冀教版八级英语下各课知识点总结.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结1.Whats the weather like today.Unit 1 lesson1可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结这句是用来询问天气的一个常用句子,仍可以说成：How is the weather. 2.It will be snowy and hot today.snowy是 形 容 词 , 意 思 是 有 雪 的 , 雪 大 的 。 它 是 由 名 词snow+y构 成 , 类 似 的 词 仍 有 ：cloudy;rainy;sunny;windy;icy;foggy;thirsty;dirty;healthy;3.Whats the tempera

2、ture.问温度是多少时,不用how manymuch ,要用 what4.I hope not.它的确定形式为 I hope so.类似的表达法有： Im afraid so.Im afraid not. I think soI dont think so. 5.Im scared of thunder.be scared of sb.sth.可怕某人或某物。这里scared 是过去分词,作形容词。如：Im scared of wild animals.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结scare仍可以作动词。如：You scared me.1.Whats the date t

3、oday.Its March twenty-first.lesson2可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Whats the date.是用来询问日期的一个常用句子,也可以说成：What is todays date.假如询问星期要用 What day is today.What day is it today. 2.In spring,the weather becomes warmer.become 是系动词,与 get 一样,常接形容词作表语。与get 不同的是它仍可以接名词作表语,表示身份的变化。应为：成为。如： The days are becominggetting l

4、onger in summer. He became a lawyer in 1998.3. The temperature goes up. go up意思是上升,与 rise 同义,与 go down 或 set相反。如： The sun goes uprises in the east and goes downsets in the west.4. Thunder makes a loud noise.make a noise意思是发出声响,吵闹。如：The baby is sleeping.Dont make a noise.You可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结sh

5、ouldnt make a noise in class.lesson3可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. Spring has arrived in Shijiazhuang.arrive 是不及物动词,意思是到达。 arrive in+ 大的点（国家、的区、城市） arrive at+小的点（学校、商店、车站、邮局等类似的点） ,的点为副词时 inat 要省去。如：He arrived in Paris.The train arrived at the station.They arrived home early.reach 表示到达时,是及物动词,直接与到达的的点 n

6、 连用。如： He reached Paris.The train reached the station.- 1 -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结get to 表示到达时,后跟副词表示的的点时to 要省去,如： He gets there on time.2. Every morning I see many people in the park exercising.see sb. doing sth. 表示观察某人在做某事,如：Can you see them playing football over there.see sb. do sth表. 示观察某人做过某事,

7、如：I often see him play football on the playground.这样的词仍有： hear;watch;notice 等。3. The sun will set in about fifteen minutes.in 是介词,表示在 .以后,用于将来时, 后面跟表示一段时间的名词。 此时,不能用 after 替换 in.如：He will be back in two days.They will finish the work in ten months.4. We wont see any flowers until May.not.until. 意思是直

8、到 .才.。until 可以作介词或连词。 如：They didnt leave until they finished the work.He wont go to bed until 11 oclock.5. Next month,maybe we will play in our shorts and T shirts.in 表示穿着,它可以跟表示衣服或衣服颜色的名词, 意思是穿着 .颜色的衣服。如：The girl in the hat is my sister.They are playing in new clothes.Our teacher is in a red dress

9、today.All of them are in black.lesson41. Weather is warming,. 这里 warm 是动词,意思是变暖,它也可用作形容词,如：Its warm in spring.Its getting warmer day by day.2. one by one 一个接一个的 如 You can plant the seeds one by one 类. 似的词语仍有： year by year;day by day.3. See it bring the seasons change.see sb.sth. do st看h. 到某人或某事物做过某事

10、,change这里是名词,它也可以做动词,如： He changed his clothes.lesson51.Lets go cycling.go cycling =go to ride a bike去骑车。如： He often goes cycling on Sunday.lets do sth.表示让某人做某事lets not do sth.让某人不要做某事,如： Lets have a rest. Lets not go there. 2.How about baseball,then.howwhat about+nprondoing sth.如： I like spring.How

11、 about you.What about a cup of coffee.How about opening the window.3. The ball always hits me on the head.hit sb. on the+身体部位,表示打在某人的某个部位, 如：He hit me on the head.He was so angry that he hit Mary in the face.4. Shall we play soccer.Shall weI.表示征求对方看法, 可以.吗。.好吗。如：Shall we go swimming.Shall I sit here

12、.lesson61.Danny is babysittinghis cousin Debie at the playground.babysitting是双写 t+ing而来的,这样的词仍有：- 2 -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结swimming;running;beginning;getting;putting等。 at the playground 也可以说成 inon the playground. 2.Hold on,Debbie.hold on 可以表示稍等,别挂断。抓紧,如：Hold on a minute.He held on to the rope. 3.D

13、anny will push you.push 这里是动词,意思是推,它也可以用作名词.push sb.=give sb. a push.4. Its time to stop swinging,debbie.stop doing sth. 停止做某事。 stop to do sth.停下来做某事。 如：They stopped to smoke a cigarette.I must stop smoking.When he saw his teacher on the street,he stopped to talk to her.All the students stopped talk

14、ing when the teacher came in.5. Debbed gets off the swing.get off. 意思是从 .下来,通常指下火车、巴士、 轮船、飞机等,反义词组是get on.如： Dont get off the bus until it stops.They will get off the train in Beijing.上、下小汽车或电梯常用get intoout of.lesson71.I thought about it all day at school.think about 意思是摸索,考虑,想起,想到.;如:I am thinking

15、about my friend in the country. Dont think about it any more.2.I thought that it would be easy to babysit there.it 在此代替后面的不等式to babysit there,作形式主语 ,如:It is interesting to climb the hill.Itis hard to answer the question.3.I was scared that she would hurt herself,but.herself 是反身代词 ,意思是她自己 .当主语和宾语 指同一

16、个人时 ,宾语应用反身代词 .如:She can look after herself.My mother taught herself English.反身代词仍可以作同位语 ,起加强语气的作用 .如:She can do it herself.=She herself can do it 4.My aunt and uncle had made sandwiches for us to eat at the playground.make sth. for sb.=make sb. sth.意思是为某人制作某物 .如:I will make a birthday cake for her.

17、=I will make her a birthday cake.5.so was I.这是一个倒装句 .是由 so+系动词 助动词 情态动词 +主语 ,构成.如:He is tall.So am I. They like chinese food.So do the two Englishmen.6.I helped her brush her teeth and climb into bed.help sb.todo sth. 意思是帮忙某人做某事 ,如:I often help my mother do the housework.He sometimes helps me study

18、English.help sb. with sth. 也能表示帮忙某人做某事 ,但 with 后面跟名词或人称代词宾格,上面的句子可改写为 :I often help my mother with the housework.He sometimes helps me with my English.- 3 -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. Would you like some markers.Unit 2 lesson9可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结would like 意思是想要 ,后跟名词 ,代词 ,动词不等式 .如:Id like a cup

19、of tea.Would you like some bananas.Id like to have another book.would like sb. to do sth. 意思是想要某人做某事 ,如:Hed like me to help him with his maths. would you like sth. 用来表示邀请某人吃喝或用什么东西,它的答语为 :Yes,please.No,thanks.would you like to do sth. 用来表示邀请某人做某事 , 它的答语为 :yes,Id likelove to.Im afraid not.Id love to

20、,but.等.2. Would you please lend me your green marker. would you please+动词原形 .表示请你 .好吗.lend 是借进 ,常用 lend sth. to sb.其反义词为 borrow,常用 borrow sth. from sb., 如 He borrowed a car from his friend.Helent his bike to his neighbour. 3.Dont forget to draw the sun.forget to do sth. 意思是遗忘去做某事,forget doing sth. 意

21、思是忘了做过某事,如:Dont forget to close the window before you beave.He forgot closing the window,so he went back to close it again.He forgot to turn off the light,so it was onthe whole night.4.After you plant a plant in a pot,what do you do next.plant 是一个兼类词 ,既可以作动词 ,也可以作名词 .plant a plant 表示种植物 .类似的兼类词仍有 :可

22、编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结work;water;push 等.lesson10可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1.Flowers,leaves and stems grow above ground.Roots grow below ground.above 是介词 ,表示在 .上方 ,比.仍高.与 below 相反 .如:The plane is flying above the clouds.Todays temperature is 10 degrees below zero.over 是在 .正上方 ,或掩盖在 .上面,如:There is a la

23、mp above the desk.There is a bridge over the river. 2.Plants have flowers beause the flowers make seeds.because 是连词 ,表示由于 ,引导缘由状语从句 . 它不能和 so 连用 , 如:She didntcome to school because she was sick.=She was sick so she didnt come to school.3.The seeds of the rice plant feed billions of people.hundred,th

24、ousand,million,billion等词前有详细数字时 ,用单数形式 ,直接修饰名词 ;表示一个笼统的概念时 , 用复数形- 4 -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结式,后面要与介词 of 连用再接名词 .如:He has three hundred books.He has read hundreds of books.lesson111.You need to look after it.look after=take care of 意思是照料 ,如:I have to look after the baby.Can you look after yourself.

25、 2.Plants use sunlight to make food.to make food 是不定式 ,表示目的 ,如:Li Ming went to Beijing to see his uncle. 3.Gardens are full of plants.be full of. 表示盛满 .,装满.如:The room is full of people.These bottles are full of water. 4.In spring,people put covers over plants to keep them warm at night.cover 用作动词意思是

26、掩盖 , 遮盖,cover.with. 表示用 .把.掩盖上 ,如:He covered his face witha scarf.be covered with. 被.掩盖着 .如:The road is usually covered with snow.cover 仍可以用作名词 ,表示掩盖物 ,封面.如:The book needs a new cover.keep sb.sth.+adj.表示使某人或某物处于某种状态.如:We should keep our classroom clean.He likes doing things to keep himself busy.Lets

27、 keep the windows open.5.Windows are made of glass.be made of .意思是由 .制成,在制成的过程中原材料没有发生质的变化.be made from. 意思是由 .制成 ,在制成的过程中原材料发生了质的变化. 如:My desk is made of wood.Books are made of paper.Paper is made from wood.Wine is made from wheat.lesson121.One group sings the purple words ,and the other group sing

28、s the black words.one.,the other.意思是一个 .另一个 .,如:She has two cats.One is white,the other is black. 2.The prettiest plant.prettiest 是 pretty 的最高级 ,如:He is the tallest boy and she is the prettiest girl. 3.That you ever did see.did see在此相当于 saw,did 放在动词原形前起加强语气的作用,如:She does study hard.I do like compute

29、r games. They did go to have a picnic yesterday.4.As the stem grows,it makes leaves.as 在本句中表示当 .时候 ,引导时间状语从句 .如:He went out as I came in.lesson131.Trees help clean the air.Its pleasant to walk among the trees.- 5 -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结pleasant,pleased 都是形容词 ,表示兴奋的 ,欢乐的 .pleasant 常用来形容事物 ,而 please

30、d 常用来形容人 ,如:I am very pleased youve decided to come.among 介词 ,表示在 .三者以上 之间,between 介词,表示在两者之间 . 2.Donuts dont grow on trees.on trees=on the tree 表示树本身全部物在树上 ;in the tree 表示外来物在树上 ;如:There are some birds in the tree. There are many apples on the tree.3.Then we can sit under a tree in the shade.in the

31、 shade是介词短语 ,意思是在阴凉处 .类似的短语有 in the sun;in the light; 4.All plants take energy from the sun and make it into food.make.into.意思是把 .制成.,如:We can make the tree into paper.We can make cotton into cloth. make 仍可以构成如下短语be made offrombyin 等5.Without food,they would have nothing to eat and they would die.wi

32、thout 是介词 ,意思是没有 ,不,如 He went to school without breakfast.He left without saying goodbye.Fish cant可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结live without water.lesson14可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. There are about eighty thousand different plants in the world that people can eat.that people can eat是定语从句 ,修饰 plants,that 是

33、关系代词 ,引导定语从句 ,并代指 plants,也可以用 which 来引导 .当被修饰的名词是人时 ,可以用 who,that,如 I like the present that you gave me. This is the most interesting book that Ive ever read. The woman who is babysitting the baby is my aunt.2. But half of the worlds food comes from only three plants:race,corn and wheat.half of. 意思是

34、 .中的一半 ,当它所指代的是不行数名词时 ,代表单数 .假如后面所接的是可数名词的复数 ,那么它所代表的也是复数概念 .如 Half of his money was spent on books. Half of the books here are in English. Half of the students in our class like math.all of.;a quarter of. 和它类似 .3. Doctors use medicine to help sick people.use.to do sth.意思是用 .来做 .,如 We use our feet a

35、nd legs to walk.sick 是形容词 ,意思是有病的 ,患病的 ,可作定语和表语 ;ill也是形容词 ,意思相同 ,但只能作表语 ;如 Hismother was sickill in bed.There are many sick people in the doctors waiting room.4. Do you have a hat made of straw.made of straw 是过去分词短语作后置定语 ,表示被动 ; 如 Do you know the boy named peter.This is the camera- 6 -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎

36、下载精品名师归纳总结bought in japan.1.I have a lot to write about today.lesson15可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结to write作后置定语 ,修饰 a lot,表示没有做 ,要去做的动作 .如I have nothing to say.They found a room to live in. She has no pen to write with.2. Now sth.new is growing at the top of the stem.sth.是不定代词 ,应看作第三人称单数 .形容词修饰它时应作后置定语.

37、 如 Sth.is wrong with his computer. There is sth. important in todays newspaper.3. Later,the head will turn into wheat seeds.turn into. 意思是变成 .如 Water can turn into ice.turn.into. 意思是把 .变成.,如Heat turns water into vapor 蒸汽.相关的短语有 change into.,change.into.- 7 -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1.She plays with m

38、e when I come home from school.Unit 3 lesson17可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结play with. 意思是与 .玩,玩弄 .如Dont play with fire ,its dangerous.2.I will keep him under my desk.keep 的意思是使某人 某物保持某种状态或某位置 . 如If your hands are cold,keep them in your pockets.These gloves will keep your hands warm.Im sorry to keep you w

39、aiting.You cant keep ducks in the classroom.keep 仍有饲养 .的意思 ,如 He keeps bees ,goats and hens on his farm.3.I will need to plant a tree in my bedroom.在确定句中动词need 通常用作行为动词 ,如 They need to finish the project on time.You need to take an umbrella with you.在否定句和疑问句中,need 即可用作行为动词 ,也可以用作情态动词 ,如 You neednt f

40、inishthat worktoday.=Youdont need to finish that work today.Do you need to go out.=Need you go out.need 仍可以用作名词 ,如 There is a great need for a new book on this subject.There is no deed for you to start yet.lesson181.He was talking to my mum.waswere+doing 是过去进行时 ,表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作.如 He wasnt watching

41、the hamburgers at that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结time.He was cooking supper when I got home.1. The zoo is open.lesson19可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结open 是形容词 ,意思是开放的 , 可进入的 .如This garden is open to the public.open 仍可以表示开着的 ,营业的 ,等.如 He slept in the room with the window open last night.The shop isnt open on

42、sundays.His coat was open.The cages are big and open.2. It has all kinds of animals.all kinds of意思是各种各样的 ,如 All kinds of plants were displayed. different kinds of. 不同种类的 .;a kind of . 一种 ;3. Well need our caps to protect us from the sun.protect sb.sth. againstfrom sth.意思是爱护 保卫某人或某物不受.的侵害 .如I was wea

43、ring a fur coat to protect myself from the cold.Winter wheat lying under snow is protected against the cold.- 8 -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4. Zoos can help people to stop animals from going extinct.stop sb. from doing sth.意思是阻挡某人做某事 ,在主动语态中 from 可以省去 ,在被动语态中 from 不行省去 .如 Please dont stop himfrom playi

44、ng basketball.He was stopped from playing basketball.We all tried to stop himfrom可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结smoking in bed.lesson20可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1.I am at the zoo watching all the animals,I want to make friends with one today. at the zoo 在动物园 , 也可用作 in the zoo.make friends with. 表示与 .交伴侣 .2.T

45、hrow some food to the ducks by the water. Stand so still while they waddle my way.by 是介词 ,意思是在 .旁边,在.邻近.如:My house is by the river.still 可以作形容词 ,意思是静止的 ,不动的 ;如:Keep stillwhile I comb your hair.Please stand stillwhileI take your photograph.still 仍可以作副词 ,意思是仍 ,仍然 ,仍然; 如:He is still sleeping.The fist is still alive. while 是连词 ,意思是当 .的时候 ;如:I met a friend while I was walking down the street.3.I want an animal