大学考试英语试题及答案.pdf

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1、大学考试英语试题及答案大学考试英语试题及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutesto write a short essay on living in the virtual world. Tryto imagine what will happen when people spend more and moretime in the virtual world instead of interacting in thereal world. You are requir

2、ed to write at least 150 wordsbut no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, you willhear four questions. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only onc

3、e. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecentre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you havejust heard.1. A)Project organizerB)Public relations

4、 officer.C)Marketing manager.D)Market research consultant.2.A)Quantitative advertising research.B)Questionnaire design.C)Research methodology.D)Interviewer training.3.A)They are intensive studies of peoples spendinghabits.B)They examine relations between producers andcustomers.C)They look for new an

5、d effective ways to promoteproducts.D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over along period.4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity.B)Checking charts and tables.C)Designing questionnaires.D)The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you havejust heard.5.A)His view o

6、n Canadian universities.B)His understanding of higher education.C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D)His plaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6.A)It is well designed.B)It is rather inflexible.C)It varies among universities.D)It has undergone great changes.7.A)The Uni

7、ted States and Canada can learn from eachother.B)Public universities are often superior to privateuniversities.C)Everyone should be given equal aess to highereducation.D)Private schools work more efficiently than publicinstitutions.8.A) University systems vary from country to country.B)Efficiency is

8、 essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a publicuniversity or a private one.D) Many private university in the U.S. Are actuallylarge bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear three or fou

9、rquestions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on th

10、e passage you havejust heard.9.A) Governments role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the world.C) Indications of economic recovery in the UnitedStates.D) The impact of the current economic crisis onpeoples life.10.A)They will feel less pressure to raise empl

11、oyeeswages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitableemployees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their businessoperations.D) They will feel more confident in peting with theirrivals.11.A) Employees and panies cooperate to pull throughthe economic crisis.B) Government and panies join hands

12、 to create hobs forthe unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in panies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you havejust heard.12.A) Whether memory supplements work.B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances ones

13、 memory.D) Whether a magic memory promises suess.13.A) They help the elderly more than the young.B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects.D) They are not based on real science.14.A)They are available at most country fairs.B)They are taken in relatively

14、high dosage.C)They are collected or grown by farmers.D)They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15.A)They have often proved to be as helpful as doingmental exercise.B)Taking them with other medications might entailunnecessary risks.C)Their effect lasts only a short time.D)Many have benefited fro

15、m them.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear threerecordings of lectures or talks followed by three or fourquestions. The recordings will be played only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark thecorrespondi

16、ng letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you havejust heard.16.A)How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to beto developing nations.B)How the World Meteorological Organization studiesnatural disasters.C)How powerless humans ap

17、pear to be in face of naturaldisasters.D)How the negative impacts of natural disasters can bereduced.17.A)By training rescue teams for emergencies.B)By taking steps to prepare people for them.C)By changing peoples views of nature.D)By relocating people to safer places.18.A)How preventive action can

18、reduce the loss of life.B)How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C)How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D)How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you havejust heard.19.A)Pay back their loans to the American government.B)Provide loans to those in

19、 severe financial difficulty.C)Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D)Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20.A)Some banks may have to merge with others.B)Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C)It will be hard for banks to provide more loans.D)Many banks will have to l

20、ay off some employees.21.A)It will work closely with the government.B)It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C)It will try to lower the interest rate.D)It will try to provide more loans.22.A)It wont help the American economy to turn around.B)It wont do any good to the major mercial banks.C)It will

21、win the approval of the Obama administration.D)It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrinkagain.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you havejust heard.23.A)Being unable to learn new things.B)Being rather slow to make changes.C)Losing temper more and more often.D)Losing the ability

22、 to get on with others.24.A)Cognitive stimulation.B)Community activity.C)Balanced diet.D)Fresh air.25.A)Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging.B)Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C)Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles.D)Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Part III Readi

23、ng Comprehension (40 minutes)Section AA)automatically I)incidentallyB)beneficial J)intolerantC)capturing K)oupationD)confused L)promisesE)emphasizing M)recessionF)entrance N)slightlyG)excited O)undertakesH)existenceSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read apassage with ten statement

24、s attached to it.Each statementcontains information given in one of theparagraphs.Identify the paragraph from which theinformation is derived.You may choose a paragraph more thanonce.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer thequestions by marking the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2.Can s

25、ocieties be rich and green?A“If our economies are to flourish,if global povertyis to be eliminated and if the well-being of the worldspeople enhancednot just in this generation but insueeding generationswe must make sure we take care of thenatural environment and resources on which our economicactiv

26、ity depends.”That statement es not,as you mightimagine,from a stereotypical tree-hugging,save-the-worldgreenie(环保主义者),but from Gordon Brown,a politician witha reputation for rigour,thoroughness and above all,caution.BA surprising thing for the man who runs one of theworlds most powerful economies to

27、 say?Perhaps;though inthe run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium(千年的)Goals,he is far from alone.The roots of his speech,givenin March at the roundtable meeting of environment andenergy ministers from the G20 group of nations,stretch backto 1972,and the United Nations Conference on the Huma

28、nEnvironment in Stockholm.C“The protection and improvement of the humanenvironment is a major issue which affects the well-beingof peoples and economic development throughout theworld,”read the final declaration from this gathering,thefirst of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de JaneiroEarth S

29、ummit in 1992 and the World Development Summit inJohannesburg three years ago.DHunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies anddevelopment groupsmany for conferences such as thisyears Millennium Goals reviewand you will find that thelinkage between environmental protection and economicprogress i

30、s a mon thread.EManaging ecosystems sustainably is more profitablethan exploiting them,aording to the Millennium EcosystemAssessment.But finding hard evidence to support the thesisis not so easy.Thoughts turn first to some sort of globalstatistic,some indicator which would rate the wealth ofnations

31、in both economic and environmental terms and show arelationship between the two.FIf such an indicator exists,it is well hidden.And onreflection,this is not surprising;the singleword“environment”has so many dimensions,and there are somany other factors affecting wealthsuch as the oildepositsthat teas

32、ing out a simple economy-environmentrelationship would be almost impossible.GThe Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,a vast four-yearglobal study which reported its initial conclusions earlierthis year,found reasons to believe that managing ecosystemssustainablyworking with nature rather than against it

33、might be less profitable in the short term,but certainlybrings long-term rewards.HAnd the World Resources Institute(WRI)in its WorldResources xx report,issued at the end of August,producedseveral such examples from Africa and Asia;it alsodemonstrated that environmental degradation affects thepoor mo

34、re than the rich,as poorer people derive a muchhigher proportion of their ine directly from the naturalresources around them.IBut there are also many examples of growing wealthby trashing the environment,in rich and poor parts of theworld alike,whether through unregulated mineralextraction,drastic w

35、ater use for agriculture,slash-and-burnfarming,or fossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗)transport.Ofcourse,such growth may not persist in the long termwhichis what Mr.Brown and the Stockholm declaration were bothattempting to point out.Perhaps the best example of boomgrowth and bust decline is the Grand Banks f

36、ishery.Foralmost five centuries a very large supply of cod(鳕鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which atits peak employed about 40,000 people,sustaining entiremunities in Newfoundland.Then,abruptly,the cod populationcollapsed.There were no longer enough fish in the sea forthe stock to m

37、aintain itself,let alone an industry.Morethan a decade later,there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself.It had,apparently,been fished out ofexistence;and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropesabout frantically for crab on the sea floor.JThere is a view that modern humans are inevit

38、ablysowing the seed of a global Grand Banks-style disaster.Theidea is that we are taking more out of what you might callthe plas environmental bank balance than it cansustain;we are living beyond our ecological means.Onerecent study attempted to calculate the extent ofthis“ecological overshoot of th

39、e human economy”,and foundthat we are using 1.2 Earths-worth of environmental goodsand servicesthe implication being that at some point thedebt will be called in,and all those servicesthe thingswhich the pla does for us for freewill grind to a halt.KWhether this is right,and if so where and when the

40、ecological axe will fall,is hard to determine with anyprecisionwhich is why governments and financialinstitutions are only beginning to bring such risks intotheir economic calculations.It is also the reason whydevelopment agencies are not united in their view ofenvironmental issues;while some,like t

41、he WRI,maintain thatenvironmental progress needs to go hand-in-hand witheconomic development,others argue that the priority is tobuild a thriving economy,and then use the wealth created totackle environmental degradation.LThis view assumes that rich societies will invest inenvironmental care.But is

42、this right?Do things get betteror worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholm declarationis ambiguous.“In the developing countries,”it says,“mostof the environmental problems are caused by under-development.”So it is saying that economic developmentshould make for a cleaner world?Not necessarily;“In

43、theindustralised countries,environmental problems aregenerally related to industrialisation and technologicaldevelopment,”it continues.In other words,poor and richboth over-exploit the natural world,but for differentreasons.Its simply not true that economic growth willsurely make our world cleaner.M

44、Clearly,richer societies are able to provideenvironmental improvements which lie well beyond the reachof poorer munities.Citizens of wealthy nations demandnational parks,clean rivers,clean air and poison-freefood.They also,however,use far more natural resources-fuel,water(all those baths and golf co

45、urses)and buildingmaterials.NA case can be made that rich nations exportenvironmental problems,the most graphic example beingclimate change.As a countrys wealth grows,so do itsgreenhouse gas emissions.The figures available will not bepletely aurate.Measuring emissions is not a precise science,partic

46、ularly when it es to issues surrounding land use;notall nations have re-leased up-to-date data,and in anycase,emissions from some sectors such as aviation are notincluded in national statistics.But the data is exactenough for a clear trend to be easily discernible.Ascountries bee richer,they produce

47、 more greenhouse gases;andthe impact of those gases will fall primarily in poor partsof the world.36.Examples show that both rich and poor countriesexploited the environment for economic progress.37.Environmental protection and improvement benefitpeople all over the world.38.It is not necessarily tr

48、ue that economic growth willmake our world cleaner.39.The mon theme of the UN reports is the relationbetween environmental protection and economic growth.40.Development agencies disagree regarding how totackle environment issues while ensuring economic progress.41.It is difficult to find solid evide

49、nce to proveenvironmental friendliness generates more profits thanexploiting the natural environment.42.Sustainable management of ecosystems will proverewarding in the long run.43.A politician noted for being cautious asserts thatsustainable human development depends on the naturalenvironment.44.Poo

50、r countries will have to bear the cost for richnations economic development.45.One recent study warns us of the danger of theexhaustion of natural resources on Earth.46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“Its been theyear of interactive television advertising for the last tenor twelve years”(Lines