小学英语时态讲解及其练习进步(可直接整理编辑).doc

.\ 小学英语语法【一】一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍 一、一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时用法练习 一、出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________study_______ brush________ do______ teach_______ like play read wash be 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1.He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3.We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4.Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5.______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6.What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7._____ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8.The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9.She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10.There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11.Mike _______(like) cooking. 12.They _______(have) the same hobby. 13.My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14.You always _______(do) your homework well. 15.I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16.She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17.Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18.The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19.Su Hai and Su Yang _____(have) eight lessons this term. 20. －What day _____(be) it today?－ It’s Saturday. 三、按照要求改写句子 2.I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _____________________________________________________ 3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) __________ ____________ ____ 4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _______________________ ____________ 6.He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________ 7.John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_ ______________________ 一般现在时练习 1.Heoften(have)dinnerathome. 2.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne. 3.We(notwatch)TVonMonday. 4.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday. 5.they(like)theWorldCup? 6.Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays? 7.yourparents(read)newspapers everyday? 8.Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays. 9.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening. 10.There(be)somewaterinthebottle. 小学英语语法【二】现在进行时 现在进行时 1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+ be + 动词ing? 标志词：look now listen It’s +点钟 动词加ing的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting ,write—writing , ride—riding ,have—having come—coming dance—dancing live—living take—taking skate—skating 3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：swim—swimming begin—beginning run-running, sit—sitting put—putting get—getting shop—shopping stop-- stopping 现在进行时练习 一、写出下列动词的现在分词： play________ run__________ swim _________make__________go_________ skate________ write________ ski___________read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson . 6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music. 9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换： 1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________ 小学英语语法【三】一般将来时 一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构：①be going to + do；②will+ do. 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。 例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。 例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 六、同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空。 1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends. 2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What ________ ________ _________ _______ ______ next Monday? I ______ ______ _____ play basketball. What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball. 3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit. 4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 改句子。 5.Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy ________ going to go camping. 6.I’ll go and join them.（改否定）I _______ go ______ join them. 7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_______ ______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 9.She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） ________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 用所给词的适当形式填空。 11.Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 12.My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week. 13.Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He __________ (go) to school by bike. 14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects? 15.It’s Friday today. What ___she ____ (do) this weekend? She ______(watch) TV and_______ (catch) insects. 16.What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows. 17.Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 18.Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday. 19.David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 20.I ________________ (plan) for my study now 小学英语语法【四】一般过去时 一、一般过去时语法介绍 1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。 2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t） ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）二、动词过去式变化规则 1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5．不规则动词过去式： 词义 现在（原形） 过去式 词义 现在（原形） 过去式 是 am, is (be) was 忘记 forget forgot 是 are (be) were 得到 get got 成为 become became 给 give gave 开始 begin began 走 go went 弯曲 bend bent 成长 grow grew 吹 blow blew 有 have, has had 买 buy bought 听 hear heard 能 can could 受伤 hurt hurt 捕捉 catch caught 保持 keep kept 选择 choose chose 知道 know knew 来 come came 学习 learn learned, learnt 切 cut cut 允许，让 let let 做 do, does did 躺 lie lay 画 draw drew 制造 make made 饮 drink drank 可以 may might 吃 eat ate 意味 mean meant 感觉 feel felt 会见 meet met 发现 find found 必须 must must 飞 fly flew 放置 put put 读 read read 将 shall should 骑、乘 ride rode 唱歌 sing sang 响、鸣 ring rang 坐下 sit sat 跑 run ran 睡觉 sleep slept 说 say said 说 speak spoke 看见 see saw 度过 spend spent 扫 sweep swept 三、过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式 is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________drink_________ play_______ go________ make________does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____taste_________ eat__________draw________ put ______throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ 四、Be动词的过去时练习 Be动词练习一 （一）用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _______ at school just now.2. He ________ at the camp last week. 3. We ________ students two years ago.4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There _______ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone ______ on the sofa yesterday evening. （二）句型转换 1. It was exciting. 否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 2. All the students were very excited. 否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ Be动词的过去时练习二 （一）用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ an English teacher now. 2. She _______ happy yesterday. 3. They _______ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends. 5. The little dog _____ two years old this year. 6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.. 8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. （二）句型转换 1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 五、行为动词的过去时 练习一（一）用行为动词的适当形式填空 1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night. 3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween. 4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week. 5. I ______ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday. 6. They ______ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival. 8. The girls ____ (sing) and ___ (dance) at the party. （二）句型转换 1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day. 否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 2. Nancy went to school early. 否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 3. We sang some English songs. 否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 行为动词的过去时练习二 （一）用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go) 4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______. 8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly. （一）用动词的适当形式填空 1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday. 2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night. 3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday. 5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read) 6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play) 7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now. 8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____. 9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday. 一、用动词的适当形式填空 1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car. 2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago. 3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean) 4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do) 5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago. 6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick) 7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water) 8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances. 9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk) 小学英语语法（五） （Have、Has和There be结构） 一、Have、Has和There be结构 1、There be结构包括there is there are there was there were 2、意思都是"有"。 小学英语语法复习要点2代词 一代词：代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。 二代词的种类：人称代词和物主代词 1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。 2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。 人称代词 物主代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 我 I me 我的 my mine 你，你们 you you 你的，你们的 your yours 他 he him 他的 his his 她 she her 她的 her hers 它 it it 它的 its its 我们 we us 我们的 our ours 他（她，它）们 they them 他（她，它）们的 their theirs 4. 相互代词有：each other, one another... 5. 指示代词：this , that , these , those , 6. 疑问代词　who, what, whose... 7. 关系代词　which, that, who, whom... 8. 连接代词　what, who, whose... 9. 不定代词 没有指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词all, each, both, either, neither, one, any... 练习题： 1.That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big.( I ) 2.The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 3.Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 4._________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he ) 5._________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you ) 6.Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ?( she ) 7.I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you ) 8.Show _________ your kite, OK? (they) 9.I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it ) 10.Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. ( they ) 11.Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we ) 12._________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she