淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站 > 教育专区 > 教案示例 > 学生信息管理方案计划系统(C语言学习知识根据链表文件).doc

学生信息管理方案计划系统(C语言学习知识根据链表文件).doc

-*#include#include#include#include#include#define LEN sizeof(struct student)#define DAT_FILENAME Information.txt/*定义数据结构*/struct dateint year;int month;int day;struct studentint ID;char Name8;int age;char xb;char telephone15;char address40;struct date birthday;char email40;struct student *next;/*函数原型*/void DispMainMenu();void DisplayInformation(struct student *head);struct student *FindstudentID(struct student *head,int findID);struct student *FindstudentName(struct student *head,char findname);struct student *InformationInput(struct student *head);void QueryInformation(struct student *head);struct student *EditInformation(struct student *head);struct student *Insert(struct student *head,struct student *p);void Save(struct student *head);struct student *Read(struct student *head);struct student *Delete(struct student *head,int findID);struct student *Add(struct student *head);void Help();/*显示主菜单*/void DispMainMenu()printf(*学生信息管理系统*n);printf(n);printf(tttt1-信息录入n);printf(n);printf(tttt2-信息修改n);printf(n);printf(tttt3-信息查询n);printf(n);printf(tttt4-保存数据到文件n);printf(n);printf(tttt5-打开数据文件n);printf(n);printf(tttt6-文件追加n);printf(n);printf(tttt7-帮助n);printf(n);printf(tttt0-退出n);printf(n);printf(友情提示：初次使用请先阅读帮助n);printf(*n);printf(请选择(0-7):);/*显示主菜单*/*帮助*/void Help()printf(nttt欢迎进入帮助系统!nn); printf(t1.请按照主菜单提示选择所需执行功能的数字代号!n);printf(t2.所有文件请按照规范输入n);printf(t3.刚开始执行程序时若需要文本文件里的数据，请先进行读取文件信息!n);printf(t4.修改信息以后，请切记需要保存!n);printf(n);/*显示所有学生信息*/void DisplayInformation(struct student *head)struct student *p;printf(*);printf(n学号t姓名t年龄t性别t 电话tt地址t 出生年月t emailn);p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN);p=head;if(head!=NULL)while(p!=NULL)printf(%-dt%-st%-dt,p-ID,p-Name,p-age);printf(%-ct%-st%-st,p-xb,p-telephone,p-address);printf(%-d %d %d,p-birthday.year,p-birthday.month,p-birthday.day);printf(t%-sn,p-email);p=p-next;elseprintf(无数据n);/*查找指定学号的学生信息*/struct student *FindstudentID(struct student *head,int findID)struct student *p;p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN);p=head;if(head!=NULL)while(p!=NULL)if(p-ID=findID)break;p=p-next;elseprintf(无数据n);return p;/*查找指定姓名的学生信息*/struct student *FindstudentName(struct student *head,char findname)struct student *p;p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN);p=head;if(head!=NULL)while(p!=NULL)if(strcmp(p-Name,findname)=0)break;p=p-next;elseprintf(无数据n);return p;/*学生信息录入*/struct student *InformationInput(struct student *head)int number,i;struct student *p;p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN);printf(n请输入本次录入的学生人数：);scanf(%d,&number);for(i=0;iID);printf(ttt 姓名：t);scanf(%s,p-Name);printf(ttt 年龄：t);scanf(%d,&p-age);printf(ttt 性别(男M、女W)：);scanf(%s,&p-xb);printf(ttt 电话(八位)：t);scanf(%s,p-telephone);printf(ttt 地址：t);scanf(%s,p-address);printf(ttt 出生年月：t);scanf(%d%d%d,&p-birthday.year,&p-birthday.month,&p-birthday.day);printf(tttemail:t);scanf(%s,p-email);head=Insert(head,p);p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN);printf(n 您的输入信息是：n);DisplayInformation(head);return(head);/*学生信息查询*/void QueryInformation(struct student *head)char select;int findID;char findname8;struct student *p;printf(*请选择查询方式*n);printf(t1-按学号查询；t2-按姓名查询n);printf(*n);printf(请选择(1-2):);/*显示菜单信息*/select=getche();getch();switch (select)case1:printf(n 按学号查询n 请输入学生的学号：);scanf(%d,&findID);if(p=FindstudentID(head,findID)!=NULL) /*找到指定学号的学生*/printf(n 查找结果如下：n);printf(n学号t姓名t年龄t性别t 电话tt地址t 出生年月t emailn);printf(%dt%st%dt,p-ID,p-Name,p-age);printf(%ct%st%st,p-xb,p-telephone,p-address);printf(%d %d %d,p-birthday.year,p-birthday.month,p-birthday.day);printf(t%sn,p-email);else /*没有找到*/printf(您输入的学号不存在！n);break;case2:printf(n 按姓名查询n 请输入学生的姓名：);scanf(%s,&findname);if(p=FindstudentName(head,findname)!=NULL) /*找到指定姓名的学生*/printf(n 查找结果如下：n);printf(n 学号t 姓名t 年龄t 性别t 电话t 地址t 出生年月t emailn);printf(%dt%st%dt,p-ID,p-Name,p-age);printf(%ct%st%st,p-xb,p-telephone,p-address);printf(%d %d %d,p-birthday.year,p-birthday.month,p-birthday.day);printf(t%sn,p-email);else /*没有找到*/printf(您输入的姓名不存在！n);break;default:printf(选择错误！n);/*修改学生信息*/struct student *EditInformation(struct student *head)int findID;char select;struct student *p;printf(n 请输入学生的学号：);scanf(%d,&findID);if(p=FindstudentID(head,findID)!=NULL) /*找到指定学号的学生*/printf(*请修改方式*n);printf(t1-修改信息；t2-删除信息n);printf(*n);printf(请选择(1-2):);select=getche();getch();switch (select)case1: /*修改信息*/printf(您选择的是修改信息！n);printf(姓名：%sn,p-Name);printf(原信息：学号：%dt 年龄：%dt 性别：%cn,p-ID,p-age,p-xb);printf(t 电话：%st 地址：%stemail:%sn,p-telephone,p-address,p-email);printf(请输入新信息n);printf(学号t);scanf(%d,&p-ID);printf(姓名：t);scanf(%s,p-Name);printf(年龄：t);scanf(%d,&p-age);printf(性别(男M、女W)：);scanf(%s,&p-xb);printf(电话：t);scanf(%s,p-telephone);printf(地址：t);scanf(%s,p-address);printf(出生年月：t);scanf(%d%d%d,&p-birthday.year,&p-birthday.month,&p-birthday.day);printf(email:t);scanf(%s,p-email);break;case2: /*删除信息*/printf(您选择的是删除信息！n);head=Delete(head,findID);break;else /*没有找到学号匹配的记录*/printf(您输入的学号不存在!n);return (head);/*有序插入*/struct student *Insert(struct student *head,struct student *p)struct student *p0,*p1;if(head=NULL)head=p;p-next=NULL;return(head);if(p-IDID)p-next=head;head=p;return(head);p1=head;while(p-IDp1-ID)&(p1-next!=NULL)p0=p1;p1=p1-next;if(p-IDID)p-next=p1;p0-next=p;elseif(p-ID=p1-ID);elsep1-next=p;p-next=NULL;return(head);/*保存数据到文件*/void Save(struct student *head)FILE *fp;struct student *p;p=head;if(fp=fopen(DAT_FILENAME,w+)!=NULL) /*以W+的方式打开文件*/while(p!=NULL)fprintf(fp,%dt,p-ID);fprintf(fp,%st,p-Name);fprintf(fp,%dt,p-age);fprintf(fp,%ct,p-xb);fprintf(fp,%st,p-telephone);fprintf(fp,%st,p-address);fprintf(fp,%d %d %dt,p-birthday.year,p-birthday.month,p-birthday.day);fprintf(fp,%sn,p-email);p=p-next; /*将链表的内容写入文件*/fclose(fp);elseprintf(cannot open filen);/*打开数据文件*/struct student *Read(struct student *head)struct student *p;p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN);FILE *fp;if(fp=fopen(DAT_FILENAME,r)!=NULL)/*读取文件中的内容到链表中*/while(fscanf(fp,%dt,&p-ID)!=EOF)fscanf(fp,%st,p-Name);fscanf(fp,%dt,&p-age);fscanf(fp,%ct,&p-xb);fscanf(fp,%st,p-telephone);fscanf(fp,%st,p-address);fscanf(fp,%d %d %dt,&p-birthday.year,&p-birthday.month,&p-birthday.day);fscanf(fp,%sn,p-email);head=Insert(head,p);p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN);fclose(fp);elseprintf(cannot open filen);return head;/*文件内容追加*/struct student *Add(struct student *head)head=Read(head);head=InformationInput(head);return (head);/*删除信息*/struct student *Delete(struct student *head,int findID)struct student *pre,*p;if(head-ID=findID)p=head;head=head-next;elsepre=head; p=pre-next;while(p!=NULL&p-ID!=findID)pre=p;p=p-next;if(p-ID=findID)pre-next=p-next;free(p);return (head);/*主函数*/void main()char select,c;struct student *head;head=NULL;select=0;while(select!=0)DispMainMenu();select=getche();getch();switch(select)case0:printf(n您选择的是退出！n);_beep(300,400);continue;case1:system(cls);printf(n您选择的是信息录入！n);head=InformationInput(head);break;case2:system(cls);printf(n您选择的是信息修改！n);head=EditInformation(head);break;case3:system(cls);printf(n您选择的是信息查询！n);QueryInformation(head);break;case4:system(cls);printf(n您选择的是保存数据到文件！n);Save(head);break;case5:system(cls);printf(n您选择的是打开数据文件！n);if(head=Read(head)!=NULL)DisplayInformation(head);break;case6:system(cls);printf(n您选择的是文件追加！n);head=Add(head);break;case7:system(cls);printf(n您选择的是帮助！n);Help();break;default:printf(n选择错误！请重新选择！n);printf(请选择返回主界面或退出!n); /选择是否继续printf(主界面:1t退出:2t); scanf(%d,&c);while(!(c=1|c=2)printf(选择错误，请重新选择!); printf(n主界面:1t退出:2t); scanf(%d,&c); if(c=1) system(cls); else system(cls); _beep(300,400); printf(nt您已安全退出!n); break;

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关键词：: 学生信息管理方案计划规划系统语言学习知识根据依据文件

资源描述：: -* #include #include #include #include #include #define LEN sizeof(struct student) #define DAT_FILENAME "Information.txt" /**********************定义数据结构********************/ struct date { int year; int month; int day; }; struct student { int ID; char Name[8]; int age; char xb; char telephone[15]; char address[40]; struct date birthday; char email[40]; struct student *next; }; /*************************函数原型*********************/ void DispMainMenu(); void DisplayInformation(struct student *head); struct student *FindstudentID(struct student *head,int findID); struct student *FindstudentName(struct student *head,char findname[]); struct student *InformationInput(struct student *head); void QueryInformation(struct student *head); struct student *EditInformation(struct student *head); struct student *Insert(struct student *head,struct student *p); void Save(struct student *head); struct student *Read(struct student *head); struct student *Delete(struct student *head,int findID); struct student *Add(struct student *head); void Help(); /************************显示主菜单***************************/ void DispMainMenu() { printf("*********************************学生信息管理系统******************************\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t1--信息录入\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t2--信息修改\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t3--信息查询\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t4--保存数据到文件\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t5--打开数据文件\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t6--文件追加\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t7--帮助\n"); printf("\n"); printf("\t\t\t\t0--退出\n"); printf("\n"); printf("友情提示：初次使用请先阅读帮助\n"); printf("*******************************************************************************\n"); printf("请选择(0-7):");/*显示主菜单*/ } /*************************************帮助**************************************************/ void Help() { printf("\n\t\t\t欢迎进入帮助系统!\n\n"); printf("\t1.请按照主菜单提示选择所需执行功能的数字代号!\n"); printf("\t2.所有文件请按照规范输入\n"); printf("\t3.刚开始执行程序时若需要文本文件里的数据，请先进行读取文件信息!\n"); printf("\t4.修改信息以后，请切记需要保存!\n"); printf("\n"); } /***********************显示所有学生信息**********************/ void DisplayInformation(struct student *head) { struct student *p; printf("*******************************************************************************"); printf("\n学号\t姓名\t年龄\t性别\t 电话\t\t地址\t 出生年月\t email\n"); p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN); p=head; if(head!=NULL) while(p!=NULL) { printf("%-d\t%-s\t%-d\t",p->ID,p->Name,p->age); printf("%-c\t%-s\t%-s\t",p->xb,p->telephone,p->address); printf("%-d %d %d",p->birthday.year,p->birthday.month,p->birthday.day); printf("\t%-s\n",p->email); p=p->next; } else printf("无数据\n"); } /**************************查找指定学号的学生信息******************************/ struct student *FindstudentID(struct student *head,int findID) { struct student *p; p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN); p=head; if(head!=NULL) while(p!=NULL) { if(p->ID==findID) break; p=p->next; } else printf("无数据\n"); return p; } /***************************查找指定姓名的学生信息**********************/ struct student *FindstudentName(struct student *head,char findname[]) { struct student *p; p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN); p=head; if(head!=NULL) while(p!=NULL) { if(strcmp(p->Name,findname)==0) break; p=p->next; } else printf("无数据\n"); return p; } /********************学生信息录入**********************************/ struct student *InformationInput(struct student *head) { int number,i; struct student *p; p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN); printf("\n请输入本次录入的学生人数："); scanf("%d",&number); for(i=0;iID); printf("\t\t\t 姓名：\t"); scanf("%s",p->Name); printf("\t\t\t 年龄：\t"); scanf("%d",&p->age); printf("\t\t\t 性别(男M、女W)："); scanf("%s",&p->xb); printf("\t\t\t 电话(八位)：\t"); scanf("%s",p->telephone); printf("\t\t\t 地址：\t"); scanf("%s",p->address); printf("\t\t\t 出生年月：\t"); scanf("%d%d%d",&p->birthday.year,&p->birthday.month,&p->birthday.day); printf("\t\t\temail:\t"); scanf("%s",p->email); head=Insert(head,p); p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN); } printf("\n 您的输入信息是：\n"); DisplayInformation(head); return(head); } /**************************学生信息查询*************************/ void QueryInformation(struct student *head) { char select; int findID; char findname[8]; struct student *p; printf("*********************请选择查询方式*************************\n"); printf("\t1--按学号查询；\t2--按姓名查询\n"); printf("************************************************************\n"); printf("请选择(1-2):");/*显示菜单信息*/ select=getche(); getch(); switch (select) { case1: printf("\n 按学号查询\n 请输入学生的学号："); scanf("%d",&findID); if((p=FindstudentID(head,findID))!=NULL) /*找到指定学号的学生*/ { printf("\n 查找结果如下：\n"); printf("\n学号\t姓名\t年龄\t性别\t 电话\t\t地址\t 出生年月\t email\n"); printf("%d\t%s\t%d\t",p->ID,p->Name,p->age); printf("%c\t%s\t%s\t",p->xb,p->telephone,p->address); printf("%d %d %d",p->birthday.year,p->birthday.month,p->birthday.day); printf("\t%s\n",p->email); } else /*没有找到*/ printf("您输入的学号不存在！\n"); break; case2: printf("\n 按姓名查询\n 请输入学生的姓名："); scanf("%s",&findname); if((p=FindstudentName(head,findname))!=NULL) /*找到指定姓名的学生*/ { printf("\n 查找结果如下：\n"); printf("\n 学号\t 姓名\t 年龄\t 性别\t 电话\t 地址\t 出生年月\t email\n"); printf("%d\t%s\t%d\t",p->ID,p->Name,p->age); printf("%c\t%s\t%s\t",p->xb,p->telephone,p->address); printf("%d %d %d",p->birthday.year,p->birthday.month,p->birthday.day); printf("\t%s\n",p->email); } else /*没有找到*/ printf("您输入的姓名不存在！\n"); break; default: printf("选择错误！\n"); } } /*********************************修改学生信息***********************/ struct student *EditInformation(struct student *head) { int findID; char select; struct student *p; printf("\n 请输入学生的学号："); scanf("%d",&findID); if((p=FindstudentID(head,findID))!=NULL) /*找到指定学号的学生*/ { printf("*********************请修改方式*************************\n"); printf("\t1--修改信息；\t2--删除信息\n"); printf("************************************************************\n"); printf("请选择(1-2):"); select=getche(); getch(); switch (select) { case1: /*修改信息*/ printf("您选择的是修改信息！\n"); printf("姓名：%s\n",p->Name); printf("原信息：学号：%d\t 年龄：%d\t 性别：%c\n",p->ID,p->age,p->xb); printf("\t 电话：%s\t 地址：%s\temail:%s\n",p->telephone,p->address,p->email); printf("请输入新信息\n"); printf("学号\t"); scanf("%d",&p->ID); printf("姓名：\t"); scanf("%s",p->Name); printf("年龄：\t"); scanf("%d",&p->age); printf("性别(男M、女W)："); scanf("%s",&p->xb); printf("电话：\t"); scanf("%s",p->telephone); printf("地址：\t"); scanf("%s",p->address); printf("出生年月：\t"); scanf("%d%d%d",&p->birthday.year,&p->birthday.month,&p->birthday.day); printf("email:\t"); scanf("%s",p->email); break; case2: /*删除信息*/ printf("您选择的是删除信息！\n"); head=Delete(head,findID); break; } } else /*没有找到学号匹配的记录*/ printf("您输入的学号不存在!\n"); return (head); } /**************************有序插入***************************************/ struct student *Insert(struct student *head,struct student *p) { struct student *p0,*p1; if(head==NULL) { head=p; p->next=NULL; return(head); } if(p->IDID) { p->next=head; head=p; return(head); } p1=head; while((p->ID>p1->ID)&&(p1->next!=NULL)) { p0=p1; p1=p1->next; } if(p->IDID) { p->next=p1; p0->next=p; } else { if(p->ID==p1->ID) ; else { p1->next=p; p->next=NULL; } } return(head); } /*******************************保存数据到文件**************************/ void Save(struct student *head) { FILE *fp; struct student *p; p=head; if((fp=fopen(DAT_FILENAME,"w+"))!=NULL) /*以W+的方式打开文件*/ { while(p!=NULL) { fprintf(fp,"%d\t",p->ID); fprintf(fp,"%s\t",p->Name); fprintf(fp,"%d\t",p->age); fprintf(fp,"%c\t",p->xb); fprintf(fp,"%s\t",p->telephone); fprintf(fp,"%s\t",p->address); fprintf(fp,"%d %d %d\t",p->birthday.year,p->birthday.month,p->birthday.day); fprintf(fp,"%s\n",p->email); p=p->next; } /*将链表的内容写入文件*/ fclose(fp); } else printf("cannot open file\n"); } /***************************打开数据文件************************/ struct student *Read(struct student *head) { struct student *p; p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN); FILE *fp; if((fp=fopen(DAT_FILENAME,"r"))!=NULL) { /*读取文件中的内容到链表中*/ while(fscanf(fp,"%d\t",&p->ID)!=EOF) { fscanf(fp,"%s\t",p->Name); fscanf(fp,"%d\t",&p->age); fscanf(fp,"%c\t",&p->xb); fscanf(fp,"%s\t",p->telephone); fscanf(fp,"%s\t",p->address); fscanf(fp,"%d %d %d\t",&p->birthday.year,&p->birthday.month,&p->birthday.day); fscanf(fp,"%s\n",p->email); head=Insert(head,p); p=(struct student *)malloc(LEN); } fclose(fp); } else printf("cannot open file\n"); return head; } /**************************文件内容追加************************/ struct student *Add(struct student *head) { head=Read(head); head=InformationInput(head); return (head); } /**************************删除信息****************************/ struct student *Delete(struct student *head,int findID) { struct student *pre,*p; if(head->ID==findID) { p=head; head=head->next; } else { pre=head; p=pre->next; while(p!=NULL&&p->ID!=findID) { pre=p; p=p->next; } if(p->ID==findID) pre->next=p->next; } free(p); return (head); } /*********************************主函数***************************/ void main() { char select,c; struct student *head; head=NULL; select=0; while(select!=0) { DispMainMenu(); select=getche(); getch(); switch(select) { case0: printf("\n您选择的是退出！\n"); _beep(300,400); continue; case1: system("cls"); printf("\n您选择的是信息录入！\n"); head=InformationInput(head); break; case2: system("cls"); printf("\n您选择的是信息修改！\n"); head=EditInformation(head); break; case3: system("cls"); printf("\n您选择的是信息查询！\n"); QueryInformation(head); break; case4: system("cls"); printf("\n您选择的是保存数据到文件！\n"); Save(head); break; case5: system("cls"); printf("\n您选择的是打开数据文件！\n"); if((head=Read(head))!=NULL) DisplayInformation(head); break; case6: system("cls"); printf("\n您选择的是文件追加！\n"); head=Add(head); break; case7: system("cls"); printf("\n您选择的是帮助！\n"); Help(); break; default: printf("\n选择错误！请重新选择！\n"); } printf("请选择返回主界面或退出!\n"); //选择是否继续 printf("主界面:1\t退出:2\t"); scanf("%d",&c); while(!(c==1||c==2)) { printf("选择错误，请重新选择!"); printf("\n主界面:1\t退出:2\t"); scanf("%d",&c); } if(c==1) system("cls"); else { system("cls"); _beep(300,400); printf("\n\t您已安全退出!\n"); break; } } }

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