医学专业英语最全词根.pdf

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1、医学专业英语最全词根都记下来，你也可以看懂 SCISuffixSuffix-ac-al-ar-ary-ase-cle-e-eal-ia-ic-ics-ine/in-ism-ist-itisMeaningMeaningExampleExamplepertaining tocardiac: pertaining to the heart属于，关于心脏（病）的pertaining tomedical: pertaining to medicinepertaining tomolecular: pertaining to a molecule分子的pertaining tociliary: perta

2、ining to the ciliabelonging to睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的enzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts starch tosugar淀粉酶smallnessfollicle: a small bodily cavity or sac小,少,贫乏,小气小囊,(头发的)毛囊an instrument仪器auriscope: an instrument for examining theear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜pertaining tolaryngeal: pertaining to the larynx喉的, 喉音的conditio

3、n; qualityphobia: abnormal fear恐惧，害怕pertaining totoxic: pertaining to toxin有毒的；因中毒引起的study of; name of a sciencepaediatrics:studyofchildren,theirdevelopment and diseases儿科学substance物质insulin：substance (hormone) produced bythe islets of Langerhans in the pancreas胰岛素process or conditionalcoholism: exc

4、essive drinking of alcoholwhich becomes addictive酒精中毒one who specializes inpharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in精通于的人the study of drugs药理专家inflammation refers to a partinrhinitis:inflammationofthenasal-(i)um-ive-let-ment-oid-ole-oma-or/-er-ory-ose-osis-ous-somes-um-y部位的炎症passages鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎relatio

5、n to a whole; related toendometrium: inner lining of the uter 子宫与相关内膜characterizes byantitussive:adrugthatsuppressescoughing止咳药tiny; smalldroplet: a tiny drop小滴theresultorproductofandevelopment: thing which develops or isactionbeing developed; action of becoming matureresembling; likemucoid: resembl

6、ing mucus像粘液样的little; smallcentriole: the small dense structure in themiddle of the centrosome细胞中心粒；中心体tumor; swelling refers to a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin皮肤纤维瘤either a person or thingreceptor:asensorynerveendingthatresponds to various stimuli感受器，受体characterized by; pertaining

7、tosuspensory: which is hanging down悬吊式，悬带sugarfructose: fruits sugar found in honey andsome fruit 果糖abnormal conditiononychocryptosis: abnormal condition of ahidden nail 嵌甲pertaining topoisonous:pertainingtopoison;alsocontaining poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的bodiesribosome: the body of nucleic acid核糖体structure; t

8、hing; substancemagnesium:awhitemetallicchemical结构，物质substance 镁（金属元素）condition; act; processdystrophy: disorder caused by defectivenutrition or metabolism 营养不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesThe following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSuffixS

9、uffix-algia-ase-blastMeaningMeaningpain; painful; conditionenzymeembryo 胚，胚胎，人类胚胎ExampleExamplearthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞-carcinoma malignanttumordevelopingadenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developingfrom connective tissue 相关组from

10、glandular tissue 腺癌织的恶性肿瘤-celeprotrusion; distention 突出；esophagocele: abnormal distention of the膨胀，延伸esophagus 食管突出paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavityfor the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏germicide: (substance) which can kill germs杀菌剂-clastcellphagocyte:ce

11、ll, especially a white bloodcell, which can surround and destroy othercells 噬菌细胞glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛-centesissurgical puncture 手术穿孔-capniacarbon dioxide 二氧化碳-cidekill-dyniapain-ectasia/expansion; dilation(膨胀，扩 atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the张)lungs at birth 肺不张-ectasis-ectomys

12、urgical excision or removal ofgastrectomy:surgicalremovalofthestomach 胃切除术excessiveaccumulationserous fluid 水肿ofmyxoedema:conditioncausedwhenthethyroidglanddoesnotproduceenoughthyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿leukemia: any of several malignant diseaseswhere an abnormal number of leucocytes formin the blood

13、 白血病hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；-edema-emiablood condition-emesisvomiting 呕吐-gen-genesis-globin-gnosis-gram-graph(y)-iasis-iatry/-iatrics-lith-logy-logist-lysis-malacia-mania吐血somethingthatproducedorpathogen: a microorganism or agent capableprouducesof producing disease 病菌，病原体production 生产

14、spermatogenesis: formation and developmentof spermatozoa in the testes精子发生protein 蛋白质hemoglobin:aniron-containingproteinproduced by erythrocytes 血红素knowledgediagnosis: the process of identifying thenature or presence of a disease throughknowledge and examinationimage; pictureelectrocardiogram: a gra

15、phic record of theelectrical activity of heart muscle orheartbeat used in the diagnosis of heartdisease.Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram心电图process of recordingelectocardiography: the process of making记录过程orrecordingelectrocardiograms.Syn.cardiography心电图记录condition; statecholelithiasis:theformation

16、of情况，状况gallstones 胆石症healing, frequently refers to apodiatry: treatment of foot disordersbranch of medicine 康复，常指医学的一个分支足部医疗stonecholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed inthe gallbladder胆结石the study ofcytology: the science study of cells 细胞学one who studies and treatsurologist: a physician who special

17、izes inthe practice of urology 泌尿科医生breakdown, destructionhemolysis: the destruction or breakdown ofred blood cells with release of hemoglobin溶血softeningosteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化extremecompulsionorkleptomania:amorbid,uncontrollablepreoccupation 强迫症-megalygiantcompulsion to steal 盗窃癖acromeg

18、aly: a condition in which there isan enlargement of the facial bones as wellas those of the lungs 肢端肥大症spirometry: measurement of the volume ofair inhaled and exhaled or the air capacityof the lungs 肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛parathormone:whichregulatescalciumbalan

19、ce among the blood, bones, and teeth甲状旁腺激素-metry/-metermeasurement-odyniapain-onehormone 荷尔蒙，激素-opia-opsya defect in the eye眼睛的毛病myopia: being short-sighted 近视to viewbiopsy:excisionoflivetissueformicroscopic diagnosis活检sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症anosmia: loss of the sense of smell 嗅觉丧失-osis-os

20、miamorbid condition 病态的smell-ostomyprocess of making an openinggastrostomy: surgical construction of aninto or a connection between opening from the surface of the abdomen intothe stomach 胃造口术造瘘level of oxygen 氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack ofoxygen in body tissues组织缺氧-oxia-pathy-peniadise

21、ase; diseased conditionophthalmopathy: any eye disease眼病deficiencyleukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in theblood. Syn. leukocytopenia白细胞减少症eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好-pepsia-pexydigestiona fixing or setting firmly inhepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displaceplace by suturing缝合固定liver 肝固定术-phagi

22、a/phaeating; swallowing 吃，吞咽dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing 吞咽困gy难-philattraction 吸引，具有吸引力的basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood事物cell which contains granules嗜碱性粒细胞-phobiafearxenophobia: irrational fear of strangers对外国人的恐惧，憎恶hyperplasia:overdevelopmentorenlargement of an organ or tissue 增生，

23、数量型肥大dysphonia: difficulty in speaking 发声困难-plasiaformation; development-phonia-plasmvoiceformation; growth or substancecytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell 细of formation胞浆surgical repairosteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone骨整形术，骨成形术thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke热射病eupnea: normal breathing 呼吸正

24、常，平静呼吸-plasty-plegia-pneastroke; paralysis 中风breathing-ptosisafalling,thedroppingorhepatoptosis: abnormally low position ofsagging of an organ 器官下移 the liver 肝下垂spitting 分散melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen 黑色痰液;咳黑痰hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用，生血作用-ptysis-poiesisproduction-rrhage/-r

25、rhagia-rrhaphybursting forth of blood 出血 menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding duringmenstruation 月经过多surgical sewing or suturingsplenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen 脾修补术overflowhydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢-rrhea-(o)rrhexissplitting or rupture 撕裂，破amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac裂，疝气羊膜破裂-sarcoma

26、malignanttumordevelopingliposarcoma: malignant tumor containingfrom connective tissuefat脂肪肉瘤-schesisa holding back; suppression of uroschesis: suppression of urine 闭尿，尿discharge 阻碍；抑制排放潴留dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病-sclerosis a hardening-scopeinstrument for viewingstethoscope: an instr

27、ument for performingmedicate ausculation听诊器-scopyprocess of examining visuallyhepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查involuntary contractionangiospasm:suddencontractionofthemuscles in a blood vessel血管痉挛-spasm-stasissuppression;stoppage;hemostasis: the arrest of bleedingcontrol; arrest 抑制，中止止血，止血法-

28、stenosisabnormal narrowing of a duct orlaryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of thecanal 管、道德异常狭窄larynx 喉狭窄-stomysurgical opening to the outsidecolostomy: surgical operation to make anof the body 造口opening from the colon结肠造口术pressuretreatmenthypertention: high blood pressure 高血压physiotherapy:treatment

29、ofdiseasebyphysical means 物理疗法hospitalization:theprocessofbeinghosipitalized 住院embryotocia: abortion 流产arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint关节刀gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术esotropia: turning inward of the eye 内斜视-tention-therapy-tionprocess-tocia-tomelabor; birth 生产tool for incision-

30、tomyprocess of cutting into-tropiaturning 转弯，变向-trophynourishment or development ofdystrophy: disorder caused by defectivean organ 器官的营养、发育nutrition or metabolism营养不良a condition of the urine（小便） dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难turningeversion: a turning outward外翻，翻转-uria-versionHere is a t

31、able of the most commonly used prefixesHere is a table of the most commonly used prefixesPrefixPrefixa-/an-MeaningMeaningwithout; notExampleExampleaphasia:theinabilitytounderstandwrittenorspokenwordsortospeakab-ad-acro-alb-amb-/ambi-amphi-/ampho-ana-Angio-ante-anti-audi-auto-bi-bio-brady-carcin-cata

32、-away fromto; toward; neara point or tipwhitebothboth; both sidesup; back againa blood vesselbeforeagainsthearing; soundselftwo; twiceliving organisms 生命体slowcarcinoma or cancer 癌；瘤downwards; under; against;meaningfully 失语症abortion: expulsion from the uterus流产adnasal: near the nose 近鼻的acronyx: growi

33、ng into the flesh嵌甲albino:apersonlackingnormalpigmentation 白发病者ambisexual 、 bisexual:(person)whoissexuallyattractedtobothmalesandfamales 双性恋amphicentric: beginning and ending in thesame vessel 起止同源的血管anabolism: process of building up complexchemical substances on the basis of simplerones 合成代谢angioma

34、:benigntumorformedofbloodvessel 血管瘤antenatal:duringtheperiodbetweenconception and childbirth 出生前的，怀孕期的antidepressant:(drug)usedtotreatdepression 抗抑郁剂audiometry: science of testing hearing 听力测定autoantibody: antibody formed to attack thebodys own cells 自身抗体bicellular: two cells两室的biochemistry: chemist

35、ry living tissues 生物化学bradycardia:slowrateofheartcontraction, shown by a slow pulse rate心动过缓carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance 致癌物cataract: condition where the lens of theeye gradually becomes hard and opaque 白内along withcenti-one hundredth 百分之一障centimeter:unitofmeasurementoflength(=one hundredt

36、h of a meter)厘米consanguineous: blood relationship 血亲的，血缘的，密切的contraception: prevention of pregnancy byusing devices or drugs 避孕法，节育法decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeineremoved 脱去咖啡因的decagram: ten grams 十克deciliter:unitofmeasurementofliquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10公升diglossia: a double tongue

37、使用两种语言between;apart;diathermy: process of (treating) throughheat透热疗法co(n)-with or togethercontra-againstde-removal or lossdeca-deci-tententhdi-dia-twothrough;acrossdis-dys-reversal or separatebad; difficult; disordereddisintegrate: to come to pieces 分解，破裂dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation ofa j

38、oint 关节变形echocardiography: ultrasonography of theheart 心回波描记，超声心动描记术ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface ofcartilage or bone 外生软骨瘤enostosis: benign growth inside a bone 内生骨疣endocardium: membrane which lines the heart心内膜epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮erythrocyte:maturenon-nucleatedredblood cell

39、红细胞esotropia: turning inward of the eye 内斜视eugenics: study of how to improve the humanecho-soundect-/ecto-en-outside or outerin; withinendo-insideepi-ery-on; overredeso-inward; within(向内)eu-goodex-/ exo-out ofextra-outsidehemi-halfhydro-waterhyper-higher or too muchhypo-less or too littlein-in or in

40、toin-notinfra-below or beneathinter-betweenintra-insideitro-intomal-bad or abnormalmeta-changesmicro-very smallmid-middlemilli-one thousandthrace by genetic selection优生学exhale: to breath out 呼出extracapsular: outside a capsule囊外的hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting oneside of the body 偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂h

41、ydrocele:collection ofwateryliquidfound in a cavity such as the scrotum 阴囊积水hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in theblood 高血糖症hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium inthe blood 低血钾inbreeding:breedingbetweenacloselyrelated male and female 近亲交配incoherent: not able to speak in a way whichmakes sense 语无伦

42、次infrapatellar: below or beneath the patella髌interlobular: between lobules小叶间的intramedullary: inside the bone marrow orspinal cord 髓内introvert: person who thinks only abouthimself and his own mental state 性格内向的人malfunction: abnormal working of an argan机器等运转失常；失灵；出现故障metaplasia: change of one tissue

43、to another化生，转化，组织变形microcyte: abnormally small red blood cell小红细胞midcarpal: between the two rows of carpalbones 腕骨间的milligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克mis-multi-error or wrongmanymiscarriage: spontaneous abortion流产multigravida: a woman who is pregnant andhas been pregnant at least twice bef

44、ore 经产孕妇nocturia:passingabnormallylargequantity of urine when asleep in bed atnight 夜尿症nonagon: flat shape which has nine sides九边形octan: every eight days 八日热；每隔八日发一次的odontology: study of teeth and associatedstructures, and their disordersoncology: scientific study of new gowths肿瘤学orolingual: pertain

45、ing to the mouth andtongue 口与舌的pachysomia: condition where soft tissues ofthe body become abnormally thick躯体肥厚noct-at nightnona-nine or the ninethocta-eightodont-teethonco-tumoursoro-mouthpachy-thickeningpali-/palin-against; pathologic repetitionpalindromic: (disease) which recurs病态的重复复发的，再发的pancyto

46、penia: abnormal depression of allthe cellular elements of the blodd 全血细胞减少症pan-/pant-/allpanto-para-similar to or near; changed or paralyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles)beyondso that they cannot function 使麻痹，使瘫痪fivepentosuria: excretion of pentoses in theurine戊糖尿pen-/penta-per-throughpercutaneous

47、: done or administered throughthe skin 经皮的，由皮的pericystitis:inflammationoftissuearound the bladder 膀胱周炎peri-aroundpero-deformed or defective畸形有缺peromelia:congenital deformityofthe陷的limbs四肢不全pharmaco-drugspharmacology: study of drugs or medicines,pleo-/pleio-pluri-pneum-/pneunmo-poly-post-pre-presby-p

48、ro-/supin-/pron-quadri-/quint-radio-semi-sub-super-too manymoreair or the lungs; breathingtouching many organsafter or laterbefore of in front ofold agebefore or in front oflying on the backbend forwardfourfive/fifthray or radiationhalfunderabove; extremelyandtheiraction,propertiesandcharacteristics

49、 药理学，药物学pleokaryocyte: condition where a greaterthannormalnumberofcellsincerebrospinal fluid 多核细胞pluriglandular: pertaining to or affectingseveral glands 多线性的pneumonia: inflammation of a lung肺炎polyphagia: condition where a patient eatstoo much; morbid desire for every king offood 多食症，杂食症postprandial

50、: after a meal 餐后的premature: early or before the normal time过早的，早产presbyopia: an old persons sight failsgradually 老花眼prognosis: prediction of the outcome of adisease 预测；预后quadruplet or quad: one of four babies bornto a mother at the same time四胞胎radiotherapy:treatingadiseasebyexposing the affected pa