大学英语四级议论文资料题型及规范文本.doc

.- 问题解决型议论文 写作模板——提纲式作文 1． 对立观点式 A. 有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？ B. 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？ C. 我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 2． 批驳观点式 A．一个错误观点。 B． 我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。 There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。 3． 社会问题(现象)式 A．一个社会问题或者现象 B． 产生的原因 C．对社会和我们生活的影响 D． 如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话) E． 前景的预测。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 同上 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will …….. 辩论式议论文模版1 Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3. In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或:From above, we can predict that 预测. 模版2 People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 论据1. For another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3. To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测. 模版3 There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。 Furthermore, 论据2。 Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测 *写作模式： 1. 提出问题现象 2. 分析问题产生的原因 3. 提出解决方法或期望 *常用句型 问题陈述部分 1. Nowadays, … has become a serious problem we have to face. 2. With the development of modern industry, more and more people are concerned about the problem of… 3. Recently, the problem of … has aroused/captured/drawn/caught worldwide attention. 4. Nowadays more and more people come to realize the importance of … 5. It is undeniable/There is no denying the fact that… has become the utmost concern among people nowadays. 原因分析部分 1. The reasons can be listed as follows. For one thing… For another… 2. It is no easy job to find out the reasons for the problem, which involves several different factors. On the one hand… On the other hand… Finally… 3. There are a variety of reasons for this phenomenon. One important reason is… What’s more… To make things worse,… 问题解决部分 1. People have figured out many ways to solve this problem. Firstly… Secondly… Finally… 2. It is high time that we figured out ways to deal with the problem. Here are a few examples of some of the measures that might be taken immediately. 3. There is no easy approach to this issue, but …might be of some help. 4. No effective solution is at hand to tackle the problem, but the general awareness of importance of … must be enhanced at first. 表达期望部分 1. We do not have a perfect solution at present, but as long as we do it with our brains and hands, we will resolve the problem eventually. 2. As this problem is very complicated, people can hardly rely on one way to solve it completely. 3. I am confident/positive/sure that a perfect solution will be found in future. 4. I am looking forward to a day when people can live together in more harmony 范文 How to Eliminate Cheating on Campus 1. 当前校园中存在许多作弊现象 2. 解决这一问题的办法是…… Nowadays. instead of listening attentively in class and working hard after class, a number of students adopt all kinds of dishonest methods to get high scores in examinations. It has become such a serious problem that it has aroused the concern from the whole society. To put an end to such a serious problem, in my opinion, it calls for the efforts from all sides. First of all, the university authority should make it clear that any cheating behaviors in the examinations, such as whispering and copying, receiving answers via mobile phones to asking others for help, will be severely punished with no exception. Moreover, teachers of all subjects should go all the way to restore honesty by setting an example for the youth through speaking sincerely and behaving truthfully. Last but not least, young students, the future of our nation, should view integrity诚实 as the prerequisite先决条件 to an upright诚实的and responsible citizen so as to learn to fight dishonest behaviors throughout the society. Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating消除 cheating at all levels can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future. 对立观点型： 结构图 引出话题 / \ 一种观点认为…… 另一种观点认为…… ↓ 我的观点（结论） n (一)点明文章主题的常用句式 n When it come to ``````, opinions vary from person to person. n 当谈到```````时,不同的人对此有不同的看法. n Different people have different views/perspectives/opinions on``````` n 不同的人对``````有不同的看法. n 5. There is an argument/much disagreement/no consensus (n. 同感) of opinions among people concerning/over/as to /on`````` n 关于``````,人们的看法不尽相同. n 6. The issue of whether….. or not has been widely/hotly argued/debated. n 关于是否要``````的话题,如今正在被广论/热烈地讨论. n (二)具体介绍两种对立式观点的常用句式 n Some people suggest/maintain/hold the opinion that ``````But/However/While/Nevertheless/Yet/other people hold a different point of view`````` n 有些人认为``````,但是另外一些人却持有不同的观点. n Some people are inclined to think that…On the contrary/In contrast, there are still many people who won’t agree, and they claim… n 一些人往往认为``````,但是仍然有些人对此表示异议,他们认为`````` n When it comes to …some people think/believe that… while others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . n 当谈及``````的时候,有些人认为``````,但是其他人却站在相反意见的一边. n Those who criticize/oppose to/object to…argue that…But people who advocate/favor…,on the other hand, maintain/assert that…l n 那些批评/反对``````的人认为``````,但是赞成``````的人认为`````` (三)陈述个人观点 n 1. As far as I am concerned/For my part, I would like to agree to the former. n 就我而言,我赞同前一种观点. n 2. As to me , I agree to the latter opinion to certain extent. n 就我而言,我比较同意后一种观点. n 3. I’m in favor of……/I’m on the side of …… n 我赞成`````` n 4. In my opinion, both sides are partly right when we……we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems and then make the right decision. n 我认为双方都有一定的道理. 当我们``````我们应该全面考虑问题,然后做出正确的决定 　参考文章: 1. 有些人认为某些数字会带来好运。 　2. 也有些人认为数字与运气无关。 　3. 试说明你的看法。 　 ①When asked about lucky numbers, different people will offer different opinions. Some people think that ② lucky numbers can bring good luck. They hold this view because ③they believe lucky numbers will help them fulfill their wishes - to be rich or successful. 　④However, there are still many people who wont agree. They argue that ⑤ such kind of idea is only ignorant无知的 and superstitious迷信的 belief. Besides, ⑥they think numbers are just numbers and each number is equal in its importance. ⑦Personally, I am on the side of the latter后者 argument. For one thing, ⑧ numbers, including lucky numbers, are just a tool for counting, They dont have magic power. For another, ⑨whether we will have good luck or not depends on ourselves instead of lucky numbers, If we work hard and make good preparations, good luck will come to us. 　　⑩Therefore, lucky numbers dont bring good luck. It is our hard work and good preparations that bring us good luck. 说明利弊型 v 描述某一现象 v 分析其优点 v 分析其缺点 v 我的态度和看法 说明事物优点的常用句型 v …has a positive impact /influence/effect on people’s lives v …has playing an increasingly important role in people’s lives. v In spite of the disadvantages ,it has its beneficial effects. 说明缺点的常用句型 v Of course ,the disadvantages can not be ignored. v As the proverb goes ,every coin has its two sides. …is no exception. 说明事物利大于弊的常用句型 v As to me, I think the advantages outweigh /carry more weight than the disadvantages. v Anyway ,I still believe …has more advantages than disadvantages . 范文 The Two-day Weekend 1. 双休日给大学生带来的好处。 2. 双休日可能给大学生带来的问题。 3. 我应当怎样过好双休日。 The two-day weekend The advance of science and technology makes people have more free time. Nowadays, we have two-day weekend. The weekend can bring benefits to college students because they can have much more leisure time. Sports fans can play in the playground. Some students who are interested in social work can join many clubs. Of course, we also can get a part time job to gain some work experience. On the contrary, the two-day weekend also arouses problems. There is a growing concern over the students who dont put too much attention to their study. For example, some students always idle away their time, playing cards, drinking, gambling. These problems are really serious. Taking into account all these factors, we can safely come to the conclusion that the students will waste more time if they dont make good use of it. As a student, busy as I am with my study, I also do many interesting things such as reading novels, writing articles at the two-day weekends. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. It is really true. 阐述主题型 v 1.阐明观点或提出问题 v 2.摆出事实和理由加以论述 v 3.得出结论 引出格言，谚语的常用句型 v Here is an old saying… v As an old saying goes … v All the people believe the proverb that… 举例说明的常用句型 v For instance /For example v Take …for example v To name only a few 事实证明的常用句式 v No one can deny /ignore /overlook the fact that… v The latest survey /studies conducted by …indicate/reveal/show/prove that… v One may not forget the old days when … 结论性结尾常用句型 v From what have been discussed above ,we may reach /draw the conclusion that… v In summary /In conclusion /In a word /In brief /In short /To sum up /On the whole, it is important that… v As far as I am concerned / For my part /As for me, I am in favor of the former/ the latter. 范文 一、 Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way 1. 怎样理解“有志者事竟成” 2. 例如，。。。 3. 结论 Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way There is an old saying that “Where there is a will, there is a way”, which means as long as a person possess a strong will he will certainly accomplish a task no matter how difficult it is. In other words, one of the most important things to achieve success is a firm resolution. This is the case in all walks of life(各行各业). For example, Karl Marx spent five years on his greatest work Das Kapital.（资本论） Cao Xueqin spent ten years on his world famous book Dreams of Red Chamber. Without a strong will and firm determination they couldn’t have fulfilled such brilliant works. However, some people don’t have the fearless spirit. Whenever they meet difficulty they draw back from it. As a result, they never accomplish anything. Therefore, if we wish to succeed, we must first have a resolution and remember the saying “ Where there is a will, there is a way.” 　 词的替代 v People/person→individual, characters, folks v good →perfect, excellent, outstanding v many →an army of, an ocean of, a sea of ,a multitude（大批的） of v some →quiet a few ,several v think /in my opinion→take the attitude that, harbor (怀有)the idea that, hold the view that, it’s widely shared that, for my part, from my own perspective(观点) v thing →affair, business, matter v aspect →facet, sphere v fear→ Be fearful of (adj .→n.) v For example → to name only a few, take…as an example v remember → bear in mind that