初中英语语法---形容词和副词含练习.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -专题复习 - 形容词和副词（一）一、形容词的构成及其用法用以修饰名词等表示人和事物的性质、特点的词叫形容词。 它在句中可以充当定语、表语和宾语补足语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。Eg. Those big moon cakes are delicious.作 表语 Eg. There are many beautiful flowers in the park. 作定语 1. 修饰词尾为 -body/-one; -thing不定代词时，必需放在其后。Eg. Theres nothing wrongwith m

2、y bike.Eg. Please give mesomething deliciousto eat. Eg. Anybody clevercant do such stupid things.2. 表示长、宽、高、深或年龄的形容词的常用结构：数词+名词+形容词12 years old/ 8meters long/ 3 meters wide/ 100 kilometers high/ 1.8meters tall Eg. Its a river 6 meters deep.Eg. Thats a road 300 kilometers long.Eg. The young man is 1.

3、8 meters tall.3. 系动词（ look, sound, smell, taste, fe）el之后要接形容词Eg. The soup tastes nice.Eg. They all looked very happy after hearing the good news.4. ing 形容词和 -ed 形容词的区分-ed 形容词通常用来形容人，而-ing 形容词通常用来形容事或物 如： disappointed/excited/interested/surprised/bored/amazed/relaxed某人感到扫兴 /兴奋/好玩/古怪/厌烦/震动/放松disappoin

4、ting /exciting /interesting /surprising /boring /amazing/ relaxing（某事）令人扫兴的 /兴奋的 /好玩的 /古怪的 /厌烦的 /震动的 /放松的5. “the +部分形容词 ” 表示“一类人”the youngthe oldthe richthe poor二、副词的构成和用法。副词是用来说明时间、的点、程度、方式等概念的词，主要用来修饰动词、动词词组、形容词等。副词的构成形式主要有两大类：1. 单词本身就是副词。 例如：often, now, always, then, yesterday, today, much, very,

5、 a bit, so, here, there等,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -2. 大部分副词都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly 构成的，其构成方法见下表：大多数形容词直接加 -lybad-badly; careful-carefully以-y 结尾的形容词变-y 为-i,再加 lyeasy-easily; busy-busily以 le 结

6、尾的形容词去掉-e, 再加-yterrible-terribly; gentle-gently以辅音 +e 结尾的形容词直接加 -lynice-nicely; safe-safely以元音 +e 结尾的形容词去掉-e, 再加-lytrue-truly留意： 1形容词 good的副词形式是 well2high; fast; late; early 等形容词和副词同形3 有些以 -ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词，如：friendly 友好的 。lovely可爱的 。 lively（生动的）。ugly（丑陋的）。lonely（孤独的。 孤寂的）3. enough足够的。足够的 ：当 enough修饰

7、名词时，要放在名词前面。而修饰形容词或副词时，就要放在其后。Eg: We haveenough foodto eat.Eg. The clothes aresoft enoughfor you to wear.4. 易混词辨析1） hard 和 hardlyhard作“艰辛的，坚硬的”时是形容词。作“努力的，辛苦的”是副词hardly意为“几乎不”，只能作副词eg. The diamond is very hard.The old man lived a hard life in the past.Mary works very hard, but his brother is very la

8、zy and he hardly works.2） alone 和 lonelyalone 意为“单独的，独自的” ，作副词，强调客观事实lonely 意为“孤寂的，孤独的”作形容词，含有主观的感情颜色eg. The old lady lives alone, but she never feels lonely.课堂练习：Task1:翻译短语。1.劳碌的一天2.回家晚3.认真的书写4.一本好玩的书5.特别喜爱6.漂亮的花7.刚才8.立刻9.九个新同学10.悄悄的坐着11.起床早12.度长假13.欢乐的女孩14.大大的蓝色眼睛Task2: 用所给词的正确形式填空.1. Ken is in pl

9、aying football, he thinks football is .interest可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -2. I feel very now, doing nothing at home is .bore3. I feel at the news. disappoint4. We will make you by th

10、e hairstyle.excite5. You will be by reading this film.relax可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6. Weallfelt news.surprisewhenweheardofthe 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结7. I wont feelif I don t findanswers. satisfyTask3: 单项挑选。1. We are. Because his story is not.A. tired; oldB. sleepy欲睡的 ; interestingC. hungry; delicio

11、usD. happy; interesting2. Itvesry. Please close the door and the windows.A. coldB. hotC. warmD. expensive3. Jack went to school. His parents were angry.A. lateB. earlyC. wellD. soon4. The children are sleeping. Please walk.A. fastB. beautifullyC. quietD.quietly5. Tomgoes to the zoo. The dogs there k

12、now him.A. soonB. oftenC. carefullyD. kind6. Its summer. Autumn is coming.A. very muchB. just nowC. tomorrowD. soon7. This river is.A. 500 meter longB. 500 meters longC. 500 long metersD. 500 long meter8. Is this a photo of your daughter. She looksin the pink dress.A. lovelyB. quietlyC. politelyD. h

13、appily9. The question isfor you to answer.A. enough easyB. enough easilyC. easy enoughD. easily enough10. The ice in the lake is about one meter. Its strong enough to skate on.A. longB. highC. thickD. wide11. I haveto do today.A. anything importantB. something importantC. important nothingD. importa

14、nt something12. Pass myglassesto me, Jack. Because I canread the words in the newspaper.A. hardlyB. reallyC. clearlyD. nearly13. The twins are together most of the time. So they never feel.A. lonelyB. aloneC. happilyD. friendly14. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining.A. badly

15、B. hardlyC. stronglyD. heavily15. He looked at itagain.A. careB. carefulnessC. carefulD. carefully可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -课后练习：Task1: 依据句意及所给提示，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. The little girl

16、is cryingsad.2. Simon is a good car salesman. He can sell cars verygood.3. Your math is not very good. You should study ithard.4. Do you see thegirl over there. She can dance beautiful.5. We saw many different birds in the park and we learn to tell people about them correct.Task2: 挑选形容词或副词（划线部分） ，连词

17、成句。1. The birds; nice/ nicely; sing2. soft/softly; she; the door; closed3. speak; fluent/ fluently; three languages; can; she4. careful/ carefully; write your report; please5. Mr Zhang; in; working; busy/ busily; the office; isTask3: 单项挑选。1. -Mr Smith, would you please speak a little more.-Sorry. I

18、thought you would follow me.A. slowlyB. politelyC. seriouslyD. clearly2. -Your coffee smells.-Thank you. I made it by myself. Would you like to taste it.A. wellB. sweetC. nicelyD. bad3. The shoes sell, because they arein quality.A. good; wellB. good; goodC. well; wellD. well; good4. He is aworker an

19、d does everything.A. careful; carefulB. carefully; carefullyC. carefully; carefulD. careful; carefully5. Remember not to speakwhen we are in the reading room.A. fastB. slowlyC. politelyD. loudly6. The Internet is very useful for us. We can find information.A. easyB. easilyC. excitedlyD. angrily7. It

20、 was veryin the classroom, so the teacher had to walk.A. quiet; quietlyB. quietly; quietC. quiet; quietD. quietly; quietly8. The meat smells. Youd better throw it away.A. badlyB. badC. goodD. well9. We love to go to the country in spring as the flowers smell so.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - -

21、- - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -A. wellB. niceC. wonderfullyD. nicely10. -Your father doesnlotok. Hes lookingat you. Whats wrong.- I ve broken his vase.A. happy; angryB. happily; angrilyC. happy; angrilyD. happily; angry11. T

22、he young lady walked into the roomin order not to wake up the baby.A. quicklyB. quietlyC. slowlyD. hurriedly12. -Dont worry. My mother will look after your baby.-Thanks a lot.A. careful enoughB. enough carefulC. enough carefulD. carefully enough专题复习 - 形容词和副词 二 三、形容词和副词比较等级的构成：重点1. 规章变化：1） 一般在词尾加 -er

23、 或-est如： long-longer-longest; fast-faster-fastest;high-higher-highest; strong-stronger-strongest2) 以字母 e 结尾的词，直接加 -r 或者-st如： wide-wider-widest; nice-nicer-nicest; large-larger-largest3) 以辅音字母加y 结尾的词，变 y 为 i, 再加-er 或-est如： happy-happier-happiest; easy-easier-easiest; busy-busier-busiest4) 以“辅 -元-辅”结构

24、结尾的单词，双写最终一个辅音字母，再加-er 或-est如： hot-hotter-hottestwet-wetter-wettest5) 部分双音节词和全部的多音节词，在词前加more 或 most如： useful-more useful-most usefulhelpful-more helpful-most helpful beautiful-more beautiful-most beautifulexpensive-more expensive-most expensive difficult-more difficult-most difficult important-more

25、 important-most important2. 不规章变化：口诀：多好与一点点坏。相差很远加一老many/much-more-most good/well-better-best little-less-leastbad-worse-worstfar-farther-farthest/ far-further-furthest留意： farther/ farthest-表示实际距离，意为： “更远的 /最远的” Eg. I cant walk any farther.further/ furthest-表示抽象距离，意为： “更进一步 /最深层次的”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品

26、名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -eg. further talk/ communication old-older-oldest/ old-older-oldestolder/oldest: 表示年龄上的大小，而elder/ eldest表示辈份上的大小eg. He is five years older than me. eg. elder sister/ brother四

27、、形容词和副词的等级用法： （重难点）1. 原级的用法：确定句： A+谓语+as+adj 原级+as+B表示“ A 与 B 一样”Eg. Mary is as tall as Lily.Eg. This room is as wide as that one.否定句： A+谓语+not+as/so+adj原级+as+B 表示“ A 不如 B” Eg. Mary is not as/so tall as Lily.拓展：与比较级进行转换：=Mary is shorter than Lily.=Lily is taller than Mary.2. 比较级的用法：两者之间进行比较， than 是比

28、较级的标志1）A+ 谓语+比较级 +than+B 表示“ A 比 B 更”Eg. This room is bigger than that one.2) Who/ Which+谓语+比较级， A or B. 表示“ A 或 B 哪个更”Eg. Who is more beautiful. Lily or Lucy. Eg. Which tastes better. apple or orange.3+be+the+比较级 +of the two.Eg. Moli is the better of the two girls.4) 单音节词：比较级 +and+比较级 表示“越来越”双音节词：

29、more and more+adj/ adv原级 表示“越来越”Eg. Grandpa is getting older and older.Eg. Sara is turning more and more beautiful.5) the+比较级， the+比较级表示“越，越”eg. The more, the better.Eg. The happier he is, the healthier he will be.留意：比较级前可以用much; a little; far; even; a lot; any 等修饰， 而 very; too; quite 等词不能修饰比较级。3. 最

30、高级的用法：三者或三者以上的比较用最高级，表示“最”，形容词最高级前面的“the” 确定不行以省略，而副词最高级前的“the”可以省略。1）the+最高级 +of/in, of 后接数字， in 后接范畴留意：此句型中of 与 in 是要用最高级的标志Eg. He is the tallest of the three/ four/ five/all. Eg. He is the tallest in his class.2 Who/ Which+谓语+最高级， A or B or C.Eg. Who is the best. Susan, Linda or Mandy.可编辑资料 - - -

31、 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -3）+be+one of the+最高级 +复数名词表示“最之一”Eg. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world.4the+序数词 +最高级表示“第几的”Eg. He is the second tallest student in his class. Eg. She

32、 is the third youngest lady in the group.4. 原级，比较级和最高级之间的转换。1）原级和比较级之间的转换Eg.Mary is not as/so tall as Lily.=Mary is shorter than Lily.=Lily is taller than Mary.2最高级和比较级之间的转换He is the tallest boy in his class.=He is taller than any other boy in his class.=He is taller than the other boys in his class

33、.课堂练习：Task 1: 写出以下形容词或副词的比较级和最高级。shortniceheavyusefulhotmanylittlegoodwellcoldsmallbigmuchbusybadoldfar beautiful important carefullyTask 2: 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. You should practice asmuch as you can.2. He isyoung than his two sisters.3. The patient iswell than before.4. She is one of thetall girls in

34、 her class.5. An ocean islarge than a sea.6. The market isdirty than the supermarket.7. Which do you likewell, English or Physics.8. Summer is thehot season of the year.9. Who is theshort, Lily, Ann or Molly.10. I think Tom is thegood of the three.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - -

35、-第 7 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Task 3: 单项挑选1. Welcome to our hotel. Itsin the city.A. goodB. betterC. bestD. the best2. Because of the Internet, we can get informationthan before.A. fastB. fasterC. fastestD. more fast3. The athlete is get

36、ting older and older and cannot jump asas he did before.A. highB. higherC. highestD. much higher4. He speaks Englishthan any other student in his class.A. bestB. goodC. wellD. better5. Of all the apples in the basket, this one is.A. the reddestB. redderC. reddestD. the redder6. My bike is asas Lucys

37、. You can use either of them.A. as better asB. as good asC. as well asD. as best as7. Which is the, the train station, the bus station or the airport.A. farB. farthestC. fartherD. more far8. January ismonth in Beijing, but it is different in Australia.A. coldB. colderC. coldestD. the coldest9. The i

38、ce in the lake is asas it was before.A. thinB. thinnerC. thinnestD. the thinnest10. -It s winter now. The days are getting.-Yes. We have to start early.A. more and more longB. longer and longerC. more and more shortD. shorter and shorter11. Canada is the secondcountry in the world.A. largeB. largerC

39、. largestD. more larger12. -Which isseason in Shenzhen.-Maybe it is summer. Its often too hot to go out.A. worstB. the worstC. bestD. the best13. He is the cleverest boythe three.A. atB. ofC. fromD. in14. I hope to receive your letter asas possible.A. quickB. quicklyC. highD. highly15. In Shenzhen,

40、it is hot in July, but its evenin August.A. hotB. hoterB. hotterD. hottest课后练习：Task 1: 写出以下形容词或副词的比较级和最高级。1. wonderful2. tall3. bad4. little5. few6. good7. many8. well9. much10. easy可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总

41、结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Task 2: 单项挑选。1. I think this card isthan that one.A. niceB. nicerC. nicestD. the nicest2. Zhang Ming ranfaster than the other boys in the sports meeting.A. soB. muchC. veryD. too3. Sorry, I took your MP4 by mistake. I ll becareful next time.A. mostB. moreC. muchD. many4. I

42、n the exam, the more careful you are,mistakes you will make.A. the fewerB. the fewestC. the lessD. the least5. I love Shenzhen because it is becoming.A. more and more beautifulB. beautiful and beautifulC. clean and cleanD. more and more clean6. The film isone I ve ever seen.A. more excitingB. exciti

43、ngC. the most excitingD. most exciting7. Kelly thinks Chinese is much.A. more usefulB. usefulC. the most usefulD. most useful8. The dress looked asas that one.A. more beautifulB. beautifulC. the most beautifulD. beautifully9. The bag is eventhan that one.A. cheapB. more cheaperC. cheaperD. the cheapest10. The weather is getting.A. more and more dryB. more drierC. drier and drierD. much more drier11. The man lookshis brother.A. taller thanB. as taller asC. as tallest asD. the tallest of12. Tony isin math than Chinese.A. interestedB. more interestedC. interestingD. more inter