaslivedinWenzhouforthelast13years.Withahardjobinacrayonfactory,hedoesn‟tfindmuchtimetovisithishometown.“Iusedtoreturnhomeatleastonceayear,butIhaven‟tbeenbackforalmostthreeyearsnow.It‟sashame,butIjustdon‟thavethetime,”hesays. ManypeoplelikeZhongWeiregardwithgreatinteresthowtheirhometownshavechanged.Perhapslargehospitalsandnewroadshaveappeared.Inmanyplaces,thegovernmenthasalsobuiltnewschoolsandsentteachersfromthecitiestohelp. “Inoticedthat‟strueofmyhometown,”addsZhongWei.“Childrenhavelearnedtoreadandcountatmyoldprimaryschoolsincethemid-20thcentury.Butnowthebuildingsarereallyold.Ihearthey‟regoingtobuildanewschoolthere.”ZhongWeithinkssuchdevelopmentsaregood,andhealsoknowsthathishometowncannotalwaysstaythesame. AccordingtoZhongWei,however,somethingswillneverchange.“Inmyhometown,therewasabigoldtreeoppositetheschool.Itisstillthereandhasbecomequiteasymboloftheplace.Mostofthechildreninmytimelikedtoplaytogetherunderthatbigtree,especiallyduringthesummerholidays.Itwassuchahappychildhood.Ourhometownhasleftmanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourhearts.” P792c ManyChinesepeoplethesedaysleavetheirtoworkinthe.Theyusuallytotheirhometownsoneortwotimesa________.ZhongWeihasn‟tbeenbackinclosetothreeyears.HehasbeenworkinginafactoryinWenzhouforthepast13years. Peoplelikehimareinhowtheirhometownsarechanging.Newbuildingsareoftenbuiltbythe.ZhongWeithinksthesechangesarebecausethingsneedtochangeinordertobecomebetter.Buthealsothinkssomethingschange,andhishometownisstilltheplacethatholdsallhischildhood.