初级中学常见的四种时态.doc

*- 一般现在时讲解及练习 　　一、 定义与讲解 　　一般现在时：表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。 时间状语：often 经常，usually通常，always 总是，every每个，sometimes 有时， once a week一周一次；twice a month一个月两次 　　只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。 三单变化： （1）直接在动词词尾加-s. ask---asks work---works get---gets stay---stays 　　（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es. 　　 watch---watches wish---wishes fix---fixes do---does go---goes pass---passes 　　（3）以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es. 　 try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies 　　（4）.不规则变化：be---- is are have----has 　　二、一般现在时用法 　　1. 表示经常性，习惯性,永久性的动作或存在的状态.通常与副词sometimes, often, usually, always, every day (year, month ), once (twice, three times) a day,等时间状语连用。 They usually go to school by bike. I take the medicine three times a day. She helps her mother once a week. Mary’s father is a policeman. There are 50 students in my class。 2. 表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言，谚语等。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day. The man who has never been to the Great Wall is not a real man. Tomorrow is Tuesday. 三、一般现在时的句子转换： 　　（1）当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等等)提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句. 　　 例：①陈述句：She is a student. 　　疑问句→ Is she a student? 　　否定句→ She is not a student. 　　②陈述句：I can swim. 　　疑问句→ Can you swim 　　否定句→ I can not swim. 　　（2） 当句子中即没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，则在主语前加助动词do (you,以及复数), does（单数she,he,it）变成问句；在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t（I,you,以及复数), doesn’t（单数she,he,it）变成否定句，助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。 　　例：①陈述句：We get up at 7:00 every morning. 　　疑问句→Do you get up at 7:00 every morning? 　　否定句→We don’t get up at 7:00 every morning. 　　②陈述句：She has a little brother. 　　 疑问句→ Does she have a little brother? 　　否定句→ She doesn’t have a little brother. 　　（一）．用动词的适当形式填空 　　1. She _________(go) to school at seven o’clock. 　　2. It’s 6 o’clock. They are _________ (eat) supper. 　　3. He usually ___________ up at 17:00.(get ) 　　4. She ___________ (live) in Beijing. 　　5. Amy _________ (be) here just now. 　　6. _______ (be)there a fly on the table just now? 　　7. My father __________ (watch) TV every evening . 　　8. My father _______________ (make) toys these days. 　　9． ________ Amy _________ (read) English every day? 　　10. Chen Jie sometimes _________(go)to the park with her sister. 　　（二）.选择填空 　　1．I want____homework now. A. doing B. to do C. to do my D. do my 　　2．Its time______. 　　 A. go to school B. play games C. to go home D. to do my homeworks 　　3．______go and help her. A. Lets me B. Lets us C. Lets D. Lets to 　　4．Do they have a new car? Yes,_____. 　　 A .they are B.they have C. they dont D. they do 　　5．He often _________ supper at 6:00 in the evening. 　　 A. have B. has c. is having D. is eating 　　6. We _____________ any Chinese classes on Friday. 　　 A. are having B. aren’t having C. don’t have D. are have 　　（三）、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 　　1. He often _________ (have) dinner at home. 　　2. Daniel and Tommy _________ (be) in Class One. 　　3. We _________ (not watch) TV on Monday. 　　4. Nick_________ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 　　5. they _________ (like) the World Cup? 　　6. What they often_________ (do) on Saturdays? 　　7. your parents _________ (read) newspapers every day? 　　8. The girl _________ (teach) us English on Sundays. 　　9. She and I _________ (take) a walk together every evening. 　　10. There _________ (be) some water in the bottle. 　　11. Mike_________ (like) cooking. 　　12. They _________ (have) the same hobby. 　　13. My aunt _________ (look) after her baby carefully. 　　14. You always _________ (do) your homework well. 　　15. I _________ (be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 　　16. She _________ (go) to school from Monday to Friday. 　　17. Liu Tao _________ (do) not like PE. 　　18. The child often _________ (watch) TV in the evening. 　　19. Wang Kai and Wang li_________ (have) eight lessons this term. 　　20. －What day _________ (be) it today? － It’s Saturday. 　　1. We often___________(play) in the playgound. 　　2. He _________(get) up at six o’clock. 　　3. __________you _________(brush) your teeth every morning. 　　4. What __________(do) he usually (do) after school? 　　5. Danny__________(study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art an school. 　　6. Mike sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister. 　　7. At eight at night, she __________(watch) TV with his parents. 　　8. ________ Mike________(read) English every day? 　　9. How many lessons_________your classmate________(have) on Monday? 　　10.What time_________his mother_________(do) the housework? 　　1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) 　　2. I have many books. （改为否定句） 　　3. Gao Shan’s sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句） 　　4. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句） 　　5. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句） 　　6. David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句） 　　7. We have four lessons.（否定句） 　　8. Nancy doesn’t run fast （肯定句） 　　9. My dog runs fast. 否定句： 　　 一般疑问句： 　　10. Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句： 　　 否定句： 　　11. I usually play football on Friday afternoon.否定句: 　　一般疑问句: 　　划线部分提问 　　12. Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday. 　　否定句: 　　一般疑问句: 　　划线提问: 　　13. Mingming usually waters the flowers every day 　　否定句: 　　一般疑问句: 　　划线提问 　　14. Tom does his homework at home. 　　否定句: 　　一般疑问句: 　　划线提问 一般过去时态讲解及练习 　　1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。（yesterday…昨天… last….上一个… ….ago….以前） 　　2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： 　　　　⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t） 　　　　⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren’t） 　　　　⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后 加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 　　3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 　　　　否定句：didn’t+动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday. 　　　　一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 　　　　如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 　　　　特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？ 　　　　如：What did Jim do yesterday? 　　　　⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？ 　　　　如：Who went to home yesterday? 　　　　动词过去式变化规则： 　　　　1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked 　　　　2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 　　　　3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如： stop-stopped 　　　　4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied 　　　　5．不规则动词过去式： 　　 am，is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, get-got, go-went, come-came, 一、写出下列动词的过去式 　　 is am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ 　　 drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ 　　 does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ 　　 taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ 　　 throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ 二、Be动词的过去时练习 用be动词的适当形式填空 　　 1. I _______ at school just now. 　　 2. He ________ at the camp last week. 　　 3. We ________ students two years ago. 　　 4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago. 　　 5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year. 　　 6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday. 　　 7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 　　 8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening. 　　 9. I ______ an English teacher now. 　　 10. She _______ happy yesterday. 　　 11. They _______ glad to see each other last month. 　　 12. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends. 　　 13. The little dog _____ two years old this year. 　　 14. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 　　 15. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.. 　　 16. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited. 三、行为动词的过去时练习 用行为动词的适当形式填空 　　 1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 　　 2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night. 　　 3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween. 　　 4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week. 　　 5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday. 　　 6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 　　 7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival. 　　 8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party. 　　 9. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 　　 10. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night. 　　 11. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go) 　　 12. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 　　 13. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 　　 14. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 　　 15. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______. 　　 16. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly. 现在进行时态讲解及练习 　　1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 （now现在；Look!看！ Listen!听！） 　　2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 　　3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 　　4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 　　5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为： 　　　　疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing? 　　　　但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 　　　　疑问词不达意+be+动词ing? 动词加ing的变化规则 (直接加；去e加；双写加) 　　1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 　　2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting 　　3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing， 如：run-running,stop-stopping 　　一、写出下列动词的现在分词： 　　　　play________run__________swim_________make__________ 　　　　go_________like________write________ ski___________ 　　　　read________have_________sing________dance_________ 　　　　put_________see________buy_________love____________ 　　　　live_______take_________come________get_________ 　　　　stop_________sit________begin________shop___________ 　　二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 　　　　1.Theboy__________________(draw) a picture now. 　　　　2.Listen.Some girls_______________(sing) in the classroom. 　　　　3.My mother_________________(cook) some nice food now. 　　　　4.What_____you______(do) now? 　　　　5.Look.They_______________(have) an English lesson. 　　　　6.They____________(not,water) the flowers now. 　　　　7.Look!the girls________________(dance) in the classroom. 　　　　8.What is our granddaughter doing? She_________(listen) to music. 　　　　9.It’s 5o’clock now.We_____________(have) supper now. 　　　　10.______Helen____________(wash) clothes? Yes,she is. 　　三、句型转换： 　　　　1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) 　　　　_____________________________________________________________ 　　　　_____________________________________________________________ 　　　　2．The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) 　　　　_________________________________________________________________ 　　　　_________________________________________________________________ 　　　　3．I’mplaying the footballin the playground.(对划线部分进行提问) 　　　　_________________________________________________________________ 　　　　4．Tom is reading booksin his study.(对划线部分进行提问) 　　　　_________________________________________________________________ 一般将来时态讲解及练习 一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构： 　　　　①be going to+do；②will+do. 三、否定句： 　　在be动词（am,is,are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。 　　 Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.→Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。 　　We are going to go on an outing this weekend.→Are you going to go on an outing thi是weekend? 五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1.问人。Who例如：Im going to NewYork soon.→Whos going to NewYork soon. 　　2.问干什么。What…do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 　　3.问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine.→When is she going to bed? 六、同义句：be going to=will 　 I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow. 今日练习： 1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends. I ________ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball. What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit. 4. 你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 改句子。 5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy ________ going to go camping. 6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定） I _______ go ______ join them. 7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） ________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句） _______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） ________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 用所给词的适当形式填空： 11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week. 13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike. 14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects? 15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects. 16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows. 17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday. 19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now