（整理版高中英语）高二暑英语假专题语法复习（代词）人教实验.doc

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1、高二暑英语假专题：语法复习代词人教实验版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：暑假专题：语法复习代词代词二. 代词类别 1. 人称代词：you, I, he, she, we, they, it及其宾格：you, me, him, her, us, them, it. 2. 物主代词：形容词性：your, my, his, her, our, their, its;名词性：yours, mine, his, hers, ours, theirs, its. 3. 反身代词：yourself; myself; himself; herself; itself, ourselves, themselve

2、s, yourselves. 4. 相互代词：each other; one another. 5. 指示代词：this, that, these, those, such 6. 疑问代词：what; which, who等用于特殊疑问句。 7. 连接代词：what, which, who等用于引导名词性从句。 8. 关系代词：what; which; who等用于定语从句。 9. 不定代词：some, any, no等是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的词。代词种类繁多，用法复杂，但重点是不定代词，难点是it, one, that的用法区别。三. 不定代词的用法不定代词一览表可数one, ea

3、ch, many, both, another, either, neither, (a) few不可数much, (a) little可数/不可数none, any, other, all, some复合不定代词anyone; anybody, anything; someone, somebody, something, everything, nobody, nothing一不定代词的语法特征1. every和no只能用作形容词，不能用作代词2. 复合不定代词只起代词作用，作主语时，谓语动词一概用单数。表物类的复合不定代词，指代代词用单数，即：it , its; 表人类的复合不定代词，指

4、代代词通常用复数，即：they; their, them等。He said something was lost, but he didnt say what it was.Someone is waiting for me at the school gate, but I have no idea who they are(or who he or she is).3. 复合不定代词都不可接of短语，但some one, every one, any one都是两个词，之后可接of短语注意no one不可接of短语。Every one of the students can speak g

5、ood English.4. 除它们之外，其他的不定代词既可用作代词，又可用作形容词none只能用作代词。形容词修饰复合不定代词时，必须置其后。There is always something new about the cinema development. 二不定代词的难点：1. 区别：none, no one, nothingnone既可指人，也可指物，常答复how many/much的疑问句；no one只能指人，常答复who的疑问句；nothing“什么也没有，否认一切，答复what的疑问句。如:How many people are there in the room now?N

6、one.Who is in the room? No one. /Nobody.2. another, other, the other, others, the others的用法不定代词意义用法说明 another任何一个，另一个指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作代词或形容词。如：I dont like this coat. Show me another, please. other另外的只能作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果前面有the, this, that, some, any, each, every, no, one及my, your, his等时，那么可与单数名词连

7、用。如any other plant, every other day.the other两者中的另一个常与one连用，构成“onethe other；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“全部中的其余的others泛指别的人或物是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物但不是全部，不能作定语，构成some; othersthe others特指其余的人或物是the other的复数形式，特指其余的人或物三全部否认和局部否认1all, both, everyone, everybody, everything以及every+名词都表示全部肯定；no one, none, nobody, nothing, n

8、ot, any,以及no+名词都表示全部否认；但当not出现在含有表示全部肯定的句子中，不管not在它们之前或之后都表示局部否认，如：Both of them havent read this story. = Only one of them has read this story.All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this problem.All bamboo doesnt grow tall. = Not all bamboo grows tall. = Some bamboo grows tall, bu

9、t some doesnt.We fear no difficulty.= We dont fear any difficulty.Neither of them wants to stop for a rest.2总括性副词如：everywhere, always, altogether, wholly(全部地)和not连用时，也表示局部否认。如：Such a thing cant be found everywhere.这种事并非到处可见。Such a thing can be found nowhere.这种事什么地方也见不到。四both, all, either, any, neith

10、er, none的用法都任何都不两者botheitherneither三者以上allanynone如：1，28We asked John and Jerry, but neither of them could offer a satisfactory explanation.2，21I visited Joe and Linda to dinner, but neither of them came.3，22Which of the three ways shall I take to the village? Any way as you please.Ex：1I had to buy _

11、 these books because I didnt know which one was the best.2Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _ hes done for you.3It is easy to do the repair. _ you need is a hammer and some nails.四. 替代词的用法one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those关于替代词试题，首先要明白使用替代词的目的就是代替前面的名词，以防止重复。那么，做题时首先要弄清

12、楚替代词替代什么样的名词，如：可数还是不可数？是泛指还是特指？其中one用来替代前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于a/an+单数名词；ones用来替代前面出现的复数名词，也是泛指概念；the one用来代替前面的特指的单数名词，有时可用that代替。the ones用来代替前面的特指的复数名词，有时可用those代替。that用来替代前面的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于the+单数/不可数名词。如：Mr. Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one(=a present) that I have never seen.Mr. Zhan

13、g gave me many valuable presents, ones(many presents) that I have never seen.The book on the desk is better than that/ the one under the desk.The books on the desk are better than those/ the ones under the desk.五. it的根本用法 1用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。 The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago. 2用以代替提

14、示代词this, that。 Whats this? Its a knife. Whose watch is that? Its mine. 3起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。 Who is knocking at the door? Its me. 4指环境情况等。 It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment. 5指时间、季节等。 What time is it? Its eight oclock. It often rains in summer here. 6指距离。 It is a long way to the school. 7作形式

15、主语。 It is not easy to finish the work in two days. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is a pity that you didnt read the book. 8作形式宾语。 I think it no use arguing with him. I found it very interesting to study English. He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject. 9用于强调结构。 It was Xi

16、ao Ming whom(that)I met in the street last night. It was in the street that I met Xiao Ming last night. It was last night that I met Xiao Ming in the street. It was I who met Xiao Ming in the street last night. 六. 含有“It is 的句型 1It is time (for sb.) to do sth. It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气

17、) 2It is + 形容词+of / for sb.+ to do sth. 通常用 of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。 3It is + 形容词 + that + sb. + (should) do sth.虚拟语气 能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、

18、impossible等。有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。如： It is important that we should pay close attention to grain. It is natural that heshouldsay so. 4It is no use/ good + doing sth. It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again. 5It is + 被强调局部 + that/who + Was it in the street that you met her? Who was it

19、that called him “comrade? It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend. It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.注意上述各句均为强调句型的“考点 比拟：It is a small factory where my brother is going to work.定语从句 6It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known that 7It is/was + 时间 + since 从已多久了。 I

20、t is three years since I met him in Beijing. It was a long time since I (had lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.注意两句中的时态 It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约已经五个月了。 It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约已经五个月了。 注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，那么从动作或状态结束时算

21、起。 8It is + 时间 + before 这个句型和上面句型中的时间都是时间段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时或一般过去时。 It will be several years before we meet again. 我们要过好几年才能再见面。 It was not long before they set out for the front. 不久他们就出发去了前线。 9It is /was/will be the first/second/third time

22、 that It is the first time that I have been here. It was the second time that he had seen the film. 10It is up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人做某事。 It is up to you to decide whether we start or not. 七. 代词短语one after another一个又一个We have won one victory after another.from one to another从一个到另一个He went from one s

23、hop to another to look for a present for you.every other day = every two days= every second day每两天We have an English class every other day.some other day= another day其他某一天Im busy these days. Lets have a get- together some other day.the other day= not long ago几天前The other day I came across an old cla

24、ssmate of mine.anything but决不，并不He is anything but a polite man.nothing but只是，无非是He likes nothing but football.no more than = only仅有Sorry, I have no more than ten dollars on me.other than不同于，除了Theres nobody here other than me.every now and then=from time to time= once in a while不时地，偶尔in other words=

25、 that is to say= that is换句话说，也就是说one the one hand on the other hand= for one thingfor another thing一方面；另一方面only a few=very few 很少quite a few= a good few= not a few相当多【模拟试题】 1. I agree with most of what you wanted, but I dont agree with _. A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing 2. Sarah has r

26、ead lots of stories, by American writers. Now she would like to read _ stories by writers from _ countries. A. some; anyB. other; someC. some; otherD. other; other 3. Youre always studying. Come on; lets go playing basketball. _ you ever want to do is going playing basketball. A. AnythingB. Somethin

27、gC. AllD. That 4. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. itB. thatC. theseD. them 5. Dr. Black comes from either Beijing or Tianjin. I cant remember _. A. whereB. thereC. whichD. that 6. Few pleasures can equal _ of a cool drink on a hot day. A. someB. anyC. thatD. those 7. Do you want

28、 tea or coffee? _. I really dont mind. A. BothB. NoneC. EitherD. Neither 8. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and _. A. the other is whiteB. another white C. the other whiteD. another is white 9. Miss Glory refused to accept _ of the three plans. A. eitherB. neitherC. anyD. non

29、e 10. If you want to change for a double room, youll have to pay _ $15. A. anotherB. otherC. moreD. each 11. Why dont we take a little break? Didnt we just have _? A. itB. thatC. oneD. this 12. He was nearly drowned once. When was _? _ was in when he was in middle school. A. that; ItB. this; ThisC.

30、this; ItD. that; This 13. If this magazine is not yours, _ can it be? A. what elseB. who elseC. which elsesD. who elses 14. The rich get used to canned food, however, the food bank needs _ for the poor. A. moreB. muchC. manyD. most 15. Both Class 1 and Class 3 are in hard training; _ is willing to l

31、ose the football match. A. eitherB. neitherC. anotherD. the other 16. In fact _ is a difficult experience for the police to keep order in the Olympics. A. thisB. thatC. thereD. it 17. We bought a new car but _ will need a lot of work before we can use it. A. weB. itC. oneD. which 18. Can you go on J

32、une or July? Im afraid _ month is possible. A. eitherB. neitherC. someD. any【试题答案】15 ACCAC610 CCCCA1115 CADAB1618 DBA解析 1. A。everything与not连用，表示局部否认。句意：“我对你所说的话绝大局部都同意，但并非每一样事情我都同意。 2. C。第一句说明Sarah已经读了许多美国作家写的小说。第二句第一空表达她现在愿意读的另一些小说，但没有明确数目，所以应填some；Sarah要读的另一些小说，是除美国以外的其他国家的作家写的，因此第二空应填other.。 3. C

33、。all是主句主语，谓语是is going playing；all后接定语从句(that)you ever want to do。 4. A。hate后常接it when。这里形式宾语it = when people talk with their mouths full.。 5. C。由either Beijing or Tianjin知：which. = which of the two cities he comes from.。 6. C。此题考查指示代词that的用法。相对应的双方是few pleasures与 a cool drink 。应将few pleasures作为一个整体概

34、念来看待，表示单数。that指代few pleasures这一含义，后接of a cool drink, 表示“几乎没有任何一种快乐的事能够与热天喝冷饮相匹敌。因此不可选those。 7. C。neither专指“两者之中任何一个都不，接单数名词；either专指“两者之中任何一个都，接单数名词；both专指“两者都，接复数名词。根据I really dont mind我真的不介意，应选C，表示喝咖啡或茶哪一样都可以。 8. C。一块木板只有两面，故用onethe other的结构，专指“两者之中一个另一个。这里the other white = the other (side) should

35、 be painted white。 9. C。any表示“三者以上之中任何一个。 10. A。another后接数量词，表示“再，又。这里由15元的单人房间调换成30元的双人房间，应在原先已付15元的根底上再补交15元。more表示“额外的，多余的。 11. C。one可以指可数名词单数。这里one = a little break。 12. A。在疑问句中要用that指代上句He was nearly drowned once.，而this / it无此用法。第二空的it引起强调句型, school后省略了that he was nearly drowned once。 13. D。who

36、 else的所有格是who elses = whose else。 14. A。用more(=more food表示the poor对food的需求量要比目前canned food之数量多，两者进行比拟，要用比拟级。 15. B。neither专指“两者之中任何一个都不，接单数名词；either专指“两者之中任何一个都，接单数名词；both专指“两者都，接复数名词。 16. D。句型It is/ was + adj. / n.+ (for/ of sb.) to do (sth.)。形式主语it, 代后面的真正的主语不定式。 17. B。it指某物本身 one指可数名词单数，且名称相同的另一物或人。这里it = a new car。 18. A。neither专指“两者之中任何一个都不，接单数名词；either专指“两者之中任何一个都，接单数名词；both专指“两者都，接复数名词。根据possible可知，June 或July哪个月都有来的可能。