山西大学附中2020届高三上学期第二次模块诊断 英语.doc

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1、山西大学附中2020届高三上学期第二次模块诊断英语试题考试时间：100分钟 考察范围：高考范围第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60）第一节（共15小题：每题3分，满分45）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。A Enter for a Chance to Win a Montana AdventureImagine yourself hiking on the same route that Lewis and Clark once explored, fly-fishing and white-water rafting in

2、beautiful lakes and rivers, learning how to speak Blackfoot, digging for ancient dinosaur remains, and standing at the edge of a 6,000-year-old glacier in Glacier National Park. You have the chance to do all of this and much more with the National Geographic Kids Hands-On Explorer Challenge Expediti

3、on Team. The Hands-On Explorer Challenge is heading west in 2019 to Montana.HIKE!Montanais home to many species of plants and animals. Follow in the footsteps of legendary explorers and get a close-up view of waterfalls, wildflowers, and wildlife.DIG!Some of the most important dinosaur discoveries h

4、ave been found in Montana. Youll discover treasures yourself as you dig for ancient dinosaur remains in Montanas High Plains.CULTURE!Montana has eleven Native American tribeseach one filled with a unique heritage and lots of rich traditions. View the world as they see it through their dances, songs,

5、 food, games, and languages.HOW TO ENTER1. Write an original, personal essay in English of no more than 300 words telling us how you explore your world and what it is about exploration that inspires and excites you.2. Take a photograph of what, where, or how you explored the subject of your essay.3.

6、 Enter by January 7, 2019. Open to kids who will be ages 914 as of July 1, 2019.4. Send your entry (参赛) form, essay, and photo (as described in the Official Rules) to: NG Kids Hands-On Explorer Challenge, National Geographic Kidsmagazine /CDH, 1145 17th Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20036. FOR MORE IN

7、FORMATION, GO TO KIDS. NATIONALGEOGRAPHIC. COM/KIDS/CONTESTS/EXPLORER - TRIP-2019.1. What is true about Montana?A. It has many elephant discoveries.B. It is Lewis and Clarks hometown.C. Its Native American tribes share the same culture.D. It is home to many species of plants and animals.2. If you wa

8、nt to enter the contest you must _.A. be over 14 years old B. send a photo with your essayC. have rich exploration experience D. write an English article over 300 words3. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To provide travel information. B. To describe Montanas scenery.C. To announce a kid competi

9、tion. D. To suggest some outdoor activities.BScience is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-class citizens.As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even aft

10、er months of separation. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friends die. Pigs respond to human symbols. When a r

11、esearch team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the Os. Then the team switched from real-life objects to T-shirts printed with

12、X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning. Ive been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself. At the start of my career almost four decades ago, I was firmly convi

13、nced that monkeys and apes out-think other animals. Theyre other primates（灵长目动物）, after all, animals from our own mammalian class. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and that elephants express profound joy and mournin

14、g with their social companions. Long-term studies on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure in laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme par

15、ks. Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, 1 started to wonder: Will the new science of “food animals” bring an ethical (伦理的) revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to catch up

16、with the development of our science?4. According to Annie Potts, hens choice of a later and better reward indicates their ability of _.A. interaction B. analysisC. creation D. abstraction5. The research into pigs shows that pigs_.A. learn letter quickly B. have good eyesight C. can build up a good r

17、elationship D. can apply knowledge to new situations6. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A. The similarities between mammals and humans.B. The necessity of long-term studies on mammals.C. A change in peoples attitudes towards animals.D.A discovery of how mammals express themselves.7. What is the best

18、 title for the passage?A. The Lifestyles of Food AnimalsB. Science Reports on Food AnimalsC. The Inner Lives of Food AnimalsD. A Revolution in Food AnimalsC Runners who encounter visual and auditory（听觉的）distractions may be more likely to suffer leg injuries,according to a research by the Association

19、 of Academic Physiatrists in Las Vegas. Runners often seek distractions from the task at hand. Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights, or propping a book up on the treadmill（跑步机）, more often than not, a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the University of Florida

20、have recently discovered that those distractions may lead to injury.Daniel Herman, MD, PhD, assistant professor at University of Florida, and his team conducted a research on the effect of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners to determine what effect, if any, these distractions would have

21、on things such as heart rate, how much a runner breathes per minute, how much oxygen is consumed by the body.The runners were all injury-free at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Hermans team had each participant run on a treadmill three separate times. The first time was without

22、 any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction, during which the runners concentrated on a screen displaying different letters in different colors with the runners having to note when a specific letter-color combination appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to

23、 the visual distraction, with the runners having to note when a particular word was spoken by a particular voice.When compared to running without distractions, the participants had faster application of force to their left and right legs, called loading rate, with auditory and visual distractions. T

24、hey also experienced an increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractions. Finally, the runners tended to breathe heavier and have higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.“Running in

25、environments with different distractions may unfavorably affect running performance and injury risk,” explains Dr. Herman. “Sometimes these things cannot be avoided, but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative(积累的) effects. For example, when running a new route in a noisy environment such

26、 as during a marathon, you may want to skip listening to something which may require more attentionlike a new song playlist.”Dr. Hermans team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries, and any effect this relationship has on different trainin

27、g techniques that use auditory or visual cues.8. Paragraph 2 tells us the research_.A. process B. results C. questions D. reflection9. Based on the research, runners with auditory distractions tended to_.A. breathe heavier and have lower heart ratesB. get an increased amount of ground reaction force

28、C. apply more force with less oxygen consumptionD. gain a faster speed with slower loading rates10. What can we infer from the passage?A. Running with distractions becomes uncommon nowadays.B. Listening to a new song while running guarantees performance.C. Runners are more likely to get injured in a

29、n environment without distractions.D. Runners are advised to minimize distractions in a destination marathon.11. What is probably the next task for Dr. Hermans team?A. What determines training techniques.B. How distractions should be used in training.C. Why runners use auditory and visual cues.D. Wh

30、at effective ways can cure leg injuries.DIf you have ever had a cat, or have watched one of the many funny cats videos online, youll know that cats have a mind of their own. A lot of the things they do are hard to understandthey like to climb up tall furniture, fit themselves in small space and atta

31、ck small objects for no reason at all. Now scientists have managed to figure out what exactly is going on in the brains of our little friends. According to Tony Buffington, a professor at Ohio State University in the US, cats strange behavior largely comes from their way of life back in the wild. “C

32、ats today still have many of the same instincts(本能) that allow them to live in the wild for millions of years,”he said in a TED Talk. “To them, our homes are their jungles.” In the wild, cats are hunters. Their bodies and great balancing abilities allow them to climb to high spots to better look at

33、the environment. Even though they dont have to hunt anymore in human houses, they still keep the old habit of viewing the living room from, for example, the top of the refrigerator. Cats hunting instinct is also what makes them attack small things like keys and USB drives. In the wild, they hunt wha

34、tever they can get, and most of the animals they kill are small. However, cats can also be prey. This explains why they like to stay in small space like drawers or washing machinesthey are hiding, or they think they are hiding, from more dangerous animals. This is also why cats prefer a clean box: a

35、 smelly one could easily show enemies where they are. Knowing how cats minds work is not only useful for better understanding them. It may also help cats owners to better meet cats needs. For example, owners could try to make climbing easier for cats by moving their furniture around. They could also

36、 use “food puzzles” to make eating feel more like hunting instead of just giving food to the cats.12. According to Tony Buffington, _. A. cats strange behavior is hard for people to understand B. cats are more used to living in the wild than in humans homes C. cats behave strangely mainly because of

37、 some instincts in the wild D. cats instincts are as helpful to them today as they were millions of year ago13. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text? A. Cats like to climb up high because they want to hide from dangerous animals. B. Cats attack keys and USB drives because

38、they have a habit of hunting small animals. C. Cats enjoy staying in small space because they usually live in small caves in the wild D. Cats preference for a clean box probably has something to do with their hunting instincts.14. The underlined word “prey” in Paragraph 5 probably means _. A. an ani

39、mal that is too lazy B. an animal that likes hiding games C. an animal that keeps itself clean D. an animal that is hunted15. This article is mainly written to _. A. explore the reasons for cats strange behavior B. describe cats past wild experience to readers C. tell cats owners how to make life ea

40、sier for cats D. compare cats behavior in human homes with that in the wild第二节（共5小题，每小题3分， 满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Art of Slow ReadingIf you are reading this article in print, the result is that you will only get through half of what I have written. And if you are reading

41、 this online, you may not even finish a fifth. 16._ They suggest that many of us no longer have the concentration to read articles through to their conclusion. So are we getting stupider? Actually, our online habits are damaging the mental power we need to process and understand textual（文本的）informat

42、ion. Round-the-clock news makes us read from one article to the next without paying attention to any content. Our reading is frequently interrupted by the noise of the latest email and we are now absorbing short words on Twitter and Facebook more regularly than longer texts. 17._ But we are graduall

43、y forgetting how to sit back, think carefully, and relate all the facts to each other.18._ A bunch of academics want us to take our time while reading, and re-reading. They ask us to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of personal engagement with printed texts, and th

44、e ability to process them fully. Whats to be done then? Most slow readers realize that total rejection of the web is extremely unrealistic. They feel that getting away from technology for a while is the answer. 19._ Personally, Im not sure whether I could ever be offline for long. Even while writing

45、 this article, I am switching constantly between sites, skimming too often, absorbing too little. Internet reading has become too rooted in my daily life for me to change. I read essays and articles not in hard copy but as PDF format. I suspect that many readers are in a similar position. 20._ You c

46、an download a computer application called Freedom, which allows you to read in peace by cutting off your Internet connection. Or if you want to avoid being disturbed by the Internet, you could always download offline reader Instapaper for your iPhone. If youre still reading my article, that is slow

47、reading.AThe Internet is probably part of the problem.BNow some campaigns are advocating slow reading.CThese are the two findings from the recent research projects.DBut if you just occasionally want to read more slowly, help is at hand.ESome of them have suggested turning their computers off for one

48、 day a week.FSlow reading can help connect a reader to neighborhood and become popular.GBecause of the Internet, we have become very good at collecting information.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出是和填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。My family was very concerned for my sister and understandably so. Helen was on a flight from Los Angeles to Phoenix. Altho