初中英语被动语态讲解.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师精编优秀资料中学英语被动语态讲解英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承担者。一、被动语态的构成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分 词构成。助动词be 必需与主语的人称和数量保持一样，并有时态的变化。例如： The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages.二、被动语态的用法（ 1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难

2、以说明经常用被动语态。例如：Street lightsare oftenturnedonatsixinwinter.The new test book will be used next term.（ 2）当动作的承担者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关怀而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如：Thiskindofbicycleisnotsoldinourshop.Thethief was caught by a policeman yesterday.（ 3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的如是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间

3、接宾语前 就需加介词to或 for 。例如：The pianist gave the pupils间接宾语 some advice直可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结接宾语 名师精编优秀资料可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结 The pupils were given some a

4、dvice by the pianist. Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.4在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、 hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加 to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。例如： The boss made them work ten hours a day.They were made to work ten hours a day.Aboysaw himenter the house. Hewas seen to enter the

5、house.三、 被动语态的时态中学英语教材中显现了五种时态 的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。一般现在时构成：助动词be +动词的过去分词例如： This kind of car is made in shanghai.一般过去时构成：助动词was/were +动词的过去分词例如： The bridge was built in 1992.现在进行时构成： be + being +动词的过去分词例如： A new bridge is being built in my hometown.过去进行时构成： was/were + being +动词的过去分词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品

6、名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结一般将来时名师精编优秀资料可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结构成： will/be going to do + be +动词的过去分词例如： These books are going to be posted tomorrow.过去将来时构成： would/waswere goin

7、g to do + be + 动词的过去分词现在完成时构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词例如： Has his work been finished.过去完成时构成：助动词had + been +动词的过去分词带有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词 例如： Can this walkman be repaired here. 主动语态改为被动语态的步骤：主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语。主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态。主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by 的宾语 。主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语时，转换方

8、法有两种：把间接宾语转化为主语，保留直接宾语把直接宾语转化为主语，保留间接宾语。此时，一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词（通常是介词for 或 to。在短语 see sb. do sth.中，动词 see后跟不带 to 的不定式可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师精编优秀资料作宾补。改为被动语态时要加上to。用于这一结构的谓 语动词一般是表示知

9、觉的动词如see, hear,watch,find等，以及使役动词make, let 等。第三节巩固练习.把以下主动语态改为被动语态:1、We often use a recorder in our English class.2、They will show a new film next week.3、When did they build the house.4、I saw the boy enter the room.5、Will they show a new film next week. 6、Have they posted the letter yet.7 、 We often

10、 see him help his classmate. 8、You must turn off the light before you go to bed.9 、 Who is repairing the bike. 10、The student should learn all the texts by heart.答案 1. A recorder is often used in our English class.2. A new film will be shown by then next week.3. When was the house built by them.4. T

11、he boy was seen to enter the room.5. Will a new film be shown by them next week.7. He is often seen to help his classmate.8. The light must be turned off before you go to bed.9. Who is the bike being repaired by.By whom is the bike being repaired.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -

12、第 4 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师精编优秀资料10. All the texts should be learned by heart by the students. .挑选填空 :可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. The reading roomA. cleanedB. is cleanedC. was cleaningD. was cleaned2. The workers were madeA. workB. to

13、 workC. workingD. workedyesterday afternoon.ten hours a day.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. FoodA. must keepin a cool place in summer.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结B. mustn t keepC. must be keptD. mustn t be kept4. His fatherA. sentB. was sentC. has sentD. has be

14、en sentto work in Hong Kong3 years ago.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结5. The penA. writeswell.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师

15、归纳总结B. is writtenC. was writtenD. writing6. Great changesA. have taken place名师精编优秀资料in the townsince 1988.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结B. have been taken placeC. has taken placeD. has been taken place7. Our compositions mustA. be hand inB. be handed inC. handed inD. be handing in8

16、. Thechildwill month.A. sentB. sendC. be sentD. be sendingnext Monday.backtohisparentsnext可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结9. his workyet.A. havebeen finishedB. hasbeen finishedC. hasfinishedD. havefinished可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名

17、师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结10. The classroomA. is cleaningB. is being cleaningC. is being cleanedD. is cleaned名师精编优秀资料now.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结 .用适当时态和语态的动词填空:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1、Can he2、What language3 、 Thefilm Sunday.4、These TV setsspeak English.spea

18、k in that country. showmanytimessincelastmake in Sichuan.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结5、It has got so dark. Would you pleaseon the light.turn可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6、Anewhospitalbuildinthisareanow.7、the bookreturn.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结8.Rice 9、The windowgrow in the south.not b

19、reak by the boy.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结10、I答案1. speak2 is spokentell henot come just now.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. has been shown4. are made5. turn可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师精编优秀资料6. is being built7. Has returned8. is grown9. wasn t broken10. was tolddidn t come可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载