大学英语上试题带标准答案2.doc

-/ 窗体顶端 窗体顶端 1. He has been trying hard to hold ___________ his temper. A)up to B)in to C)down to D)on to 2. Yesterday I went shopping and found a lot of ___________ in the sale. A)barges B)bargains C)barrages D)barracks 3. The old machine won’t ___________ properly if you don’t oil it regularly. A)affect B)effect C)function D)practice 4. What is really abnormal sleepiness is now almost the norm. A)unique B)regular C)unusual D)odd 5. How soon can I be ____as a member of the school football team? A)received B)admitted C)allowed D)permitted 6. The decay of food can usually be _________ by the sense of smell. A)found B)received C)detected D)protected 7. I’m not particular ____________ my clothes; I don’t mind what I wear. A)in B)with C)about D)for 8. My husband and I ______________ conflicting opinions on this matter. A)make B). hold C)keep D)take 9. We need to _________ the quality of our goods but not increase the price. A)remain B)retain C)stay D)maintain 10. The crowd started to _____________ when the night fell. A)break out B)break in C). break over D)break up 11. He ______________ his arms in front of him as if he were praying to God. A)intended B)extended C)included D)excluded 12. The party leader is an extreme left-winger, but his deputy is more____ in his views. A)modest B)moderate C)monitor D)modern 13. Hardly ___ _ the classroom when the class began. A)he had entered B)he entered C)had he entered D)he was entered 14. In learning a foreign language, various forms of practice are good __________. A)disciplines B)theories C)techniques D)skills 15. Reducing unemployment will be the main _____________ for the new government. A)challenge B)struggle C)war D)fighting 16. Why are you talking in such a strange _______________? A)means B)manner C)matter D)measure 17. Some people think a fast car is a _________ of power and strength. A)view B)symbol C)idea D)sense 18. This is a private dining room where members could _________ groups of friends. A)welcome B)accept C)entertain D)receive 19. The plan____ in the days before costs became so great. A)had formulated B)was formed C)was formulated D). had formed 20. Shall I _________ you up at the airport tomorrow morning? A)send B)pick C)see D)look 21. Experts say that work on the new bridge will cost an ________ five million pounds. A)about B)estimated C)almost D)nearly 22. The boy’s ____________ development was very advanced for his age. A)intelligent B)intellectual C)internal D)external 23. She _________ (up ) her forehead in disgust. A)looked B). pushed C)pulled D)wrinkled 24. I think that she must be a relation of ____. A)theirs B)them C)their D)they’s 25. The soldiers had to remain at their ___________ all night long. A)jobs B)work C)posts D)status 26. Will you meet me we____ were last night? A)there B)when C)where D)then 27. Please __________ sure that the house is locked before you leave. A)make B)take C)do D)let 28. The managing director’s only __________ was how to improve the quality of their products. A)concern B)confirm C)conclude D)confess 29. The young man managed____ from his parents where he was going. A)concealing B)concealed C)to conceal D)having concealed 30. The young man managed ____from his parents where he was going. A)concealing B)concealed C)to conceal D)having concealed 31. Please __________ sure that the house is locked before you leave. A)make B)take C)do D)let 32. Empty __________ makes the most sound. A)ship B)vessel C)boat D)yacht 33. Would you please ________ your visit for a few days, stay a few days longer? A)expand B)lengthen C)stretch D)extend 34. This district has changed so much since I was last here that I hardly __________ it now. A). see B)recognize C)organize D)admit 35. The prisoner has been deprived ________ many privileges that average citizens enjoy. A)of B)at C)by D)on 36. There was a long ___________ before he answered the telephone. A)stop B)break C)interval D)occasion 37. In some _________, people have had to wait two weeks for a doctor’s appointment. A)cases B)cases C). moments D)examples 38. There was a long ___________ before he answered the telephone. A)stop B)break C)interval D)occasion 39. She _________ (up ) her forehead in disgust. A)looked B)pushed C)pulled D)wrinkled 40. The teacher said Tom is ____________ average in his lessons. A). on B)above C)over D)up 窗体底端 窗体顶端 With America’s Midterm Elections over, and a new Commander-in-Chief about to step ##1## soon, some Americans are a ##2## nervous about the nation’s future. But others feel secure, ##3## that the man they consider the most powerful person in the world isn’t ##4## anywhere. Just who is this behind-the-scenes guy that they think ##5## more power than George W. Bush ever ##6##? He’s Alan Greenspan, a ##7## expert economist who heads the Federal Reserve, commonly ##8## as the Fed. Greenspan is a ##9## New Yorker. His first focus was music: He ##10## New York’s Julliard School and toured the country ##11## a year in the early 1940s, playing in the Henry Jerome swing band. If nothing ##12## , friends believe, this experience of US travel gave him the ability to connect dispassionate economic theories ##13## the individuals they affect. “The most outstanding thing ##14## him is he knows the American economy…,” ##15## friend Herbert Stein, an economist. A swing ##16## economics carried him straight into ##17## Republican politics. He advised Richard Nixon in his 1968 ##18##, and served briefly in the Bureau of the Budget. Seven years later, he returned to government service, replacing Mr. Stein ##19## chair of the Council of Economic Advisers in the final days of the Nixon presidency. He agreed only after being assured that Vice President Ford would ##20## him. 1. A)over B)across C)in D)down 2. A)few B)small C)slight D)little 3. A)knowing B)knows C)knew D)known 4. A)walking B)going C)moving D)coming 5. A)have B)was C)had D)having 6. A)will B)did C)does D)does 7. A)74-years-olds B)74-year-olds C)74-year-old D)74-years-old 8. A)noted B)known C)called D)named 9. A)nurture B)national C)natural D)native 10. A)attended B)admitted C)adopted D)adapted 11. A)with B)to C)at D)for 12. A)additional B)extra C)else D)more 13. A)with B)of C)over D)for 14. A)of B)about C)for D)on 15. A)talks B)speaks C)says D)tells 16. A)above B)over C)into D)to 17. A)modest B)moderate C)modern D)model 18. A)cabinet B)debate C)movement D)campaign 19. A)to B)for C)as D)at 20. A)keep B)retain C)stay D)maintain 窗体底端 窗体顶端 American society is not nap-friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, “There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.” Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at the switch. To quote an obscure proverb: “Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven.” 　　Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at the switch is to take naps when you need them. “We have to totally change our attitude toward napping,” says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. 　　Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt,” which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, President Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze every afternoon. 　　About 60% of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a mid-afternoon quiescent phase,” also called “a secondary sleep gate.” Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and improve alertness. Clearly, we were born to nap. 　　We Superstars of Snooze don’t nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we “snack” on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. Call it somnia. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors, couches and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums. 　　There is an exquisite pleasure in giving oneself over to drowsiness, particularly if you’re supposed to be doing something else. And we should all note, napping is one of the few pleasures left that are not life-threatening. 　　The pathologically alert like to think they get more done than nappers. Wrong again. Winston Churchill slept every afternoon when he was the wartime Prime Minister of England. Napoleon napped on the battlefield. Calvin Coolidge, Lyndon Johnson and John Kennedy all took naps. 　　If there is to be a transformation of American sleep behavior, we nappers, the sleep elite, will have to share our “sleeping skills” with those less fortunate than we are, or the nap-impaired. For starters, here are a few of my favorite naps. 　　At work: Nap freedom, to me, is as great an incentive as money or power. Sleeping at work is superbly satisfying, and in some cases necessary. Truck drivers should pull over at the first sign of drowsiness — as should anyone operating machinery, including a word processor. 　　In class: These naps can be pleasant because of the risk involved. I once succumbed to drowsiness in a high-school French class and was awakened by my teacher singing, “Frere Jackques, Frere Jacques, dormezvous?” William Dement has designated sleeping sections in his courses at Stanford. 　　At a concert: Sleeping (discreetly) at a concert can be among life’s great experiences. One rides the music, wafted this way and that on themes and leitmotifs. Wagner in particular promotes vivid dreams. 　　Best nap of all: My all-time-favorite way to snooze is in a hammock on a screened-in porch, on a mild summer day and — this is what makes it perfect — a huge, important book on my chest, open and unread. 　　Such napping says much about the principles we live by — and sleep by. There’s the story told about a young playwright who once asked a famous author to view a rehearsal of his new play. The author slept through the whole thing. Afterward the young man complained, saying he really had wanted the author’s opinion. In a pithy summation of the committed napper’s view of life, the author replied, “Sleep is an opinion.” 1. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is ________. A)unreasonable B)criminal C)harmful D)costly 2. The research done by the Commission shows that Americans _______. A)don’t like to take naps B)are terribly worried about their national debt C)sleep less than is good for them D)have caused many industrial and traffic accidents 3. The purpose of this article is to ______. A)warn us of the wickedness of napping B)explain the danger of sleepiness C)discuss the side effects of napping D)convince the reader of the necessity of napping 4. The “American debt” is the result of ______. A)the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep B)the new sleep policy of Clinton Administration C)the rapid development of American industry D)the American’s worry about the danger of sleepiness 5. The sentence “Rather, we ‘snack’ on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it.” means that it is ______. A)preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift B)good practice to eat something light before we go to bed C)essential to make up for lost sleep D)natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it The amount of sleep each person needs depends on many factors, including age. Infants generally require about 16 hours a day, while teenagers need about 9 hours on average. For most adults, 7 to 8 hours a night appears to be the best amount of sleep, although some people may need as few as 5 hours or as many as 10 hours of sleep each day. Women in the first 3 months of pregnancy often need several more hours of sleep than usual. The amount of sleep a person needs also increases if he or she had been deprived of sleep in previous days. Getting too little sleep creates a “sleep debt”, which is much like being overdrawn at a bank. Eventually, your body will demand that the debt be repaid. We don’t seem to adapt to getting less sleep than we need; while we may get used to a sleep-depriving schedule, our judgment, reaction time, and other functions are still impaired. 　　People tend to sleep more lightly and for shorter time spans as they get older, although they generally need about the same amount of sleep as they needed in early adulthood. About half of all people over 65 have frequent sleeping problems, such as insomnia, and deep sleep stages in many elderly people often become very short or stop completely. This change may be a normal part of aging, or it may result from medical problems that are common in elderly people and from the medications and other treatments for those problems. 　　Experts say that if you feel drowsy during the day, even during boring activities, you haven’t had enough sleep. If you routinely fall asleep within 5 minutes of lying down, you probably have severe sleep deprivation, possibly even a sleep disorder. Microsleeps, or very brief episodes of sleep in an otherwise awake person, are another mark of sleep deprivation. In many cases, people are not aware that they are experiencing microsleeps. The widespread practice of “burning the candle at both ends” in western industrialized societies has created so much sleep deprivation that what is really abnormal sleepiness is now almost the norm. 　　Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous. Sleep-deprived people who are tested by using a driving simulator or by performing a hand-eye coordination task perform as badly as or worse than those who are intoxicated. Sleep deprivation also magnifies alcohol’s effects on the body, so a fatigued person who drinks will become much more impaired than someone who is well rested. Driver fatigue is responsible for an estimated 100,000 motor vehicle accidents and 1,500 deaths each year, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Since drowsiness is the brain’s last step before falling asleep, driving while drowsy can — and often does — lead to disaster. Caffeine and other stimulants cannot overcome the effects of severe sleep deprivation. The National Sleep Foundation says that if you have trouble keeping your eyes focused, if you can’t stop yawning, or if you can’t remember driving the last few miles, you are probably too drowsy to drive safely. 6. Which of the following statements