概念英语3册23课全析全解.doc

-` 说文解字 标题：One man’s meat is another man’s poison Poison n.毒药 vt.毒害, 败坏, 使中毒 ┏ poison sb. 毒死某人 ├poisonous有毒的，含有毒素的= toxic ├venom毒液 ├toxic含有毒成分的 ├polluted污染的 └gas毒气，汽油（美） 复习season, reason, person, Jackson ⑴ One man’s meat is another man’s poison萝卜青菜。各有所爱 (Used to that sth one person likes may not be liked by someone else) One man’s junk is another man’s treasure. One man’s breath is another man’s death. One man’s heaven is another man’s hell different folks, different strokes青菜萝卜各有所爱 one woman’s trash is another’s treasure 一个女人的宝是另外一个女人的草 All things fit not all persons 一物难称万人心。 There is no accounting for tastes.人各有所好。 There is no accounting for taste.萝卜青菜，各有所好。 There is no disputing about tastes.人各有所好。 Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。 Beauty is in the eye of the gazer.情人眼里出西施。 She seems very plain but he dotes on her, but beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 她看上去相貌平平，但他非常爱她，情人眼中出西施。 I dont understand how he can think she is good looking, but beauty is in the eye of the beholder.我不明白他怎么会认为她漂亮，不过情人眼里出西施罢了。 Now researchers have finally proved that beauty is in fact in the eye of the beer holder rather than the beholder.如今研究终于证明，相较于情人眼里出西施，喝酒的人眼里更能出美女。 ⑵ Poison vt.毒害，使中毒 He was poisoned by pesticide.（n.杀虫剂, 农药, 防疫药）他农药中毒了 ⑶ poison 毒药， 有害的思想、想法 deadly poison致命毒药 poison gas毒气 rat poison鼠药 food poison食物中毒 blood poison血毒 poison apple毒苹果 finally, she got Prince Charming’s love, break the Queen to Snow White’s poison apple curse.最后，她得到白马王子的爱情，破解了皇后给白雪公主的毒苹果诅咒。 Gloom and sadness are poisons to the soul.抑郁和悲伤是心灵的毒药。 He thinks pornography is poison to young minds.他认为色情会腐蚀年轻人的心灵。 Even nectar is poison if taken to excess.美酒过量也会变成毒药。 Love is poison, drank not to regret! 爱情是毒药,喝了就不要后悔! ⑷ 短语 poison sb.毒死某人 to poison; to kill with poison; to poison to death毒死 give poison to sb/sth 使某人或某物中毒 drink poison to quench ones thirst 饮鸠止渴 Hate injustice like poison 嫉恶如仇 hate each other like poison 互相恨之入骨，彼此互相狠透了 hate like poison 痛恨,深恶痛绝 ，恨之入骨，深恶痛绝，强烈地憎恨 They all hate her like poison.他们都对她恨之入骨。 poison sbs mind 毒害某人的心灵,使沾染上恶习对某人产生恶感 She poisoned his mind with ideas of hate and revenge.她用复仇的思想来毒害他的心灵。 Such books poison the minds of the young. 这种书毒害青年的思想 Envy of his friends success poisoned his mind. 嫉妒朋友的成功使他产生了邪念。 poison the fountain of trust 损害信用 Poison/ruin one’s reputation/image毒害形象，名声 stain one’s reputation 玷污名声 a stain/spot on one’s reputation玷污名声, 名誉上的污点 acrid poison 刺激性毒，烈性毒药 Be that as it may, the nerve poison does its business with man far more quickly than the blood poison.尽管如此,神经毒液毒杀人比血毒液快得多。 The nerve poison does its business with man more quickly than the blood poison. 神经毒液在人体内的作用比血毒液快得多。 poison against 对…有不良的影响; 给予…较低的评价 poison sth against sb： poison sbs mind against ...使某人对…产生恶感 The unhappy mother had poisoned her childrens minds against their father. 那位心情不愉快的妈妈对孩子的父亲的看法影响了孩子的思想。 The unhappy mother had poisoned her childrens minds against their father and they no longer wanted to see him.心怀不满的妈妈对孩子的父亲的看法影响了孩子的思想,以至于他们不再想见到他。 poison by eating sth 由于吃某物而中毒 poison with 用…伤害或杀死…; 以…影响〔毒害〕… A certain ruler in the Middle Ages was famous for poisoning her guests with chemicals put into their drinks. 中世纪时, 某女王以往客人饮料里放化学药品来毒死客人而闻名。 The soil has been poisoned with chemical waste from the factory. 土壤被从工厂排出的化学废料污染了。 His character had been poisoned with evil suggestions from his criminal companions. 由于受了他那些犯罪同伙的坏主意的影响, 他的品格已经变坏了。 name one’s poison你要喝什么酒 Name your poison, please. = What’s your poison? 你要喝什么酒？ (A humorous way of asking someone which alcoholic酒drink he/she would like) fighting poison with poison 以毒攻毒法 reading poison with intent 故意投毒 combat poison with poison 以毒攻毒 spreading poison with intent 故意投毒 Love is poison with sugar 爱是毒药加糖 Sb be with a poisonous tongue言语恶毒 ⑸ Poisoned被上了毒的 Poisoned soup 被上了毒的汤 ⑹ Poisonous（本身）有毒的；恶意的= toxic, noxious toxic含有毒成分的 poisonous substance 有毒物质 Poisonous snake 毒蛇，本身有毒的蛇 poisonous spider 毒蜘蛛 Poisonous roses 毒玫瑰 poisonous herb 毒草 Poisonous mushroom毒蘑菇 Poisonous scorpion 毒蝎子 poisonous lie 恶毒的谎言 highly / slightly poisonous剧毒的/毒性小的 poisonous ideas〔influence〕 有害的思想〔影响〕 be poisonous to sbs ideas 对某人的思想有害 Those words are poisonous to his mind.这些话对他的思想有害。 He gave her a poisonous look. 他恶意地看了她一眼。 The weather was positively poisonous.这天气着实讨厌。 ⑺ Edible adj.可食用的、适宜食用的 edible fungi食用菌 edible fungus 木耳 Edible Mushroom 食用菌；食用蘑菇 edible oils 食用油类 edible vegetable oil食用植物油 Some mushrooms are edible; some are poisonous.有些蘑菇可食用; 有些则有毒。 These white mushrooms are edible.这些白蘑菇可以食用。 The food at the hotel was barely edible.这家旅馆的食物简直不能入口。 Besides, toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide released by some chemical plants have a damaging effect on air quality此外，一些化工厂排放的如一氧化碳(carbon monoxide)和二氧化硫(sulphur dioxide )这样的有毒气体对空气质量也有着破坏性的影响。 eatable，edible： 这一对词都可以用作形容词和名词，都有“可吃的”词义，但涵义有细微的差异。 eatable源出于古英语etan；表示“可吃的”、“能吃的”，但“可吃”、“能吃”并不等于“食物可口和好吃”，例如食品不够新鲜或烧得太生太熟时，也是 something eatable. edible源出于拉丁语edibilis.着重表示“本来不是食物，但吃下去也无害”之意。 Inedible adj.不可以吃的、不适宜食用的 Some of mushrooms are poisonous and inedible.有的蘑菇有毒，不能食用。 Detainees complained of being given inedible food.被拘押者抱怨所给的食物不能吃。 ⑻ 联想记忆 poison n.毒药 prison监狱 drug 药；毒品，麻醉药 take/use/be on drugs 吸毒 take a drug吃药 drug-abuser 吸毒者 chain-smoker 烟鬼 drug-addicted 吸毒上瘾的 drug rehabilitation center戒毒所 A drug rehabilitation center/course 戒毒所/班 in a drugged stupor被药麻醉而不省人事 be in a vegetative comma 在植物人状态 poison oneself; destroy oneself by taking poison服毒自杀 commit suicide by taking poison服毒自杀 Commit suicide by taking sleeping spills服安眠药自杀 The man committed suicide by jumping off the cliff. 那人跳下悬崖自杀。 The prisoner killed himself by taking poison.犯人服毒自杀了。 He committed suicide by cutting his own throat.他自刎身亡。 She had committed suicide by hanging herself from a beam.她悬梁自尽了。 Mark was eleven and had been smoking on and off for two years, never trying to quit but being careful not to get hooked. 马克只有11岁，但是断断续续的吸烟已经有两年了。从来没有想要戒掉，但是很小心不让自己上瘾 ⑼ Infect ①(尤其用于被动) sb/sth(with sth) (cause sb/sth to have a disease, contaminate sb/sth) 使某人/物传染，感染，污染 be infected with the bacteria 受到这种细菌的感染 an infected wound 受到感染的伤口 the disease-stricken area 疫症区 seal off the infected area 封锁感染区域 （block off the scene of the accident封锁事故现场） ⑽ infect②（比喻 fill sb’s mind or spirit with happy and positive ideas or feelings）用快乐的，好的思想感染 the cheerful spirits and bubbling laughter infected the whole class 快乐的情绪和爽朗的笑声感染了全班 highly infectious personality 高度具有感染性的个性 ⑾ Narcotic催眠药，麻醉剂，毒品[nɑ:kɔtik] (A drug causing sleep催眠 or talking away pain减轻疼痛) Narcotic的Word origin词源 Narcissus那喀索斯 was said to be a beautiful young man in Greek mythology who fell in love with his his own reflection when he saw his face in a pool of water. Because he became very unhappy as a result, he gradually became so weak that he died. A flower grew up in the place where he died, which was called narcissus after him. 那克塞斯（希腊神话中，相传因爱上自己水中的倒影。致憔悴而死后化为水仙花的美少年。） ⑿ Narcissism(心理学)自恋，自我陶醉 ⒀ Purple heart (a pill containing an illegal drug that gives you a feeling of energy and excitement)毒品，紫心锭（右旋安非他命，兴奋剂） ⒁ Purple Heart (美国)紫心勋章(授予作战中受伤的军人) (A special medal given to US soldiers who have been wounded in battle) ⒂ venom毒液 ⒃ polluted污染的 ⒄ gas毒气，汽油（美） ⒅ 西方绅士的“饮食委婉语” Beef牛肉 Mutton羊肉 Pork猪肉 1. People become quite illogical = unreasonable①变得很不合情理，匪夷所思 when引导时状语从 they try to decide②试图决定 what can be eaten什么能吃 and而 what cannot be eaten并列的宾从. 语法分析 第一层 People主 become系词 quite状 illogical表 when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten时间状从. 第二层 when引导时间状从 they主 try to decide谓语 what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten宾语从句 第三层 what主语 can be eaten谓语 and连词 what cannot be eaten谓语 写作模板 People hold totally different views when they try to decide what animals can be treated as friends and what as food. 在决定什么动物是朋友，什么动物是食物的时候，人们观点态度不一。 Americans and Europeans commonly treat dogs as family members, addressing the animals affectionately and even letting dogs sleep on family members’ bed. Arabs, however, view dogs as filthy animals. Some in the Far East go as far as to cook and eat dogs---a consumption habit viewed as revolting and compared to cannibalism by Americans. Hindus, in contrast, revere cows and do not understand how Americans can eat beef, especially in large quantity. 美国人和欧洲人普遍将狗视（deem， regard，consider）作家庭成员，对他们充满爱心，甚至让他们睡在床上。阿拉伯人则是将狗视作肮脏dirty，filthy的动物。一些远东地区的人过分的甚至将狗宰杀烹饪。而这一习惯在美国人看来犹如吃人肉一样恶心。相比之下，印度教徒崇敬牛，非常不理解为什么美国人吃牛排， 而且大量的吃。 People become quite illogical when they lose their temper. 人们在发脾气时往往变得不合情理。 <格言> a. You are what you eat 人如其食 你要健康就要注意你的饮食健康。 b. You cannot eat your cake and have it.鱼与熊掌，不可得兼。 c. Live not to eat, but eat to live.不要为了吃饭活着，而要为了活着吃饭。 ① become quite illogical①变得很不合情理，匪夷所思 illogical adj (without reason or logic, not sensible)不合逻辑的；没有道理的,不合常理的, 无章法的 Logy=say dialogue对话；意见交换 monologue独白，滔滔不绝的讲话 Heart monologue内心独白 Internal Monologue内心独白 eulogy 溢美之词，颂词 prologue 序言 epilogue 结语，尾声，跋，后记 反义词的构成： in / im / il /ir /un + adj （independent, impatient, illogical, irregular, uncomfortable） non + adj /n （non-existent） dis + v/n /adj（dishonest, disobey，disagree） un / mis + v （misunderstand, mistake） ill--not(否定前缀) logic n.逻辑, 逻辑学, 逻辑性 illogical不合逻辑的 logical 符合逻辑的 logical relation逻辑关系 logical reasoning逻辑推理 legal法律的，合法的 illegal非法的 illicit违法的 licit合法的 legible清晰的；易读的；易辨认的 illegible难辨认的；字迹模糊的,潦草的，难读的 Eg: Her handwriting was so tiny that it was barely legible她写的字那么小，几乎都认不出来。 legitimate合法的；正当的 illegitimate私生的 literate受过教育的 illiterate文盲 前缀in遇到l被同化成illegible（难辨认的），illegal非法的 遇到r被同化为irregular不规则的, irresistible不可抵抗的 遇到m变成immoral不道德的；邪恶的；淫荡的, immovable不动的；固定的 例句：Parents become quite illogical when they try to decide what children can learn and what they can’t nowadays.现在父母亲在决定孩子能学什么和不能学什么的时候就变得不合逻辑了。 reasonable① (人)明事理的，讲理的 reasonable in the demands要求完全合情合理 ladies are sometimes unreasonable 女人们有时候不讲道理 reasonable②（of emotions, opinions）in accordance with reason, not absurd, logical （情感，见解）合情理的，不荒谬的 a reasonable suspicion, fear, belief不无道理的怀疑，恐惧，信念 a reasonable attitude, conclusion 合乎情理的态度，结论 Sensible （褒义）=reasonable合理的 a sensible person, idea, suggestion 通情达理的人，主意，建议 词根词缀 前缀：il- 1. 表示"使……,成为,进入,再"; 2. 放在同辅音词根前表示"不,无" 同缀词 形容词adj. illusory虚幻的 (illusion[[n.幻觉]]男→adj.虚幻的) illegal非法的 (il不,无+legal合法的→adj.非法的) illiberal气量狭窄的,吝啬的 (il不,无+liberal宽大的→adj.气量狭窄的,吝啬的) 名词n. illusion幻觉 (il使……,成为,进入,再+lus玩弄+ion表名词→被[幻觉]玩弄→幻觉) 动词v. illustrate说明,阐明 (il使……,成为,进入,再+lustr=lust光+ate表动词→使…光明→说明) illuminate照亮; 使明白 (il使……,成为,进入,再+lumin光+ate表动词→使…光明→说明) ② when they try to decide②试图决定 when they try to decide = when it comes to deciding（当谈及/涉及到） 当涉及到或谈及到叙述客观事实的时候，常用it come to 涉及, 谈及（常和when连用） It comes to sth ………… when… It comes to doing sth ……（用于when 引导的时间状语从句） When it come to sth 当提到… When it come to doing sth When it comes to politics I know nothing. 谈到政治, 我一无所知。 He never complains when it comes to helping his wife with the house work. 当谈及到帮妻子做家务活这件事的时候, 他从来不抱怨。 People become quite unreasonable when we try to decide what can be done and what cannot be done. 2. If如果，引导虚拟语气的句子，假设了一个不太可能实现的情况you lived in the Mediterranean①住在地中海地区, for instance = for example②比如, you would consider③看作，考虑，认为，视作 octopus④章鱼，宾语 a great delicacy⑤一道美味佳肴，人间美味，极品佳肴，（宾补）. 语法分析 第一层 If you lived in the Mediterranean条状语从, for instance插入语, you主语 would consider谓语 octopus宾语 a great delicacy宾语补语. 第二层 If引条状从 you主语 lived谓语 in the Mediterranean状语 写作模板 People in the Mediterranean consider octopus a great delicacy, yet people in other parts of the world find it repulsive.在地中海，人们觉得章鱼是美味，而在世界其他地方，人们觉得章鱼很恶心。 1. Octopus is delicious to some but repulsive to others 在有些人看来，章鱼很美味；而在其他人看来， 章鱼很恶心 Cold and slippery to the touch, ugly and repulsive to the sight, snakes have always been a good source of fear, ever since the ancient times摸起来冰凉滑腻，看起来丑陋恶心，蛇自古代以来便一直是人类的恐惧之源 2. 有否想过，在遥远的太平洋岛上， 肥胖被视为美，而不是负担 有否想过，在非洲密林深处， 那里的女王不仅统治而且呼风唤雨 Have you ever imagined that faraway on a Pacific island, obesity is considered to be a blessing rather than a burden? Have you ever imagined that deep in the African forest, the queens not only reign but also rain? 如果你住在贫困地区，你会把冰激凌看作美 味佳肴。 3. If you lived in a poverty-stricken area, you would consider ice-cream a great delicacy. 如果你住在贫困地区，你会把冰激凌看作美味佳肴。 If you lived in a poverty-stricken area, you would consider good education a great asset. 如果你住在贫困地区，你会把良好的教育看作巨大的财富。 ① If如果you lived in the Mediterranean①住在地中海地区 ┏medium中间 ├territory地区，地域 ├ocean海洋 └→Mediterranean地中海 Mediterranean地中海 The sea surrounded by the countries of southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. territory地区，地域 ocean海洋 现在式的虚拟语气 先用过去时，再用would+动词原形 现在式的虚拟语气 If he studied at this school, he would know you well.如果他在这所学校学习的话,它会对你很熟悉. If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I were you, I would never do that. 如果我是你,我决不做那件事。 ② for instance = for example②比如 ┌for example例如， 譬如；拿 ... 来说 ├say,比方说 └so to speak / say[用作插入语]可以说；打个譬喻说，可以说，就是说；恕我直言 ┏for change换换中味，I wanna a job for change. ├for free免费地 ├for sale待售 ├for good永远的 └for fun为了好玩 For instance例如 for another instance 又如 For example例如 Roman civilization was very advanced technologically. For instance, they had underfloor central heating. 罗马文明在技术方面十分先进，例如，他们当时已经有了地下中央供暖系统。 I know many women who have a career and a family—Kehr for example. 我知道有许多妇女能事业家庭兼顾——凯尔就是其中之一。 There are many sources of air pollution; exhaust fumes, for example.空气污染有许多来源, 例如废气。 Say比方说，打个比方（口语） Let’s say比方说，打个比方 so to speak可以说是;打个譬喻说, 就是说；恕我直言 so to say/speak 可以这么说; 打个比方说;可以说(是) Take sth for instance拿....举个例子 Eg: Many people associate snails with delicacy. But take me for instance, I despise it. 许多人拿蜗牛当美味佳肴，但是，拿我来说举个例子，我就特别不喜欢吃蜗牛 How to speak so 怎么这样说话 ③ consider③看作，考虑，认为，视作 ⑴ Consider sb/sth宾语 +adj. /n.（宾补） Consider sth (to be) sth I consider him to be a clever fellow.我认为他是一个能干的人。 Eg: Sir John Hawkwood was considered a sort of hero by Italians. consider sb a fool 认为某人是个傻瓜 consider sb a good player 认为某人是个优秀的运动员 consider sb a great poet 认为某人是个伟大的诗人 consider sb highly skilled 认为某人技术很高 consider sb justified 认为某人是正义的 consider sth a great honour 认为…是极大的荣誉 consider sth miraculous 认为…是个奇迹 ⑵ consider as 认为什么是什么 Honesty is considered as one of the good virtues.诚实被看成是人的高贵品质之一。 The church is generally considered as a sanctuary.教堂通常被认为是一个神圣的地方。 be considered to be sth/sb 被认为什么 He was considered to be a model teacher.他被认为是模范教师。 Paris is considered the brain and heart of France.巴黎被看作是法国的头脑与心脏。 This could not be considered a satisfactory solution.这不能被认为是一个令人满意的解决办法。 They consider him to be nothing but an impostor.他们认为他不过是个骗子而已。 You surely cant consider him to be a selfish man.你不能把他看成是个自私的人。 consider doing 认为做什么 I should consider myself failing in duty if I didnt