医学英语普通词汇资料.doc

-! 西医篇： 1、医院部门及科室名称 2、医务人员名称 3、诊断和治疗常用词汇 4、常见疾病名称 5、常见手术名称 6、常用药物名称 7、常用护理术语 8、常用临床医学术语 9、医疗器材 10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀 11、主要人体系统名称 12、医院类型名称 13、医学词汇 14、医学常用字首与字根 1.医院部门及科室名称 out-patient department 门诊部 In-patient department 住院部 Nursing department 护理部 Admission office 住院处 Discharge office 出院处 Registration office 挂号处 Reception room, waiting room 侯诊室 Consultation room 诊察室 Isolation room 隔离室 Delivery room 分娩室 Emergency room 急诊室 Ward 病房室 Department of internal medicine 内科 Department of surgery 外科 Department of pediatrics 儿科 Department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇科 Department of neurology 神经科 Department of ophtalmology 眼科 E.N.T.department 耳鼻喉科 Department of stomatology 口腔科 Department of urology 泌尿科 Department of orthopedic 骨科 Department of traumatology 创伤科 Department of endocrinology 内分泌科 Department of anesthesiology 麻醉科 Department of dermatology 皮肤科 Department of infectious diseases 传染病科 Department of pathology 病理科 Department of psychiatry 精神科 Department of orthopacdic surgery 矫形外科 Department of cardiac surgery 心脏外科 Department of cerebral surgery 脑外科 Department of thoracic surgery 胸外科 Pharmacy dispensary 药房 Nutrition department 营养部 Diet-preparation department 配膳室 Therapeutic department 治疗室 Operating room/Theater 手术室 Blood-bank 血站 Supply-room 供应室 Disinfection-room 消毒室 Dressing room 换药室 Mortuary 太平间 Record room 病案室 Department of plastic surgery 矫形外科 Department of physiotherapy 理疗科 electrotherapy room 电疗科 heliotherapy room 光疗科 wax-therapy room 蜡疗科 hydrotherapy room 水疗科 central laboratory 中心实验室 clinical laboratory 临床实验室 bacteriological laboratory 细菌实验室 biochemical laboratory 生化实验室 serological laboratory 血清实验室 X-ray room X光室 doctor’s office 医生办公室 nurse’s office 护士办公室 2.医务人员名称 director of the hospital 院长 physician 内科医师 chief physician 主任医师 associate chief physician 副主任医师 attending doctor 主治医师 resident doctor 住院医师 intern doctor 实习医师 general practitioner 全科医师 specialist 专科医师 head of the nursing department 护理部主任 Head nurse 护士长 Student nurse 实习护士 E.N.T.doctor 耳鼻喉科医师 Ophthalmologist 眼科医师 Dentist 牙科医师 Orthopedist 骨科医师 Dermatologist 皮肤科医师 urologist surgeon 泌尿外科医师 neurosurgeon 神经外科医师 plastic surgeon 矫形外科医师 anaesthetist 麻醉科医师 Doctor for tuberculosis 结核科医师 Physiotherapist 理疗科 Doctor for infectious diseases 传染病科 Dietician 营养科医师 Pediatrician 儿科医师 Obstetrician 产科医师 Midwife 助产师 Gynecologist 妇科医师 Radiologist 放射科医师 Epidemiologist 流行病医师 Pharmacist 药剂医师 Assistant pharmacist 药剂医士 Laboratory technician 化验员 Assistant nurse 卫生员 Cleaner 清洁员 Controller 总务科长 Registrar 挂号员 Sanitation worker 消毒员 3.诊断和治疗常用词汇 inspection 望诊 inquiry 问诊 auscultation 听诊 percussion 扣诊 palpation 触诊 biopsy 活组织检查 pathological section 病理切片 endoscopy 内窥镜检查 ECG(electrocardiogram) examination 心电图检查 EEG(electrocardiogram) examination 脑电图检查 Intravenous pyelography 静脉肾盂造影术 Skin-test 皮肤试验 examination by centesis 穿刺检查 routine analysis of blood 血常规分析 urine analysis of blood 尿常规分析 red blood cell count(RBC) 红细胞计数 white blood cell count(WBC) 白细胞计数 general check-up 全身检查 routine examination 常规检查 follow-up examination 随访检查 consultation 会诊 emergency 急诊 diagnosis 诊断 prognosis 预后 convalescence, recovery 康复 relapse 复发 treatment 治疗 prescribe 开药方 fill a prescription 配药 injecting 打针 hypodermic injection 皮下注射 intramuscular injection 肌肉注射 intravenous injection 静脉注射 inoculating 预防注射 fluid infusion 点滴注射 blood transfusion 输血 dose 剂量 tablet 药片 capsule 胶囊 liquid medicine 药水 powder 药粉 ointment 药膏（软膏） plaster 硬膏，石膏 lotion 洗剂 suppository 栓剂 analgesics 止痛药 antipyetics 退烧药 antitussive 止咳药 expectorant 祛痰药 diuretics 利尿药 hemostatic 止血药 antidiarrheal 止泄药 antipruritic 止痒药 antidote 解毒药 antirheumatic 抗风湿药 anticarcinogen 抗癌药 antibiotics 抗菌素 anticoagulant 抗凝剂 cardiac tonic 强心药 vasodilator 血管舒张药 vasoconstrictor 血管收缩药 antiepileptic 抗癫痫药 antispasmodic 解痉药 sedative 镇静药 anesthetics 麻醉药 penicillin 盘尼西林 streptomycin 链霉素 gentamycin 庆大霉素 aspirin 阿斯匹林 morphine 吗啡 dolantin 杜冷丁 iodine 碘酒 distilled water 蒸馏水 normal saline solution 生理食盐水 atropine 阿托品 hormone 激素 glucose 葡萄糖 side effect, adverse effect 副作用 operative treatment 手术疗法 major operation 大手术 minor operation 小手术 anesthesia 麻醉 general anesthesia 全身麻醉 local anesthesia 局部麻醉 excision, removal, resection 切除术 tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术 thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术 pneumonectomy 肺切除术 mastectomy 乳房切除术 gastrectomy 胃切除术 cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术 hepalobectomy 肝叶切除术 splenectomy 脾切除术 nephrectomy 肾切除术 salpingectomy 输卵管切除术 hysterectomy 子宫切除术 hysteromyomectomy 子宫肌瘤切除术 proctectomy 直肠切除术 appendectomy 阑尾切除术 prostatectomy 前列腺切除术 tracheotomy 气管切开术 incision of abscess 脓肿切开术 craniotomy 颅骨切开 thoracotomy 胸廓切开 laparotomy 剖腹术 amputation 截肢 fixation 固定 hot compress 热敷 cold compress 冷敷 gastric lavage 洗胃 enema 灌肠 urethral catheterication 导尿 hemostasis 止血 dressing 包扎 sew up the incision 缝合切口 remove the stitches 拆线 cardiac massage 心脏按摩 artificial respiration 人工呼吸 diet 饮食 special diet 特定饮食 low protein diet 低蛋白饮食 low fat diet 低脂肪饮食 low calorie diet 低热量饮食 liquid diet 流质饮食 semi-liquid diet 半流质饮食 solid diet 固体饮食 light diet 易消化的饮食 vegetable diet 素食 4.常见疾病名称 Internal Medicine 内科 Acidosis 酸中毒 Adams-Stokes syndrome 亚－斯氏综合症 alcoholism, alcoholic intoxication 酒精中毒 alkalosis 碱中毒 anaphylaxis 过敏症 anemia 贫血 iron deficiency anemia 缺铁性贫血 megaloblastic anemia 巨幼红细胞性贫血 aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血 angiitis 脉管炎 angina pectoris 心绞痛 arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化 apoplexy 中风 auricular fibrillation 心房纤颤 auriculo-ventricular block 房室传导阻滞 bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘 bronchitis 支气管炎 bronchiectasis 支气管扩张 bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎 carcinoma 癌 cardiac arrhythmia 心律紊乱 cardiac failure 心力衰竭 cardiomyopathy 心肌病 cirrhosis 肝硬化 coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉硬化性心脏病 Crohn disease 克罗恩病 Cushing’s syndrome 库欣综合症 diabetes 糖尿病 diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管凝血 dysentery 痢疾 enteritis 肠炎 gastric ulcer 胃溃疡 gastritis 胃炎 gout 痛风 hepatitis 肝炎 Hodgkin’s disease 霍奇金病 hyperlipemia 高脂血症，血脂过多 hyperparathyroidism 甲状旁腺功能亢进 hypersplenism 脾功能亢进 hypertension 高血压 hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进 hypoglycemia 低血糖 hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退 infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜炎 influenza 流感 leukemia 白血病 lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎 lymphadenitis 淋巴结炎 lymphoma 淋巴瘤 malaria 疟疾 malnutrition 营养不良 measles 麻疹 myeloma 骨髓瘤 myocardial infarction 心肌梗死 myocarditis 心肌炎 nephritis 肾炎 nephritic syndrome 肾综合症 obstructive pulmonary emphysema 阻塞性肺气肿 pancreatitis 胰腺炎 peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡 peritonitis 腹膜炎 pleuritis 胸膜炎 pneumonia 肺炎 pneumothorax 气胸 purpura 紫癜 allergic purpura 过敏性紫癜 thrombocytolytic purpura 血小板减少性紫癜 pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎 renal failure 肾功能衰竭 rheumatic fever 风湿病 rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎 scarlet fever 猩红热 septicemia 败血症 syphilis 梅毒 tachycardia 心动过速 tumour 肿瘤 typhoid 伤寒 ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎 upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage 上消化道血 Neurology 神经科 brain abscess 脑脓肿 cerebral embolism 脑栓塞 cerebral infarction 脑梗死 cerebral thrombosis 脑血栓 cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血 concussion of brain 脑震荡 craniocerebral injury 颅脑损伤 epilepsy 癫痫 intracranial tumour 颅内肿瘤 intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿 meningitis 脑膜炎 migraine 偏头痛 neurasthenia 神经衰弱 neurosis 神经官能症 paranoid psychosis 偏执性精神病 Parkinson’s disease 帕金森综合症 psychosis 精神病 schizophrenia 精神分裂症 Surgery 外科 abdominal external hernia 腹外疝 acute diffuse peritonitis 急性弥漫性腹膜炎 acute mastitis 急性乳腺炎 acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎 acute perforation of gastro-duodenal ulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔 acute pyelonephritis 急性肾盂肾炎 anal fissure 肛裂 anal fistula 肛瘘 anesthesia 麻醉 angioma 血管瘤 appendicitis 阑尾炎 bleeding of gastro-duodenal ulcer 胃十二指肠溃疡出血 bone tumour 骨肿瘤 breast adenoma 乳房腺瘤 burn 烧伤 cancer of breast 乳腺癌 carbuncle 痈 carcinoma of colon 结肠炎 carcinoma of esophagus 食管癌 carcinoma of gallbladder 胆囊癌 carcinoma of rectum 直肠癌 carcinoma of stomach 胃癌 cholecystitis 胆囊炎 cervical spondylosis 颈椎病 choledochitis 胆管炎 cholelithiasis 胆石症 chondroma 软骨瘤 dislocation of joint 关节脱位 erysipelas 丹毒 fracture 骨折 furuncle 疖 hemorrhoid 痔 hemothorax 血胸 hypertrophy of prostate 前列腺肥大 intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻 intestinal tuberculosis 肠结核 lipoma 脂肪瘤 lithangiuria 尿路结石 liver abscess 肝脓肿 melanoma 黑色素瘤 osseous tuberculosis 骨结核 osteoclastoma 骨巨细胞瘤 osteoporosis 骨质疏松症 osteosarcoma 骨质疏松症 osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤 Paget’s disease 佩吉特病 perianorecrtal abscess 肛管直肠周围脓肿 phlegmon 蜂窝织炎 portal hypertension 门静脉高压 prostatitis 前列腺炎 protrusion of intervertebral disc 椎间盘突出 purulent arthritis 化脓性关节炎 pyogenic ostcomyclitis 化脓性骨髓炎 pyothorax 脓胸 rectal polyp 直肠息肉 rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎 rupture of spleen 脾破裂 scapulohumeral periarthritis 肩周炎 tenosynovitis 腱鞘炎 tetanus 破伤风 thromboangiitis 血栓性脉管炎 thyroid adenocarcinoma 甲状腺腺癌 thyroid adenoma 甲状腺腺瘤 trauma 创伤 urinary infection 泌尿系感染 varicose vein of lower limb 下肢静脉曲张 Paediatrics 儿科 acute military tuberculosis of the lung 急性粟粒性肺结核 acute necrotic enteritis 急性坏死性结肠炎 anaphylactic purpura 过敏性紫癜 ancylostomiasis 钩虫病 ascariasis 蛔虫病 asphyxia of the newborn 新生儿窒息 atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损 birth injury 产伤 cephalhematoma 头颅血肿 cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪 congenital torticollis 先天性斜颈 convulsion 惊厥 Down’s syndrome 唐氏综合症 glomerulonephritis 肾小球肾炎 hemophilia 血友病 infantile diarrhea 婴儿腹泻 intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn 新生儿颅内出血 intussusception 肠套叠 necrotic enterocolitis of newborn 新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎 neonatal jaundice 新生儿黄疸 nutritional iron deficiency anemia 营养性缺铁性贫血 nutritional megaloblastic anemia 营养性巨幼细胞性贫血 patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭 poliomyelitis 骨髓灰质炎 premature infant 早产儿 primary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核 progressive muscular dystrophy 进行性肌肉营养不良 pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉狭窄 purulent meningitis 化脓性脑膜炎 rickets 佝偻病 sepsis of the newborn 新生儿败血症 tetanus of the newborn 新生儿破伤风 tetralogy of Fallot 法洛四联症 thrush 鹅口疮，真菌性口炎 varicella 水痘 ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损 viral encephalitis 病毒性脑炎 viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎 Gynecology and Obstetrics 妇，产科 abortion 流产 adenomyosis 子宫内膜异位症 amniotic fluid embolism 羊水栓塞 Bartholin’s cyst 巴氏腺囊肿 carcinoma of cervix 子宫颈癌 carcinoma of endometrium 子宫内膜癌 carcinoma of ovary 卵巢癌 cervicitis 宫颈炎 chorio-epithelioma 绒毛膜上皮癌 corpora luteum cyst 黄体囊肿 dystocia 难产 eclampsia 子痫 edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome 水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征（妊娠高血压综合征） endometriosis 子宫内膜异位症 extrauterine pregnancy 子宫外孕 hydatidiform mole 葡萄胎 hyperemesis gravidarum 妊娠剧吐 infertility 不育症 irregular menstruation 月经失调 lochia 恶露 monilial vaginitis 念珠菌性阴道炎 multiple pregnancy 多胎妊娠 myoma of uterus 子宫肿瘤 oligohydramnios 羊水过少 ovarian tumour 卵巢肿瘤 pelvic inflammatory disease 盆腔炎 placenta previa 前置胎盘 placental abruption 胎盘早期剥离 pregnancy-hypertension syndrome 妊娠高血压综合症 premature birth 早产 premature rupture of membrane 胎膜早破 postpartum hemorrhage 产后出血 puerperal infection 产褥感染 rupture of uterus 子宫破裂 trichomonas vaginitis 滴虫性阴道炎 uteroplacental apoplexy 子宫胎盘卒中 vulvitis 外阴炎 Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology 五官科 amblyopia 弱视 amygdalitis, tonsillitis 扁桃体炎 astigmatism 散光 carcinoma of nasopharynx鼻咽癌 carcinoma of larynx 喉癌 cataract 白内障 tinnitus 耳鸣 chalazion 霰粒肿，脸板腺囊肿 colour blindness 色盲 deflection of nasal septum 鼻中隔偏曲 deafness 聋 furuncle of nasalvestibule 鼻前庭疖 glaucoma 青光眼 heterotropia 斜视 hyperopia 远视 injury of cornea 角膜损伤 ceruminal impaction 耵聍嵌塞 iritis 虹膜炎 keratitis 角膜炎 labyrinthitis 迷路炎， 内耳炎 laryngitis 喉炎 mastoiditis 乳突炎 myopia 近视 nasal sinusitis 鼻窦炎 otitis media 中耳炎 obstruction of larynx 喉梗阻 peritonsillar abscess 扁桃体中脓肿 pharyngitis 咽炎 rhinitis 鼻炎 Dermatoloty 皮科 acne 痤疮 carcinoma of skin 皮肤癌 bed sore 褥疮 decubitus ulcer 褥疮性溃疡 drug eruption 药皮疹 eczema 湿疹 herpes simplex 单纯疱疹 herpes zoster 带状疱疹 lupus erythematosis 红斑狼疮 psoriasis 牛皮癣 urticaria 荨麻疹 wart 疣 5.常见手术名称 General Sugery 普外 appendectomy (appendicectomy) 阑尾切除术 cholecystectmy 胆囊切除术 cholecystostomy 胆囊造口术 drainage of the abscess 脓肿引流 enterostomy 肠造口术 exploratory laparotomy 开腹探查术 gastrectomy 胃切除术 gastroduodenostomy 胃十二指肠吻合术 hemorrhoidectomy 痔切除术 hepaticotomy 肝管切开术 hepatectomy 肝切除术 herniorrhaphy 疝修补术 ligation of lower oesophageal veins 低位食管静脉结扎 pancreatectomy 胰切除术 portal vena cava anastomosis 门腔静脉吻合术 pyloroplasty 幽门成形术 mastectomy 乳房切除术 splenectomy 脾切除术 thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术 thyroid lobectomy 甲状腺叶切除术 vagotomy 迷走神经切断术 Orthopedics 骨科 amputation 截肢 arthrodesis 关节固定术 curettage if bone tumor 骨瘤刮除术 excision of bone tumor 骨瘤切除术 external fixation 外固定 fasciotomy 筋膜切开术 free skin graft 自由皮瓣移植 internal fixation 内固定 plaster cast 石膏管形 plaster splintage 石膏夹板固定 prosthetic replacement for joint 人工关节置换术 reduction of fracture 骨折复位 reduction of joint dislocation 关节脱位复位 repair if ligament 韧带修补 replantation if digit断指再植 skeletal traction 骨牵引 tenorrhaphy 腱缝合术 Thoracic Surgery 胸外科 aortocoronary bypass 主动脉冠状动脉分流 closed drainage of pleural cavity 胸腔闭式引流 complete intracardiac repair of Fallot’s Tetralogy 法洛完全修复术 dilation of aortic valular stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术 exploratory thoracotomy 开胸探查 heart transplantation 心脏移植 heart valve replacement 心脏瓣膜置换术 ligation of patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭结扎术 lobectomy of lungs 肺叶切除 local excision of tumor of lungs 肺肿瘤局部切除术 parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus 食管部分切除、重建 repair of auricular septal defect 房间隔缺损修补术 repair if ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损修补术 repair if valvular insufficiency 瓣膜闭锁不全的修补 pericardiectomy 心包切除术 peicardiotomy 心包切开术 pulmonary embolectomy 肺动脉栓子切除术 resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术 Urology 泌尿科 cystoplasty 膀胱成形术 cystostomy 膀胱造口术 nephrectomy 肾切除术 nephrostomy肾造口术 nephrolithotomy肾石切除术 orchiectomy睾丸切除术 prostatectomy前列腺切除术 renal biopsy肾活检 renal transplantation肾移植 urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除 urethroplasty 尿道成形术 vasoligation 输精管结扎术 Neurosurgery 神经外科 decompression 减压术 excision of brain tumor 脑瘤切除术 exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术 lobectomy （脑）叶切除术 removed of intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿清除术 repair of dura defect 硬脑膜缺损修补术 Dentistry 牙科 dental prosthetics 镶牙 filling 牙填充 orthodontic treatment 牙矫正术 periodontal treatment 牙周治疗 tooth extraction 拔牙 Gynecology & Obstetrics 妇产科 amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术 cervicectomy 子宫颈切除术 cesarean section 剖宫产术剖腹产 culdocentesis 后穹隆穿刺术 dilatation of the cervix 宫颈扩张术 excision of Bartholin cyst 巴氏腺囊肿切除术 hysterectomy 子宫切除术 induction of labor 引产术 ovarian cystectomy 助产术 oophorectomy 卵巢切除术 salpingectomy 输卵管切除术 sterilization 绝育术 uterine curetlage 刮宫术 vulvectomy 外阴切除术 Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology 五官科 aspiration of cataract 白内障吸出术 closed reduction of nasal bone 鼻骨闭合复位 corneal grafting 角膜移植 enucleation of eyeball 眼球摘除术 excision of turbinates 鼻甲切除术 extraction of intra-ocular foreign body 眼内异物摘除 laryngectomy and laryngostomy 喉切除术和喉造口术 lens extraction 晶体摘除 mastoidectomy 乳突切开术 myringotomy 鼓膜切开术 myringoplasty 鼓膜成形术 nasal polypectomy 鼻息肉切除术 septoplasty （鼻）中隔成形术 sinusotomy 鼻窦切开术 submuscous resection of nasal septum 鼻中隔粘膜下切除术 tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术 tympanoplasty 鼓室成形术 6.常用药物名称 Antibiotics 抗生素 albomycin 白霉素 ampicillin 氨苄青霉素 berberine 黄连素 car