倒装句讲解与练习进步(高级中学带标准答案解析).doc

^` 倒装句讲解与练习 一、什么是倒装句？ 英语的基本句型是：主语 + 谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换, 则称为倒装句。 倒装句分为：完全倒装句和半倒装句。 二、倒装句的用法 （一）完全倒装: 主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词, 叫全倒装。全倒装有以下二种情况： 1、当here, there, out, in, up, down等副词放在句首时, 句子需全倒装: There goes the bell! 铃响了！ There lived an old man. Here comes the bus. 注意:①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词, 像go, come, mush等。 ②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Away he went. 他走远了。 2、表示地点方位的词或短语放在句首时, 句子需全倒装.。如: In front of the house stopped a police car. Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island. Under the tree sat a boy. （二）半倒装: 主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装, 有以下数种情况： 1．表示否定意义的词如 little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely, seldom等放在句首时, 句子用半倒装, 例如： Never shall I forget you. At no time was the man aware of what was happening. Little did I understand what he said to me at that time. 2、 几对并列连词如not only…but also, hardly… when， no sooner…than等连接两个并列句, 连词在句首时, 前句半倒装, 后句不倒装。例如： Not only was everything he had taker away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away. No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started. 注意:① not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不需倒装, 如： Not only you but also I like playing chess. ②neither…nor在句首时, 前后两句都需倒装, 如： Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband. 3、only放在句首强调状语时, 主句用半倒装。例如： Only then did I realize that I was wrong. Only in this way can I learn from my fault. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get back to work. 注意: only强调主语不倒装: 如Only the teachers can use the room. 4、so…that句型, so放在句首时, 主句用倒装结构, that从句不用倒装。例如： So easy is it that a child can learn it. So hard did he work that he finally won the fame. I saw the film, so did he. 5. 省略了if的虚拟条件句用倒装结构。例如： HadIbeen informed earlier, I could have done something. （原句：If I had been informed earlier, I could have done something.） Were she here, she would support the motion. (原句：If she were here, she would support the motion.) 倒装句练习题 1.His mother had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching TV, but ＿＿＿＿. A. a little did he hear B. little did he hear C. little heard he D. a little heard he 2. —— Hello, Zhu Hua. I’ll have to return to Canada because I’ve worked here for a year. —— ＿＿＿＿＿! A. What time flies B. How time flies C. What does time fly D. How does time fly 3.During the war, ＿＿＿＿but also he lost his wife and his child. A. not was his job in the lab taken away B. not only was his job in the lab taken away C. not merely his job in the lab was taken away D. not just was taken away his job in the lab 4.—— We have to stop talking here outside. Listen,＿＿＿＿＿!—— Hurry up, or we’ll be late. A. There goes the bellB. There does the bell go C. There the bell goes D. Goes the bell there 5. I think this is the first time that we have met.＿＿＿anywhere. A. Before have we never seen each other B. Never before we have seen each other C. Each other have we seen never before D. Never before have we seen each other 6.＿＿＿! You should take this chance to attend it. A. How important conference is it B. How an important conference it is C. What an important conference is it D. What an important conference it is 7. She didn’t come to the party last Sunday.＿＿＿,she must have made the party more exciting. A. If she came B. Would she come C. Had she come D. Did she come 8.They finally managed to climb to the top, but ＿＿then. A. went the children down the hill B. down the hill did the children go C. down the hill went the children D. down the hill the children went 9. I received his mother’s telephone call at eleven. __________that he was badly hurt in an accident yesterday. A. Then did I know B. Only then I knew C. Only then did I know D. Only then knew I 10. —— What sport do you like best? —— Springboard diving(跳板跳水).＿＿＿ to dive into water from high board! A. What a fun is it B. How fun it is C. How a fun is it D. What fun it is 11.—— The old man wouldn’t stay at home for a rest even if it rained. —— ＿＿＿＿.He would feel sick if he stayed home for one day. A. So would my grandpa B. So wouldn’t my grandpa C. Neither would my grandpa D. Nor wouldn’t my grandpa 12.＿＿＿for us to surf(冲浪) on the sea in summer! A. What exciting is it B. How exciting is it C. What exciting it is D. How exciting it is 13.By no means ＿＿＿ to our plan for the trip. A. will she agree B. she will agree C. agrees she D. will agree she 14.The child tiptoed(翘起脚尖走) quietly to the bird. ＿＿＿into the forest when he was about to catch it. A. Flew it away B. Away flew it C. Away it flew D. Flew away it 15. Little Tom is an orphan.＿＿＿＿＿,he has to make a living by himself. A. A child as he is B. Child as he is C. Child as is he D.A child though he is 16.＿＿＿he gave that we should take more exercise in our spare time! A. What a good advice B. How a good advice C. What good advice D. How good advice 17.Hardly had she walked out of the woods ＿＿＿ she heard the strange scream coming from behind a tree. A. than B. until C. since D. when 18.＿＿＿that we couldn’t catch up with him. A. So fast he ran B. So fast did he run C. So fast ran he D. Such fast did he run 19.We have been on duty for four hours and ＿＿＿＿. A. now comes your turn B. now does your turn come C. now your turn comes D. comes now your turn 20.We haven’t seen each other for many months.＿＿! A. What I missed you B. What did I miss you C. How I missed you D. How did I miss you 21.＿＿can you find out how many chickens there are! A. Counting them B. By counting them C. Only by counting them D. Only have you counted them 22.Between the two mounts＿＿＿and they decide to build a ropeway(索道). A. lies a very deep valley B. does a very deep valley lie C. a very deep valley lies D. a very deep valley lays 23.They went into a small house but ＿＿＿. A. no persons did they find B. not a person found they C. not a person did they find D. not a person they found 24. —— My mother does a lot of housework before going to work, but she has never been late. —— ＿＿＿＿＿. A. So does my mother B. Neither does my mother C. Nor has my mother D. So it is with my mother 25.Everyone has arrived at eight and ＿＿＿＿. A. then does the meeting begin B. then begins the meeting C. begins the meeting then D. does the meeting begin then 26.＿＿it is for us to see that he does his work so well! A. What surprise B. How surprise C. What a surprise D. How a surprise 27.Look over there.＿＿＿! A. Around the corner is walking a policeman B. Around the corner is a policeman walking C. Around the corner a policeman is walking D. Is around the corner walking a policeman 28.＿＿＿,we could forgive him for his mistakes! A. Were he still a child B. If he is still a child C. Is he still a child D. He were still a child 29.Henry often helps look after Granny Wang, but＿＿＿. A. seldom is George B. seldom George does C. seldom does George D. seldom looks George after Granny Wang 30.—— The water changes into thick ice covering rivers and lakes in winter in Harbin. —— ＿＿＿＿ in Urumqi and children go skating on it then. A. So is it B. So it does C. So it is D. So does it 31.I remember that ＿＿＿＿ an old church on the top of the hill many years ago. A. used to be there B. there used to be C. there used to have D. there had 32.Could you write me a letter ＿＿＿? A. when will you get home B. when do you get home C. when you will get home D. when you get home 33.Mother told Rose to buy some sugar in the supermarket and ＿＿＿. A. she did so B. so she did C. so did she D. she did such 34.＿＿＿shortly after it stopped raining. A. There appeared a colorful rainbow in the sky B. In the sky did a colorful rainbow appear C. There a colorful rainbow appeared in the sky D. There in the sky a colorful rainbow appeared 35. After the patients went into the office,＿＿working. A. only a doctor did they see B. only a doctor saw they C. only a doctor they saw D. only a doctor had they seen 36.We have looked for the lost sheep almost everywhere, but nowhere ＿＿＿＿＿. A. we can find it B. can we find it C. can find we it D. we can it find 37.Only since they gave up that good chance＿＿＿ to show their invention again. A. have they had no chance B. they have had no chance C. they have no chance D. have they no chance 38.You can see a large signal on the wall： ＿＿＿＿! A. Long lives the PRC B. Long live the PRC C. Long does the PRC live D. Long do the PRC live 39.＿＿＿＿＿,she may not catch up with her sister Lisa. A. Hard though she works B. Hard although she works C. Hard works she D. Hard even if she works 40.＿＿＿these ancient buildings in this city are! A. What perfectly protected B. How perfect protected C. How perfectly protected D. What perfect protected 41.Nothing but two ancient Chinese coins ＿＿＿＿ after they took out the jar. A. did they find in it B. they found in it C. in it did they find D. in it found they 42.He is strict in everything and strict with everyone.＿＿＿＿＿. A. My father is always such B. My father is always so a strict man C. Such is my father D. So a strict man is my father 43.If you don’t go to his birthday party next Friday,＿＿＿＿＿. A. so do I B. so will I C. nor do I D. nor will I 44.Since everyone has come back here,＿＿＿. A. on goes our discussion B. goes on our discussion C. on does our discussion go D. does on our discussion go 45.＿＿when we passed by its nest. A. Up into the blue sky did the bird fly B. Up into the blue sky the bird flew C. Up into the blue sky flew the bird D. Flew up into the blue sky the bird 参考答案及讲解 1.B。具有否定意义的副词如：little, seldom, never, hardly, scarcely, rarely等位于句首时，句子的主谓部分倒装。 2.B。how time flies＝how fast time flies“时间过得真快”。因为被感叹的部分是副词fast，因此感叹词用how，感叹句需用陈述语序。 3.B。not only...but also连接两个并列分句，且not only位于句首时，该分句主谓部分倒装。 4.A。在以here, there, up, down, in, on, out, away, off等副词开头的句子里，主语是名词时，句子主谓全部倒装，以示强调。但主语是人称代词时，不倒装。 5.D。否定副词never before提前到句首时，句子用部分倒装。 6.D。由于被感叹的部分是可数名词单数conference，所以感叹词用what，感叹句需用陈述语序。 7.C。Had she come＝If she had come。if引导虚拟语气条件状语从句，在口语中或非正式场合可以把if省略掉而改用部分倒装。 8.C。介词短语位于句首，且谓语为不及物动词的句子，句子的主谓全部倒装。 9.C。only修饰句子的状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）位于句首时，句子的主谓部分倒装。 10.D。句子中fun是不可数名词，感叹词需要用what。 11.C。Neither would my grandpa＝My grandpa wouldn’t stay at home for a rest, either.否定副词neither, nor提前到句首，句子用部分倒装。 12.D。形容词exciting前用感叹词how,感叹句用陈述语序。 13.A。表示否定意义的介词短语在句中作状语置于句首时，句子的主谓部分倒装。这样的介词短语有：by no means, at no time, in no way, not in the least等。 14.C。参见注4。 15.B。Child as he is＝Although he is a child。as引导让步状语从句时，通常要把作表语的形容词或名词、作状语的副词或动词原形提前到句首，同时注意，作表语的单数名词前无形容词时要把不定冠词去掉。 16.C。名词advice用感叹词what, advice是一个不可数名词。 17.D。hardly...when...表示“一……就”。注意，主句主谓要用部分倒装。 18.B。在so...that的句型中“so＋形容词或副词”提前到句首时，主句主谓部分倒装。 19.A。时间副词now／then置于句首，其谓语又是come, go, begin等，这时应该用全部倒装语序。 20.C。how修饰句子的谓语动词，句子表示“我是多么想念你啊！” 21.C。参见注9。 22.A。参见注8。 23.C。“not a (an)＋可数名词的单数形式”提前到句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 24.D。如果前面提及不止一件事情，说明另一个人也是如此要用so it is／was with sb.。 25.B。参见注19。 26.C。surprise是一个抽象名词，通常作不可数名词，但这里说明某次具体情况，surprise可以用作可数名词，前面加不定冠词a (surprise没有复数形式）。类似词有shame, pity等。 27.A。参见注8。 28.A。Were he still a child＝If he were still a child。 29.C。参见注1。 30.D。so does it＝the water also changes into thick ice covering the rivers and lakes in winter in Urumqi.说明乌鲁木齐的天气也是如此。 31.B。there used to be构成倒装句式，表示过去曾出现过的情况。 32.D。when you get home时间状语从句用陈述语序，一般现在时表示将来。 33.A。so替代前面提到的要求所作的事情，此时不用倒装。 34.A。there后面可以跟不及物动词appear／live／stand／lie等，说明某处出现／存在某现象或某事物，此时句子主语必须是名词。 35.C。only修饰句子的宾语位于句首时，句子不倒装。 36.B。具有否定意义的副词nowhere提前到句首时，句子用部分倒装。 37.A。句子中only修饰since引导的时间状语从句置于句首，主句用部分倒装形式。 38.B。口语中一些祝福语可以用倒装语序。“Long live(动词原形)＋主语”表示“祝某人或某事物万岁”。 39.A。though引导让步状语从句时，有时把句子的表语或状语提前到句首。 40.C。句子中perfectly protected相当于形容词作表语，因此感叹词用how。 41.B。表示否定意义的不定代词nothing在句中用作宾语置于句首，句子不需要用倒装语序。 42.C。当such作句子的表语，位于句首代替上文情况时，句子通常用倒装语序。 43.D。nor will I＝I will not go to his birthday party next Friday, either. if 引导说明将来情况的条件状语从句，主句的时态应该是将来时态。 44.A。参见注4。 45.C。表示方位的副词及介词短语置于句首，名词作句子的主语时，句子的主谓用全部倒装。