2022年新版新目标英语八年级下册unit知识点总结,推荐文档 .pdf

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1、Unit 1. whats the matter?Section A 1. What s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？(1)matter n. 问题；事情What s the matter with you?= Whats the trouble with you? = What s wrong with you?你怎么了？matter 和 trouble 为名词，其前可加 the 或形容词性物主代词， wrong 是 adj. 不能加 the 用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with 连用Whats the matter with sb?

2、 = Whats your trouble?= Whats up? = What happens to sb.?(2)matter v 要紧，有关系用于否定句或疑问句中It doesn t matter. 没关系 （用来回答别人道歉时的用语）Does it matter if I m a little late? (3) as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上 , 实际上2.foot-feet 脚 tooth-teeth 牙齿 3.have a/an + 疾病名词患病 (cold/fever/cough) have a cold =catch a cold 感冒hav

3、e a fever 发烧have a sore throat 喉咙疼have a sore back背疼have a stomachache 胃痛have a toothache 牙痛have a headache 头痛have a backache 背痛have a earache 耳朵痛4. back n 背；背部at the back of. 在.的后面adv 回原处 往回去go/come back 返回give back 归还5. hand n 手hand in hand 手拉手v 交给；传递hand in 上交hand on 依次传递hand out 分发6.too much + 不

4、可数名词太多的 修饰动词，放在动词之后Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. much too +形/副实在太 极其，非常too many + 可数名词复数太多的 7.enough (1) adj. 足够的，充分的修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后enough time (2) adv. 足够地，十分，相当修饰 adj./adv,放在 adj./adv后expensive enough (3) be +adj. +enough to do sth be strong enough to carry the box. 8.with prep (1)具有

5、， 带有 , 表示某物带有或具有某种特征（反） without hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶tea with sugar 加糖的茶coffee with sugar 加糖的咖啡China is a country with a long history. She is a girl with long hair. (2)prep. 和.一起 talk with sb I like to talk freely with my friends. (3)prep 用.， 使用某种工具Cut it with a knife. Write with a pen (4)状语He ca

6、me in with a big smile. 9. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢？ Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗？名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - should 应该情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务should not =shouldnt 不应该主语+ should/ shouldnt + 动词原形 . . take one s te

7、mperature 量体温10. need v 需要 用于肯定句是实义动词need情态动词，仅用于否定结构和疑问句或if/whether 引导的宾语从句 态动词(1) need sth 需要某物I need your help. (2)人做主语sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事Do you need to drink more water? (3) 物做主语sth need doing sth = sth need to be done 表被动(4) needn t = dont have to 没有必要must, need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用Must I hand it

8、in today?No. you _ .You can do it tomorrow. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt Must I finish my homework now? No, you _. You can go home now. A. needn t B. mustn t C. shouldnt D. can t Must I start now?No, you_ A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt Need I go to school?- Yes, you must. No, you neednt.11.I think I sat

9、 in the same way for too long without moving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。without doing sth. 没有做某事、没做某事I let the day away without doing anything at all. 我一点事也没干就让一天过去了。The storm passed off without doing much damage. 暴风雨过去了，没有造成多大灾害。12. lie/lai/v. (lay/lei/ ) 躺 ；平躺lie lay lain v 躺 卧 (现在分词 lying ). lie lied l

10、ied v 撒谎(现在分词 lying ). lay l aid l aid v 下蛋，产卵(现在分词 laying ). lie down 躺下lie down and rest 躺下休息13. neck n.颈；脖子 neck and neck 不分上下，势均力敌hurt v. 使痛 ；受伤表示肉体感到疼痛或不适，使用时应用疼痛的具体部位作主语。My leg hurts. 14. see （saw , seen ） v 看见see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事（看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生，强调整个过程 ）see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正

11、在发生）15. along/ down 相同点：prep 顺着；沿着不同点： along 强调顺着水平方向down 指“ 沿着下坡或者往南走16. get on-get off 上下大型交通工具（ bus, train, plane ）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - get intoget out of 进入/出来小型交通工具（ car, taxi,lift）get up起床get back回来；取回get ov

12、er克服；度过get onalong well with 与相处融洽get in a word 插话 get to到达17.have to 客观需要dont have to 不需要must主观必要mustnt 不准，禁止have to多种时态，有单三18. surprise (1) v 使吃惊 surprising adj. 令人吃惊的surprised adj. 吃惊的surprise sb 使某人吃惊The bad news surprised me. be surprised at 对感到吃惊be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶be surprised + th

13、at从句 因.而惊讶(2) n 惊讶to one s surprise 使某人吃惊的是in surprise 吃惊地to one s joy/disappointment/satisfacation 19.agree v (反)disagree agreement n同意(1) agree with sb. 同意某人I agree with you. (2) agree to do sth 同意做某事(3) agree on sth 20. thanks to 多亏；由于(1)thanks to习语介词， thanks不可改为 thank you，to 后也不接动词原形， to 表示感谢的对象

14、(2)thanks for 因而感谢， for 强调为何而感谢，其后可接名词或v-ing (3) Thanks=thank you 21. on time 准时in time 及时on time=at exactly the right time. 准时 （在规定的时间之内）强调与某个时刻一致in time = with enough time to spare/ not late 及时（恰在时间点上）表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生at times=sometimes 有时have a good time 玩得高兴have time =be free 有空all the time 一

15、直at the same time 同时by the time 到时候for the first time 第一次It s time to do sth =Its time for sth 是该做某事的时间了It takes sb. some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间s at once “立刻；马上 ” ；on time“按时 ” ；by accident“偶然 ” ；at present“目前 ;现在” 。22.trouble/tr?bl/n .问题；苦恼get into trouble 造成麻烦（或烦恼）be in trouble 处于困境中have troub

16、le (in) doing sth做某事有困难That is a monkey on his back . Lets help him. C 沉重负担A. He has a monkey B. He likes playing with the monky C. He is in trouble D. He is good at studying 23. 反身代词(1)反身代词的构成名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -

17、 第一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词 +self/selves构成单数myself yourself 复数ourselves yourselves 第三人称的反身代词构成:第三人称宾格 +self/selves 单数：himself herself itself 复数：themselves (2)反身代词的常见搭配：enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time 玩得高兴teach oneself=learn by oneself 自学by oneself =alone 独自help oneself to 随便吃introduce oneself t

18、o 自我介绍(3)反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。24. fall fell fallen v 落下； 跌落fall down 摔倒，强调滑倒，摔倒，指失去平衡而摔倒，后接宾语时，应加上介词from She fell down from her bike fall off 指从某物上跌落下来。The girl fell off the bike. = The girl fell down from the b ike. fall into 落入The leaf fell into the river. fall behind 落后fall in love with sb. 爱上某人fall

19、asleep 入睡Section B 1. feel sick 生病；不舒服sick /ill adj. 生病的(1) sick adj. 生病的，既可放 be (系动词 )后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。be sick of 讨厌；厌恶 sick person = patient 病人(2) ill adj. 生病的，只能放 be (系动词 )后作表语，be ill in hospital 生病住院ill illness n. “病；疾病 ”2.be interested in interest (1)n 兴趣interesting adj.令人有兴趣的（表语 /定语） interested

20、adj. 对感兴趣（只做表语）(2)interest v. 引起关注；使 感兴趣be interested in sth./ doing sth. 对变得感兴趣= show great interest in sth. / doing sth. 表现出对 的极大兴趣 ; (3) take/have an interest in =be interested in 对感兴趣(4) places of interest 名胜lose interest in 失去兴趣3.as prep 作为，以 身份4. be used to (doing) 习惯于（做）；适应于（做）(1) use v. 使用us

21、eful adj. 有用的use up 用完(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事(5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事 =be used for doing sth 5.one of .之一one of + the +adj.最高级 +n 复数， 做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

22、- - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - One of the most popular colors is red in China. 6. hit/hit/v. (hit/hit/) 用手或器具击；打hit sb. 击中/撞到某人The ball hit him in the face. 7. almost / nearly adv 差不多、几乎、将近都是程度副词 ,可以用来修饰形容词、副词、动词和名词, 有时它们可以相互取代8. lose lost lost v 失去 lose one s life 失去生命9.beca

23、use of 由于；因为跟句子时用 because , 加名词短语时用 because of 词性用法because 连词后接句子because of 介词短语后接名词或 /ving (1) because of +n/ving / 代词宾格 (用于句中 )Shes worried because of her son. (2) because conj + 从句 （引导原因状语从句）(3) because 还可以回答 why 引导的句子(4) because 和 so 不能一起连用，二者只能用其一。10. on 修饰具体的某一天on a Sunday morning on Friday 11

24、. find found found v寻找(1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很 find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难12.by oneself= alone = on ones own adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。13. run ran run v 跑run out of =use up 用完run out of 其主语通常是人run out 其主语通常是物run across 偶然遇见run after 追求，追逐run

25、 away 逃跑run at 向.冲去14.own (1) adj. 自己的(2) v 拥有 owner n 所有者，物主ones own 某人自己的of one s own /one s own +n 某人自己的(one s 要用 adj. 物主代词代替 ) I want to have a big house of my own. 15. ready adj 准备好的，乐意的，愿意的，做表语be ready to do sth 准备好了啦做某事be ready for sth 为.做准备16.important adj. 重要的，重大的（反） unimportan 作为 adj 常跟在 am,is,are后面，或者 n name,thing 等前面importance n 重要性the importance of sth/doing sth n. 某事、做某事的重要性Our teacher often tells us the importance of studying hard. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -