人教出版初二英语上册学习知识重点.doc

-/ 人教版初二英语上册知识点：Unit1—Unit3 　一.重点短语： 1.on weekends周末 2.on weekdays 工作日 3.as for 为了 4.my eating habits 我的饮食习惯 5.have a healthy lifestyle有健康的生活方式 6.the same as和什么一样 7.the result of ……的结果 8.junk food 垃圾食品 9 .get good grades 获得好成绩 10.see a dentist 看牙医 11.have a healthy habit 有健康的习惯12.be stressed out 筋疲力尽 13.a balanced diet 平衡的饮食 14.for example例如 15.at the moment在……的时候 16.be sorry to do sth 很遗憾做某事 17.go bike riding骑自行车 18.take walks=go for walk 散步 19.take a vacation 度假 20.plan to do sth计划做某事 21.western country 西方国家 22.take sth with sb 带着某物23.depend on依赖于，取决于 24.host family 主人家 25.hardly ever几乎不 26.ask sb about sth 询问某人关于某事27.get back to school返校 28.a balance of 关于……的平衡29.kind of有点 　二.考点归纳： 　考点1.want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事 　　His father wants him_____(become )an actor. 考点2.try 的用法: 1).try to do sth 尽力干某事 　　He tries ______(eat) lots of vegetables and fruit every day . 　　2).try not to do sth 尽力不干某事 　　We try______(not let) my teacher down. 　　3).try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力干某事 　　We should try our best ______ (study) all subjects. 　　4)词组: try on 试穿 have a try 试一试 考点3.although 的用法: 　　although /though 引导让步状语从句，“即使，虽然”，不能与but 连用，但可与yet, still 连用。 　　考点4.finish doing sth 结束干某事 　　I will finish______ (work )out the problem in another two minutes . 　　考点5.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地干某事 　　I can’t wait _____(open)the TV when I get home . 　　考点6.decide 的用法: 　　1).decide to do sth 决定干某事 　　2).decide not do sth 决定不干某事 　　3).decide on doing sth 决定干某事 　　4).同义词组: 　　make a decision to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth = decide to do sth 　　He has decided to leave for Wuhan .= 　　He has ______ a _____ to leave for Wuhan.= 　　He has ____up his_____ to leave for Wuhan 　考点7.plan to do sth 计划干某事 　　She is planning ______(take )a vacation in Shanghai next month . 　　考点8.think about doing sth 考虑干某事 　　He thought about ______(go ) to Beijing on vacation . 　　考点9.go + v-ing 的用法: 　　go fishing go boating go skating go shopping go hiking go skateboarding 　　考点10.句型: It’s + adj +for /of sb to do sth 　　同义句： 　　1).It’s +adj +for sb +to do sth = To do sth + be +adj 　　2).It’s +adj +of sb +to do sth = Sb +be +adj + to do sth 　　It is very friendly of you to help me .=_____ _____ friendly to help me . 　　It’s very hard for you to work out the math problem .= 　　______ _____ out the math problem is very hard for you . 人教版初二英语上册知识点：Unit4---Unit6 　一.重点短语： 1.take the subway坐地铁2.all over/around the world 全世界3.be different from不同于4.on the school bus坐校车 5.study for a test备考 6.go to the doctor=see a doctor 看医生7.have a piano lesson上钢琴课 8.the day after tomorrow后天 9.keep quiet /be quiet 安静10.come over to 过来11.be free=have time有时间 12.in some ways用某种方式 13.look the same 看起来一样14.in common 共同15.do the same things as sb.和某人做一样的事16.use sth to do sth 用某物做某事17.begin with 开始18.in one’s free time在某人空闲时间 19.the bus /train /subway station在车站、火车站、地下铁站 20.another time另外某个时间 21.means of transportation 交通方式22.all kinds of 各种各样23.depend on取决于 24.go to concert 去音乐会25.keep quiet 安静26.primary school小学 　　二.考点归纳： 　　考点1.有关交通工具的同义句： 1).take the train to … =go to …by trai take the bus to …= go to …by bus 　　2).fly to … = go to … by plane /air 　　 walk to …. = go to …on foot 　　 ride a bike to … = go to …. by bike 　　 My uncle went to New York last week . 　　 My uncle _____ _____ New York last week . 　　考点2.有关花费时间的句型： 　　1).It +takes +sb.+时间+to do sth 　　2).sb. +spend +时间+on sth (in doing sth ). 　　It took me half an hour to work it out . 　　I_____ half an hour ______ it out . 上一页 　考点3.表示两地相距有多远： 　　A +be +距离 +from +B = It’s +距离+from A+ to B. 　　It is five minutes’ walk from my home to school. = It ______ me five minutes to _____to school . 　　考点4.leave ,leave for , leave … for … 　　1).leave +地点 “离开某地” 　　2).leave for +地点 “前往某地”=go to +某地 　　3).leave +某地+for +某地 “离开某地前往某地” 　　Mr wang are going to Beijing tomorrow .= 　　Mr wang are _____ ______ Beijing tomorrow. 　　考点5.all …not = not all “并非都” 部分否定 　　注：not 与all /both /every ….. 连用构成部分否定。 　　Not all birds can fly . = _____ birds can fly , some can’t . 　　考点6.the number of / a number of 　　1).a number of 许多 = a lot of /many , 　　number 前可用large /small 来修饰，a large / 　　small number of ….. 作主语时，谓语用复数。 　　2).the number of ….的数量, 作主语时，谓语用单数。 　　A large number of tourists ______(come )to 　　Mountain Tai every year . 　　The number of the students in our class ____(be ) 60. 考点7.sick / ill 　　1).ill 用在系动词之后作表语。 　　2).sick 既可以放在系动词之后作表语也可放在名词之前作定语。 　　She was _______ because of hard work . 　　The _____ boy coughed terribly . 　　考点8.表示客气地请求某人干某事 　　1). Would you like to do sth ? 　　2).Could you please do sth ? 　　3).Will /Would you please do sth ? 　　4).Can you do sth ? 　　考点9.be busy 　　1). be busy with sth .忙于某事 　　2).be busy doing sth 忙于干某事 　　3).be busy 的反义词组 be free / have time 　　I am busy tomorrow .= I _____ _____ = I ______ ______ time . 　　考点10.whole / all 　　1).whole 一般置于冠词，物主代词或其他限定词之后， all 位于限定词之前。 　　2).一般不修饰不可数名词，all 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。 　　He stayed at home all the afternoon .= 　　He stayed at home ______ _____ afternoon. 　考点11.however / but 　　however “然而，可是”用于句首或句中，须用逗号隔开。而but 不用逗号隔开。 　　He is very busy ,_____, he always helps me . 　　A. and B. / C. but D. however 　　考点12.most of / most 　　1).most of the +复数名词 “…..中的大多数” 　　2).most +复数名词 “大多数的…….” 　　_____ the students are clever . 　　______students are clever. 　　考点13.beat / win /lose 　　1).beat:打败 后面接打败的人或对象 beat sb 　　2).win:赢 后面接比赛的项目(race , game , match , prize …..) 　　3).lose:输 lose to sb 输给某人lose sth 输了某物 　　Their team beat ours = Their team ______ the match . = Our team ______ _____ theirs. 　　考点14.do you think 作为插入语 　　1).位置：放在疑问词之后 　　2).语序：后面的句子用陈述句语序。 　　Do you think ? Who is the man over there ?= 　　_____ do you think the man _____ over there ? 　　考点15.常见的不可数名词： 　　weather work food news advice information fun music paper 　　______ weather ! we are going to the park . 　　A. What a good B.What good C. How a good D. How good 　　考点16.afford 　　1).afford 常与情态动词can , can’t , could , couldn’t 连用 　　2).afford 后面接名词或代词不定时。 　　3).同义句：can’t afford to do sth = sb don’t /doesn’t have enough money to do sth . 　　The book is very expensive ,I can’t afford to buy it .= I don’t have _____ _____ to buy it . 　　考点17.listen to /hear /sound 　　1).listen to …仔细倾听 强调听的过程 　　2).hear … 听到、听见 强调听的结果 　　3).sound …. 系动词 “听起来…….” 后面接形容词 而sound like +名词 　　I _______ her but could ______ nothing . 　　It ______ interesting . 　　考点18.句型：not as ….as 　　1).not as… as 之间要用原级 　　2).同义句：A + not as/so…as +B= 　　A + 形容词的反义词的比较级 + than + B 　　= B + 形容词的比较级 + than +A 　　Tom is not as tall as I = 　　Tom is _____ ______ I. 　　I am ______ _____ Tom . 　　This book is not as expensive as that one .= 　　This book is ______ ______ than that one . 　　That book is ______ ______ than this book . 人教版初二英语上册知识点：Unit7---Unit9 　　一.重点短语： 　　1.turn on/ off /up/ down 2.cut up 3.mix up4.pour…into… 5.add… to… 6.hang out 7.watch a dolphin show 8.at the end of 9.take a class/ have a class 10.sleep late 11.go for a drive 12.on my next off 13.in my opinion 14.in the future 15.free time 16.be born 17.ice skating18.a piece of music 19.win first prize 20.major in 21.one teaspoon of 22.a slice of 23.take a photo/photos 24.get one’s autograph 25.have a yard sale26.get wet 27.have a party 28.at the age of 29.because of 30.at the same time 　　二.考点归纳： 　　考点1.finally 的同义词组： 　　finally = at last = in the end 　　Finally he came up with an idea .= 　　_____ _____ he came up with an idea .= 　　_____ ____ _____ he came up with an idea. 　　考点2.turn on / open 的区别： 　　1.turn on ：指打开水流，煤气，电灯，电视，收音机等电器的开关。 　　2.open：指关着的门，窗，箱子打开。 　　Please _____ the door. 　　The boy _____ the computer to play games last night . 　考点3.into/ in 的区别： 　　1.into表示 “到……里面去”，进入到……某空间里。属于动态介词。 　　2.in表示 “在……里面”，在某一空间或范围之内。属于静态介词。 　　There is nothing _____ the blender . 　　He put his books ______his backpack and left. 　　考点4.too…to…的同义句： 　　too…to…= not…enough to … = so…that… 　　He is so young that he can’t go to school .= 　　He isn’t _____ ____ to go school .= 　　He is _____ young _____ go to school . 　　The box is too heavy for us to carry . 　　The box isn’t _____ _____ to carry = 　　The box is ____ heavy ____ we ____ carry it . 　　考点5.called 的同义句： 　　called = named = with the name (of) 　　Do you know the girl called Kate ?= 　　Do you know the girl ______Kate ?= 　　Do you know the girl _____ _____ _____ (of)Kate ? 考点6.see sb do sth 、see sb doing sth的区别 　　1.see sb do sth :看见某人做了某事 　　2.see sb doing sth .看见某人正在做某事 　　The teacher saw the students _______(read) English when he came in . 　　Look!Can you see the girl _____(dance) under the tree ? 　　注：类似的动词有：hear ,watch ,notice 等。省to的不定式变被动语态时，需带上to 　　I often notice him go home alone .------ 　　He is noticed _____ _____ home alone. 　　考点7.at the age of 的同义句： 　　at the age of = when sb was/ were …. 　　He began to learn English when he was four.= 　　He began to learn English ____ ____ ____ ______ four. 　　考点8.take part in / join 的区别： 　　1.take part in 表示参加某项活动，运动，事件等。着重强调以主人翁的姿态或在活动中负有责任而参加。 　　2.join表示加入组织，团体，党派而成为其中一员。 　　注：join sb in …. 表示“参与某人的活动之中” 　　He ______ the Party in 1987. 　　Can you come and _____us in the game ? 　　Twenty students from our class _________ 　　the sports meeting last week. 考点9.句型： 　　Sb +be the first /last one (person) +to do sth 　　某人是第一个或最后一个干某事 　　Women and children are the first _______(take)to safety . 　　考点10.because / because of 的区别： 　　1.because 后面接从句(除what 从句之外)。 　　2.because of 后面接名词、代词、名词性短语、what从句。 　　He didn’t go to the party because he was ill. 　　He didn’t go to the party ____ _____ his ____. 　　She was very angry ______what you said . 　　A. because B. because of C./ D. with 　　考点11.keep的用法： 　　1.keep +adj 表示保持某种状态 　　Keep ______ , The baby is sleeping . 　　2.keep +sb/sth +adj 表示使某人保持某种状态 　　We must keep our classroom ______ . 　　3.keep doing sth . 表示不间断地持续做某事或一直做某事。 　　It kept _______(rain) all night . 4.keep on doing sth 表示反复做某事。 　　He kept on _______(make)the same mistakes. 　　5.keep +sb +doing sth 表示让某人一直做某事。 　　He kept us _______ (wait )for an hour . 　　6.keep +sb from +doing sth 表示阻止某人干某事。= stop sb (from )doing sth = prevend sb (from )doing sth . 　　Because of the heavy rain , we could go to school.= The heavy rain ______ us from ____to school. 　　考点12.visit 的用法： 　　1.词性转换：visit -------visitor 　　There are many _______(visit )in the park on May’s Day . 　　2.词组1).be on a visit to +某地 = visit +某地 　　2).one’s first visit to +某地 表示某人第一次参观某地 　　He is visiting China .= He is _____ _____ ______ to China. 　　This is my first visit to Beijing . 　　注：travel to +某地 　　Have you traveled to Shanghai ? 　　考点13.alive / living 的区别： 　　1.alive指活的、现存的、有活力的。常作表语，也可放在名词或代词之后作后置定语。 　　2.living指活着的、现行的、现存的。可作表语，也可放在名词前作定语。 　　He thinks he is the happiest man ______. 　　The ______people must remember the dead. 人教版初二英语上册知识点：Unit10---Unit12 　　一.重点短语： 　　1.grow up 成长 长大2.somewhere interesting有趣的地方 3.a year or two / one or two years一两年　4.make money 挣钱5.save money 存钱6.more than = over超过 7.play sports做运动 8.keep fit保持健康　9.communicate with … 和……交流10.take out 拿出来11.do the dishes洗碗 12.do chores 13.do the laundry 洗衣服14.make the bed整理辈子 15.living room起居室 16.get a ride = get sb a ride搭便车 17.go to a meeting = have a meeting开会 18.work on从事于 19.take sb for a walk 带某人去散步20.close to / near to 离……很近21.in town /in the country /in the city 在镇上，在乡村，在城市里22.do a survey of做调查 23.the price of 什么的价格24.computer programmer电脑编程25.take acting lesson上表演课 26.a part-time job兼职 27.play an instrument玩乐器28.New Year’s resolution 新年的改革制度29.sweep the froor扫地30.fold your clothes折叠衣服 31.have a good quality clothes好质量衣服 　　二.考点归纳： 　　考点1.exercise 的用法： 　　1.作名词讲：1).作“运动、训练、锻炼”讲，为不可数名词。 　　2).作“练习、习题、体操(常用复数形式)”讲，为可数名词。 　　You should take more ______ and drink more water. 　　We do morning ______ every day ,but we don’t do eye ______ . 　　2.作动词讲：锻炼、运动 　　The old man always ________(exercise )every day. 考点2.borrow/ lend /keep 的区别： 　　1.borrow :对主语而言，表示“借进” 　　词组：borrow sb sth = borrow sth from sb 　　2.lend: 对主语而言，表示“借出” 　　词组：lend sb sth = lend sth to sb 　　3.keep: 借多长时间 　　词组：keep +sth +for +一段时间 　　注：borrow / lend 的延续性动词是：keep 　　May I _____ them _____ you ?= 　　Could you ______ them ______ me ? 　　How long can I ______ the book ? 　　A.lend B.borrow C.keep 　　考点3.ask的用法： 　　1.ask sb for sth :向某人要某物 　　I often ask my teacher for help . 　　2.ask sb about sth . 向某人询问某事。 　　May I ask you about the accident ? 　　3.ask sb sth . 问某人某物 　　May I ask you some questions ? 　　4.ask sb to do sth .叫某人干某事 　　-----ask sb not do sth 　　My father often asks me ______(not play) the computer. 考点4.price的用法： 　　1.price的修饰词为high/ low. 　　注：价格有高低，物品有贵贱，花费有多少。 　　The trousers are expensive .= The price of the trousers ______ ______ .= The trousers ______me ______. 　　2.询问价格的句型： 　　What’s the price of …..? 　　How much is /are …..? 　　How much does it cost ? 　　考点5.enough的用法： 　　enough修饰名词时,可置于名词前面或后面。修饰形容词或副词时，只可放在形容词或副词的后面。 　　I have enough money /money enough to buy the book.= I _____ ____ to buy the book. 　　He is so tall that he can reach the apple . 　　He is _____ _____ to reach the apple . 　　考点6.英语中的惯用法： 　　在英语中，时间、距离、钱作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 　　Three years _____(be)not a long time . 　　Three hundred yuan a night _____(be) expen- -sive. 考点7.invite的用法： 　　1.词性转换：invite----- 名词 invitation 　　Thanks for your _______(invite ) 　　2.invite sb to…. 邀请某人参加….. 　　3.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人干某事 　　Can I invite you ______(play )basketball with me? 　　考点8.feed的用法： 　　1.feed +sb /sth . 喂某人/某东西 　　Can you feed my cat while I am away ? 　　2.feed sth to sb/ sth 把某东西喂给某人或某物 　　I feed a bottle of milk to the baby every day. 　　3.feed on … 以……为主食。 　　People feed on rice . 　　4.be fed up with …… 厌倦……. . 　　I am fed up with the life of the city . 　　考点9.send 的用法： 　　1.send sb sth = send sth to sb 把某物送给某人 　　He sent me a postcard yesterday. = 　　He sent a postcard _____ _____ yesterday. 　　2.词组： 　　1).send for sb 派人去请某人来 = ask sb to come 　　His mother was badly ill .please send for a doctor .= 　　His mother was badly ill .please _____ a doctor _____ _____ . 　　2).send up 发射、往上送 　　3).send away 开除、撵走 　考点10.save的用法： 　　1.储存、储蓄 　　We are saving money for a car. 　　2.挽救、援救 　　The doctor saved the patient’s life. 　　3.节约、节省 　　They saved much time in their work . 　　4.词组：save one’s life save time 　　考点11.cloth / clothes / clothing 的区别： 　　1.cloth作不可数名词，指布料、织物。作可数名词，指一块布，尤指一块抹布。 　　2.clothes只有复数形式，泛指穿着的衣服。 　　3.clothing为集合名词，指服装。比clothes 意思更广泛，包括鞋子、帽子等。 　　I need an old _____ to wash the car . 　　The woman wears fashionable _______. 　　China’s ______ industry(工业)is famous around the world