大学体验英语综合教学方案计划教育教程3原文对照翻译.doc

,. 大学体验英语综合教程3课文对照翻译 Unit1:PassageA:CareforOurMotherEarth (Dr. McKinley of Awareness Magazine interviews a group of experts on environmental issues.) 《意识》杂志的麦肯立博士就环境问题对几位专家进行采访 Dr. McKinley: What do you think is the biggest threat to the environment today? 麦肯立博士：您认为目前环境面临的最大威胁是什么 Aman Motwane: The biggest threat to our environment today is the way we, as human beings, see our environment. How we see our environment shapes our whole world. Most of us see everything as independent from one another. But the reality is that everything is part of one interconnected, interrelated whole. For example, a tree may appear isolated, but in fact it affects and is affected by everything in its environment - sunshine, rain, wind, birds, minerals, other plants and trees, you, me. The tree shapes the wind that blows around it; it is also shaped by that wind. Look at the relationship between the tree and its environment and you will see the future of the tree. 阿曼莫特万：现在环境面临的最大威胁来自我们人类对环境的态度。我们对环境的看法决定着我们周围世界的环境。大多数人认为万物是彼此孤立的。但事实上，每一个个体都是一个息息相关、相互联系的整体的组成部分。比如，一颗树看上去或许是孤立的，但它却对其周围环境中的一切——日光、雨水、风、鸟、矿物 质、其它植物和树木、你、我等——施加影响，同时又处于环境的的影响之下。一棵树会影响从它周围吹过的风；风同时又会影响这颗树的生长。了解这棵树与其环境的关系，你就可以预见它的未来。 Most of us are blind to this interconnectedness of everything. This is why we dont see the consequences of our actions. It is time for each of us to open our eyes and see the world as it really is - one complete whole where every cause has an effect. 大多数人对万物之间的相关性视而不见。正因为如此，我们就不了解我们的所作所为会造成的后果。现在我们每个人都应该睁开双眼，看清这个世界的真实面貌——一个因果相循的完整集合体。 Dr. McKinley: Hello Dr. Semkiw. In your research, what environmental issues do you find most pressing? 塞姆基博士，您好。您在研究过程中觉得哪些环境问题最为紧迫？ Walter Semkiw: Two environmental issues that we find most pressing are deforesting and global warming. Mankind has now cut down half of the trees that existed 10,000 years ago. The loss of trees upsets the ecosystem as trees are necessary to build topsoil, maintain rainfall in dry climates, purify underground water and to convert carbon dioxide to oxygen. Trees bring water up from the ground, allowing water to evaporate into the atmosphere. 塞姆基博士：我们认为最严重的两个环境问题是森林砍伐和全球变暖。由于大量砍伐，现在地球上的树木仅有一万年前的一半。毁掉树木也就破坏了生态环境，因 为树木可以维持表层土壤，保证干旱气候地带的降雨量，净化地下水，并将二氧化碳转化为氧气。树木把水从地下带到地面，并让水蒸发到大气中。 The evaporated water then returns as rain, which is vital to areas that are naturally dry. Areas downwind of deforested lands lose this source of rainfall and transform into deserts. Global warming results from the burning of fossil fuels, such as petroleum products, resulting in the release of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses then resulting in the trap heat, resulting in warming of our atmosphere. 随后这些蒸发气 体又再化为雨水返回地面。这对天然的干旱地区是至关重要的。毁林地区的下风区域会因缺乏降雨来源而变为荒漠。全球变暖的原因是燃烧石油等矿物燃料引起的， 因为这会释放出温室气体进入大气。二氧化碳和其它温室气体会聚积热量，最终造成全球气候变暖。 Dr. McKinley: Mr. Nacson, thanks for participating all the way from Australia! What do you suggest the readers of Awareness Magazine can do to help the environmental problem? 麦肯立博士：纳可森博士，谢谢您专程从澳大利亚远道赶来参加我们的访谈。请您告诉《意识》杂志的读者怎样做才有助于解决环保问题。 Leon Nacson: The simplest way to help the environment is not to impact on it. Tread as lightly as you can, taking as little as possible, and putting back as much as you can. 利昂纳可森：保护环境最简单的方法就是不要去摧残它。要尽最大努力去善待它，尽可能少索取，多回报。 Dr. McKinley: What is your specific area of concern regarding the current and future state of the environment? 麦肯立博士：对于环境的现状及未来，您最关心的是什么呢？ Leon Nacson: Air and water pollution are our Number One priorities. It is hard to understand that we are polluting the air we breathe and the water we drink. These are two elements that are not inexhaustible, and we must realize that once we reach the point of no return, there will be nothing left for future generations. 利昂纳可森：空气和水污染是我们关注的首要问题。我们正在污染我们呼吸的空气和饮用的水，这真是让人难以理解。空气和水这两种物质并非取之不竭，我们必须认识到，一旦到了无可挽回的地步，我们的子孙就将一无所有。 Dr. McKinley: Mr. Desai, what an honor it is to have this opportunity to interview you. Can you please share your wisdom with our readers and tell us where you see the environmental crisis heading? 麦肯立博士：德塞博士，很荣幸有这个难得的机会采访您。能否请您与我们的读者交流一下您的高见，告诉我们环境危机会朝什么方向发展呢？ Amrit Desai: We are not separate from the problem. We are the problem. We live divided lives. On one hand, we ask industries to support our greed for more and more conveniences, comfort and possessions. We have become addicted consumers, which causes industrial waste. At the same time, we ignore our connection between our demands and the exploitation of Mother Earth. When we are greedy for more than what we need for our well being, we always abuse the resources of our body and the earth. 阿姆力特德塞：我们不是与环境问题无关的。我们本身就是问题的起因。我们过着双重标准的生活。一方面，我们贪婪地要求工业提供更多便利、舒适和财富。 我们沉溺于消费，造成工业浪费。另一方面，我们却忽视了这种需求和地球母体的承受的能力；生活已是十分优裕，我们却依然贪得无厌地索取，滥用我们自身和地 球的资源。 We are nurtured by the healthy condition of Mother Earth. In humans, if the mother is ailing, the child suffers. We are the cause of the ailing planet and we are the victims. 地球母亲用她健康的环境抚育着我们。就人类而言，母亲生病，孩子就会遭殃；我们既造成了地球的病态，还得自吞恶果。 Dr. McKinley: In closing, I thank all of the participants. I have learned a great deal about what I can do as an individual to help the environment. 麦肯立博士：在 本次访谈结束之际，我要谢谢各位嘉宾的参与。聆听了我们作为一个个体成员应该怎样做才有益于周围的环境，我感到受益匪浅。 I hope these interviews encourage the readers of Awareness Magazine to take action and develop your own strategy. Too many of us just sit back and say "Ill let the experts deal with it." Meanwhile, we are killing the planet. My aim of this interview is to show how one person can make a difference. Thanks to all for offering your wisdom. 希望这次访谈会激励《意识》杂志 的读者去采取行动，制定自己的战略方针。多数人都习惯袖手旁观，还说"让专家们去处理这些问题吧！"。这种态度等于是在毁灭这个星球。本次访谈的目的正是 想说明个人采取行动有多么重要。谢谢各位出谋划策指点迷津。 Unit2:PassageA:EinsteinsCompass Unit2爱因斯坦的指南针 Young Albert was a quiet boy. "Perhaps too quiet", thought Hermann and Pauline Einstein. He spoke hardly at all until age 3. They might have thought him slow, but there was something else evident. When he did speak, hed say the most unusual things. At age 2, Pauline promised him a surprise. Albert was excited, thinking she was bringing him some new fascinating toy. But when his mother presented him with his new baby sister Maja, all Albert could do is stare with questioning eyes. Finally he responded, "where are the wheels?" 小爱因斯坦是个安静的孩子。爱因斯坦夫妇赫尔曼和波琳认为他“或许太安静了”。爱因斯坦到三岁时才开始说话。父母差点就误认为他是反应迟钝，但有一个明显的事实打消了他们的疑虑，因为他真的开口说话时，说出的话便异乎寻常。两岁时，母亲波琳许诺给他一个惊喜。小爱因斯坦非常高兴，以为妈妈会带给他一件有趣的新玩具。但当妈妈把刚出生的妹妹玛嘉抱到他面前时，小爱因斯坦只是以疑虑的眼光盯着她，最后说道，“车轮在哪儿？” When Albert was 5 years old and sick in bed, Hermann Einstein brought Albert a device that did stir his intellect. It was the first time he had seen a compass. He lay there shaking and twisting the odd thing, certain he could fool it into pointing off in a new direction. But try as he might, the compass needle would always find its way back to pointing in the direction of north. "A wonder," he thought. The invisible force that guided the compass needle was evidence to Albert that there was more to our world that meets the eye. There was "something behind things, something deeply hidden." 爱因斯坦五岁的时候有一次卧病在床，父亲赫尔曼送给他一个新玩意。正是这个小玩意启动了他的智力。那是小爱因斯坦第一次见到指南针。他躺在床上摇晃摆弄着这个稀奇的东西，认为自己能将指针糊弄到指向另一个方向。但是无论他怎样摆弄，指针却总是会回到原来指北的位置。“真奇妙”，他想。引导指南针的无形力量使爱因斯坦认识到，我们肉眼看到的只是世界的一部分，事物背后还有“某种东西，某种深藏着的东西。” So began Albert Einsteins journey down a road of exploration that he would follow the rest of his life. "I have no special gift," he would say, "I am only passionately curious." 爱因斯坦就这样踏上了他穷其一生的探索之路。“我没有特殊的天份，”他常常说，“我只是有强烈的好奇心。” Albert Einstein was more than just curious though. He had the patience and determination that kept him at things longer than most others. Other children would build houses of card up to 4 stories tall before the cards would lose balance and the whole structure would come falling down. 爱因斯坦不仅仅只是有好奇心。他的耐心和毅力使他做起事情来能比大多数人都更能持久。其他孩子用纸牌搭楼房，搭到四层高时房子就会摇摇晃晃地坍塌下来。 Maja watched in wonder as her brother Albert methodically built his card buildings to 14 stories. Later he would say, "Its not that Im so smart, its just that I stay with problems longer." 而玛嘉却惊奇地看着她哥哥爱因斯坦能有条不紊地搭起14层纸牌高楼。后来爱因斯坦说道，“这不是因为我有多聪明，而是因为我能坚持得更久。” One advantage Albert Einsteins developing mind enjoyed was the opportunity to communicate with adults in an intellectual way. 阿尔伯特爱因斯坦的思维发展得益于他有机会与成人进行智力交流。 His uncle, an engineer, would come to the house, and Albert would join in the discussions. His thinking was also stimulated by a medical student who came over once a week for dinner and lively chats. 他的叔叔是工程师，经常到爱因斯坦家里来，于是爱因斯坦就有机会参与他们的讨论。爱因斯坦的思想还受到一位医科学生的启迪。此人每星期都来爱因斯坦家一次，与爱因斯坦一家共进晚餐，一起谈天说地。 At age 12, Albert Einstein came upon a set of ideas that impressed him as "holy." It was a little book on Euclidean plane geometry. The concept that one could prove theorems of angles and lines that were in no way obvious made an "indescribable impression" on the young student. He adopted mathematics as the tool he would use to pursue his curiosity and prove what he would discover about the behavior of the universe. 爱因斯坦12岁的时候发现了一系列他认为是“神圣”的观念。那是一本有关欧几里德平面几何的小册子。原来人可以证明那些不易明显看出的角度和线段的定理。 这个想法给年青学生爱因斯坦留下了“难以磨灭的印象”。他把数学当作满足自己好奇心并用以证明他后来发现宇宙运行规律的手段。 He was convinced that beauty lies in the simplistic. Perhaps this insight was the real power of his genius. Albert Einstein looked for the beauty of simplicity in the apparently complex nature and saw truths that escaped others. While the expression of his mathematics might be accessible to only a few sharp minds in the science, Albert could condense the essence of his thoughts so anyone could understand. 他坚信美丽寓于简朴。或许这个悟性才是激发他天分的真正动因。阿尔伯特爱因斯坦在表象复杂的大自然中寻求简朴的美，并发现别人看不到的真理。爱因斯坦用数学公式表达的思想也许只有少数才思敏捷的科学家才能理解，但他却能简洁地阐明自己思想之精随，使人人都能够理解。 For instance, his theories of relativity revolutionized science and unseated the laws of Newton that were believed to be a complete description of nature for hundreds of years. Yet when pressed for an example that people could relate to, he came up with this: "Put your hand on a hot stove for a minute and it seems like an hour. Sit with a pretty girl for an hour and it seems like a minute. THATs relativity." 比如说，他的相对论推翻了数百年来一直被认为是完整地描述了自然界一切规律的牛顿定律， 给科学界带来了一场彻底的变革。但是当有人敦促他举例说明，以便让大众能理解相对论时，他说：“把手放在烫人的炉上时，一分钟就像是一个小时。坐在漂亮姑 娘的身边，一个小时就像是一分钟。这就是相对论。” Albert Einsteins wealth of new ideas peaked while he was still a young man of 26. In 1905 he wrote 3 fundamental papers on the nature of light, a proof of atoms, the special theory of relativity and the famous equation of atomic power: E=mc2. 阿尔伯特爱因斯坦的创新思维在年仅26岁时就达到了高峰。1905年他写了三篇重要的论 文，分别是关于光的本质（证明原子存在）、相对论以及著名的原子能等式：E=mc2。 For the next 20 years, the curiosity that was sparked by wanting to know what controlled the compass needle and his persistence to keep pushing for the simple answers led him to connect space and time and find a new state of matter. 在随后的20年里，正是由于想知道是什么力量控制了指南针的指向所激 发的这份好奇心以及坚持追求简单答案的毅力，引导他将空间与时间联系起来思考问题，由此发现了一种崭新的物质状态。 What was his ultimate quest? 他追寻的最终目标是什么呢？ "I want to know how God created this world.... I want to know His thoughts; the rest are details." “我想知道上帝是怎样创造世界的……我想知道他的思路；其余的就都是细枝末节了。” Unit3:PassageA:BathtubBattleshipsfromIvorydale Unit3 艾弗里代尔开来的浴缸战舰 American mothers have long believed that when it comes to washing out the mouths of naughty children, nothing beats Ivory Soap (a registered trademark of the Proctor & Gamble Company). This is because its reputation for being safe, mild, and pure is as solid and spotless as the marble of the Lincoln Memorial. It doesnt even taste all that bad. And should you drop it into a tubful of cloudy, child-colored water, not to worry - it floats. 美国的妈妈们一直深信，如果要把那些小调皮鬼的嘴巴洗干净的话，没有什么能赛过象牙香皂（宝洁公司的一个注册商标）。这是因为这个牌子的香皂以其安全、柔和而纯正的品质而闻名遐迩，就像林肯纪念堂的大理石一样坚实无瑕。它的口感相当不错呢。而且，如果不慎将香皂落入澡盆，里面盛满了孩子们洗过澡的浑水，你也不用担心找不到——它会自动浮上水面。 Ivory Soap is an American institution, about as widely recognized as the Washington Monument and far more well respected than Congress. It had already attained this noble status when Theodore Roosevelt was still a rough-riding cowboy in North Dakota. Introduced in 1879 as an inexpensive white soap intended to rival the quality of imported soaps, it was mass marketed by means of one of the first nationwide advertising campaigns. People were told that Ivory was "so pure that it floats," and the notion took hold. As a result, at least half a dozen generations of Americans have gotten themselves clean with Ivory. 象牙香皂是一种美国文化现象。它就像华盛顿纪念碑一样得到广泛认可，并且远比国会受人尊崇。当西奥 多罗斯福还在北达科他州当驯马牛仔的时候，象牙香皂就已经拥有目前这种崇高的地位了。1879年，为抗衡进口香皂，象牙香皂被作为廉价白皂投放市场。为进行大规模销售，宝洁公司发起了最早一次全国规模的广告宣传活动，说象牙香皂"纯得可以飘浮起来"，并且使这种观念深入人心。其结果是：至少有许多代的美国人都用象牙香皂洗浴净身。 So many hands, faces, and baby bottoms have been washed with Ivory that their numbers beat the imagination. Not even Proctor & Gamble knows how many billions of bars of Ivory have been sold. The company keeps a precise count, however, of the billions of dollars it earns. Annual sales of Ivory Soap, Ivory Snow, Crest toothpaste, Folgers coffee, and the hundreds of other products now marketed under the Proctor & Gamble umbrella exceed thirty billion dollars. 使用象牙香皂来洗手、洗脸以及给小孩子洗屁股的人不计其数。就连宝洁公司也弄不清楚到底卖出了多少块象牙香皂，但它却准确记载了象牙香皂赚来了多少亿美元。每年，象牙香皂，象牙雪花膏，佳洁士牙膏，佛吉斯咖啡以及其他数百种宝洁公司旗下的产品的销售额超过了三百亿美元。 The company has grown a bit since it was founded in 1837 in Cincinnati, Ohio, by a pair of immigrants named William Proctor and James Gamble, each of whom pledged $3,596.47 to the enterprise. For decades Proctor & Gamble manufactured candles and soap in relatively modest quantities. 1837年，两个外国移民--威廉普罗克特和詹姆士盖博尔--各投资3596.47美元在俄亥俄州的辛辛那提市成立了宝洁公司并发展至今。在创建后的 几十年里，宝洁公司规模较小，主要生产蜡烛和香皂。 It took more than twenty years for sales to top one million dollars, which they did shortly before the Civil War .The companys big break came with the introduction of its floating soap and the realization that an elaborate advertising campaign could turn a simple, though high-quality, product into a phenomenon. The soaps brand name was lifted from "out of ivory palaces," a phrase found in the Bible. So successful was this new product and the marketing effort that placed it in the hands of nearly every American that the company soon built an enormous new factory in a place called Ivorydale. 直到二十多年后（即美国内战即将爆发之前），公司的销售额才突破100万美元。随着漂浮香皂的推出，以 及意识到一系列精心策划的广告活动可以让一种简单的优质产品成为一种时尚，宝洁公司才有了巨大的发展。这种漂浮香皂的商标源于圣经中的"出自象牙宫殿"一语。这种新产品和它的营销手段极其成功，以至几乎所有的美国人都在使用它。这样，宝洁公司很快就在一个名叫艾弗里代尔的地方修建了一座新的大型工厂。 Proctor & Gamble never forgot the advertising lessons it learned with Ivory. For instance, it was among the first manufacturers to use radio to reach consumers nationwide. In 1933 Proctor & Gambles