八级英语上册知识点总结外研版2.docx

《八级英语上册知识点总结外研版2.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《八级英语上册知识点总结外研版2.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精品名师归纳总结Module 1How to learn English1. write down写下2. each other彼此3. help sb with帮忙某人做某事4. a great way to do sth做某事的好方法5. the meaning of. 的意思6. enjoy oneself玩的高兴 / 过的开心7. take a deep breath做深呼吸8. be good for.对. 有益9. make friends with sb与某人交伴侣10. show sb around some place令某人参观某物11. all the time始终，总是1

2、2. How about.？怎么样？13. It s a good idea to do sth做某事是个好想法14. You should.你应当15. translate.into.把. 译成.16. match sb againstwith sb使某人和某人交手竞赛17. a box of matches一盒火柴18. a number of很多，修饰可数名词19. repeat after sb跟某人朗读20. a piece of advice一条建议ask for advice寻求建议21. make a mistake犯错误22. each other相互，彼此the other

3、 daymorning那天那天早上the other另外的一个another另外的一个23. welcome to +的点名词欢迎到某的方来welcome back欢迎回来24. be ready for为. 做好预备beget ready to do sth预备好做某事25. try to do sth努力做某事 try doing sth尝试做某事 have a try试一试try one s best to do sth竭尽全力做某事26. help sb with sth帮忙某人做某事，介词with后面常接名词help sb do sth帮忙某人做某事27. send sb to do

4、 sth派遣某人做某事send back送回，发回，退回send for派人去请，派人去取send out送出 , 发出，排出28. improve onupon比. 有提高，超过29. watch sb doing sth观察某人正在做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结30. take a deep breath深深吸一口气hold your breath闭气，屏气out of breath喘不上气31. remember sb to sb代某人向某人问好remember to do sth记住去做某事 事情仍未做过 remember doing sh记住已经做过某事（事情

5、已经做过）40. forget sbsth遗忘某人，某物forget to do sth遗忘要做某事forget doing sth遗忘曾经做过某事41. wish sb sth祝愿希望某人某事wish to do sth表示在主观上剧烈期望做某事42. It takes a long time to do sth花费了很长时间去做某事43. How long doesdid it take.询问做某事需要花费多长时间44. find it +形容词 +to do sth发觉做某事.45. hear sb doing sth听见某人正在做某事hear sb do sth听见某人做某事46. W

6、hy don t you do.=Why not you do.为什么不了47. It is +形容词 +for sb to do sth对某人来说 做某事是. 48 Why don t you write it down.你们为什么不把它登记来了.49. It s a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.每天都检查你的词汇笔记本是一个好想法。50. Try not to translate every word.尽量不要逐字翻译。51. She can help me with my homework.她可以帮我做家庭作

7、业语法总结时态 一）一般现在时1. 表示现阶段常常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态，特点或客观真理。常用的时间状语有often, usually, always, every dayweek等.2. 在条件状语和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，例如：if you dont go soon, you will be late.假如你不快点去，你就会迟到的.3. begin, come, go, leave, start, stop, arrive, return, open, close等动词常用一般现在时表示按方案规定将要发生的动作。例如：classbeginsat eightinthe mo

8、rning.早上八点钟开头上班。（二）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事，存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。常用的时间状语有yesterday,yesterdaymorningafternoonevening,lastweek/month/year,in 1980（三）一般将来时1一般将来时表示在将来的某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间 状语 tomorrow, tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening, next week/month/year等连用 2一般将来时有以下几种形式（1）助动词will+动词原形注：在疑问句中，当主语是第一人称

9、I 或 we 时，常用助动词shall2 “ be going to +动词原形”表示即将发生某事或者准备，方案要做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结（3） come, go, start, move, leave, travel等动词常用进行时态表示按方案将要发生的事例如： the whole family s going for two months.全家要去两个月。（四）现在进行时1现在进行时由“am/is/are+现在分词”也可以表示正在进行的动作2“系动词 +介词 / 副词（短语）”也可以表示正在进行的动作 3表示感觉、愿望、和状态的某些东西（如：hope, sme

10、ll, hear, see, like等）一般不用进行时态例如： I hope to go to collage next year.我期望明年上高校。Module 2please help me1. travel around周游2. invite sb to do sth邀请某人去做某事3. look attoday s newspaper看今日的报纸4. take off起飞，脱下（衣服）land着陆on land在陆的上5. the price of the ticket票价6. enter a competition参与竞赛7. It sounds brilliant.8. come

11、 true（期望，抱负等）实现，达到9. all over China遍及全国10. have been to已经去过几次（表示人已经回来）have gone to表示人去某的，在途中或已经到目的的，仍未回来have been in加入后面可接表示组织、团体的名词11. there s a lot to see and to there12. Pizza has always been my favorite food.披萨是我最宠爱的食物。13. sell out售完，卖光to sell at a loss亏本出售sell at a discount of 15 按八五折出售14. at t

12、he end最终15. It was my“dream come true ”.16. how many times几次17. Have you ever been to New York.你去过纽约吗.18. Have you been abroad before.你以前出过国吗？19. Have you ever had a fantastic experience.20. more than多于，超过21. dream about.梦见22. Spring festival春节23. by plane乘飞机24. have a wonderful time过的开心25. take pho

13、tos照相26. so many如此多 , 修饰可数名词的复数形式so much如此多，这么多，修饰不行数名词27. have a western meal吃西餐28. live in another country住在另一个国家可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -29. write a poem or story写诗歌或故事30. have/hasever+ 过去分词？询问某人是否做过某事（通常 already,ever,never,yet 用在现在完成时中）31. be from.来自其后街的点名词，常与

14、come from进行互换32. I think我想. 、我认为.33. invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事invite sb to +的点邀请某人到某的35 One day 某一天，总有一天该短语在句中作状语，表示将来或过去的某一天，常用语将来时或过去时some day仅指将来的某一天，只能用于将来时36 Whats the price of. 的价格是什么？How much is/are.如: What s the price of the apples.=How much are the apples. 37 fly to. = go toby plane飞往.38.

15、from time to time不时的，常常的，有时的harvest time收成期time for bed睡觉时间ahead of time提前all the time始终at one time曾经at the same time同时at times有时候in time准时39 take photos of sb给某人拍照40. have a meeting开会have a good time玩得兴奋have a cold感冒have sb do sth让某人做某事have a bath洗澡have a look看一看41 be popular with受. 的宠爱 42 Since th

16、en从那时起现在完成时用法现在完成时的构成：助动词have （ has ）+ 过去分词，1表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如： I have just cleaned my clothes.我刚洗过衣服。 （“洗衣服是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服洁净了”）现在完成常常用的时间状语有：already（“已经”用于确定句的中间和末尾处never “从不”用于中间处 ever（“曾经”用于疑问句和确定句的中间处）just “刚刚”用于中间处 yet “已经”用于疑问句的末尾处/ “仍”用于否定句的末尾处 或不加任何的时间状语，但不能和表示过去的时间状语连用.现在完

17、成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时表示过去的动作始终连续到现在甚至会连续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响。一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。试比较：The plane has arrived .飞机已经来了。说明现在的情形：飞机在这儿）The planearriveda quarterago.飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 -

18、 - - - - - - - - - - -I have taught here for fifteen years.我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作始终连续到现在，仍可能会连续。）I taught here for a year.我过去在这儿教过一年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）Since和 for的用法表示过去已经开头连续到现在的动作或状态常用的时间状语有：for, since, how long,so far, these days等。Since+ 过去点的时间，for+ 一段时间（数词+量词），此划线部分用how long提问。一、since短语或从句表示过去的动作

19、连续至今，since之后的时间为一点。如： Mr.Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以来，史密斯先生始终在这工作。He s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.他上高校以来大约学了五千个英语单词。二、 for短语表示动作连续多长时间，for的宾语为时间段。如： We have known each other for twenty years.我们熟悉有二十年了。 I haven t seen her for a long time.我好久没有见到她了。have bee

20、n in, have been to与 have gone to的用法一、 havehas been in表示“在某的呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long等。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。此外仍有这些搭配：have been herethere/athomeschool/on the farmhavebeen here there / abroad二、havehasbeento 表示“曾经去过某的” ，现在已经不在那里了。可与 just,ever,n

21、ever等连用，例如：I have just been to the post office.我刚才去邮局了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall.玛丽从未去过长城。Have you ever been to Hangzhou.你曾经去过杭州吗？havehas been to后面可接次数，表示去过某的几次。例如：Ihavebeento Beijing three times.我去过北京三次。They have been to that village several times.他们去过那个村庄好几次了。三、 havehas gone to 意为“到某的去

22、了” ，表示到了某的或正在去某的的途中。总之， 说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、其次人称代词作句子的主语。例如： -Where is Tom.-He has gone to the bookshop.汤姆在哪里？他到书店去了。Jack Johnson has gone to London.杰克 . 约翰逊到伦敦去了。Module 31. the latest news最新的消息on earth在的球上2. on business出差come back回来3. get to到达send sth to送某东西去某的4. hear from收到某人的来信hear of /about听说hear s

23、b do sth听到某人做某事hear sb doing sth听到到某人正在做某事5. show sth to sb =show sb sth把某物给某人show sb how to do sth教某人如何做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结show sb + 宾语从句向某人显示 / 说明6. borrowfrom从. 借.借进 lend. to.把. 借给（借出）7. What are you up to

24、 .你在做什么？What do you think of. = How do you like.你觉得怎么样？8. bring sth back带某东西带回来9. It takes/took sb some time to do sth花费（某人）多长时间做某事10. The old man has just found the shortest way to the island.11. in the last 3 years近三年里12. grow up长大grow out of产生自grow into长大，进展prefer sth=like sth better更宠爱某物prefer t

25、o do sth宁愿做某事prefer doing. 宁愿做某事prefer.to.比起更宠爱.prefer sb not to do sth =would rather do.than do.宠爱做. 而不宠爱做.,宁愿做而不愿做某事13. try to do sth尽力做某事，设法做某事14. ask sb to do sth恳求 / 让某人做某事15. receive.f rom.从. 收到.no one没有人16. show.around.带某人四处看看17. so wonderful/ fantastic that.如此. 以至于.18. It is ADJ for sb to do

26、 sthits hard to understand how large the universe is19. millions of数以百万的go around四处走走，四处看看20. how often多久一次the last three years近三年里21. the space station空间站22. start to do sth开头做23. finish doing sth做完某事高中英语全部复杂的反义疑问句的用法1当陈述部分的主语是I ，而句子又用来征询对方的看法时，附加疑问句中的主语用you。如：I find English very interesting, dont

27、you. I don t like that film, do you.2当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用they 。但亦可用he，特别是nobody, no one等作主语，具有否定概念时。如：Somebody phoned while I was out, didnt they. Everyone enjoyed the party, didnt they.Nobody wants to go there, does he.3当陈述部分的主语是不定代词ever

28、ything,nothing,anything,something 时，附加 疑问句中的主语一般用it ，不用 they 。如：Everything seems all right now, doesnt it. Nothing is kept in good order, is it.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Something must be done to stop pollution, isnt it.4. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that或 these,those时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用 it和 they 。如：This is important

29、, isnt it. That isnt correct, is it.These are your friends Tom and Jack, arent they.5. 假如陈述部分是以代词one 作主语，附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one，非正式场合用 you, 在美国英语中，在非正式场合仍可以用he。如：One cant be too careful, can one.或can you. One should do his duty, shouldnt he.6假如陈述部分用I m结构，附加疑问部分一般用aren t I。如：I am strong and healthy arent

30、 I。7当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句中的主语也用there 。如：Theres no help for it, is there.Theres something wrong, isnt there.8陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分的动词用确定形式。如：Bob rarely got drunk, did he. Few people know him, do they.She seldom goes to the cinema, does she

31、.假如陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么， 该陈述部分作确定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如：He was unsuccessful, wasnt he. Tom dislikes the book, doesnt he.9当陈述部分为主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如：She says that I did it, doesnt she.I told them not everybody could do it ,didntI.但当陈述部分的主语是I ，谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时，附加疑问部分就往往

32、与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要留意否定的转移。I suppose that hes serious isnt he. I don t think she cares, does she.10 当陈述部分是并列句，附加疑问句就需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一样。如：Xiao Lin hasbeen writing letters all afternoonbut he should finish them now, shouldn t he.11在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中，附加疑问部分一般用will you, wont you, would you,有时也可用can yo

33、u, cant you, why dont you, could you等。如：Dont open the door, will you. Give me some cigarettes, can you. Take a rest, why dont you.但是，以 let s开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we;以 let us开头的祈使句，假如含义是allow us，不包括听话人在内，疑问部分用will you。如：Let s have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料wo

34、rd 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Let us go out for a rest, will you.12当陈述部分带有情态动词must 表示“必需”时，疑问部分用mustnt 。如：You must work hard next term, mustnt you. I must answer the letter, mustnt I.但如表估计这层含义时，不能用must，而要依据陈述部分的不定式结构（即must 之后的动词）以及含义采纳相应的动词形式。如：You must have made a mistake, havent you.They must h

35、ave seenthe film last week, didnt they. He must be in the library, isnt he.13当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时，疑问部分可用usednt 或 didn t 。如：The old man used to smoke, didnt he. 或usednt he. Tom used to live here, usednt he. 或didn t he.当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to 时，疑问部分用oughtn t或 shouldn t 。 如：He ought to know the answer, ough

36、tnt he.We ought to read this book, oughtnt we. 或shouldn t we.15当陈述部分含有had better时，疑问部分用had。如：16感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be 的现在时， 且常用否定形式。如：What a c lever boy, isnt he.What a lovely day, isnt it.17陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时，疑问部分的主语通常用 it 。如：Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesnt it. Betwee

37、n six and seven will suit you, wont it.Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it. 18在口语和非正式文体中，为了加强语气，只是表示某种诧异、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答，这时前后两部分的确定、否定是一样的。 如：Oh, he isa writer, is he.Youll not go, wont you.19陈述句中的谓语动词是wish ，表示愿望时用may，且用确定形式。如： I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I

38、.20当陈述部分带有表示“全部”含义的动词have（ has）时，疑问部分既可用have形式，也可用do 形式。如：You have a new bike, havent you （或dont you ） .She doesnt have any money in her pocket, does she.Module 4Education1 arrive in/ at到达，抵达how long多久2 get on very well with sb与某人相处很好3 in the last 15years在过去的15 年里since 2004自从以来 4 hear about / of听说Pr

39、oject Hope期望工程 5 That sounds interesting那听起来很好玩6 all over China遍及全国an 8-year-old boy一个八岁的男孩7 want sb to do sth想要某人做某事8 drop out of school退学on the farm在 农 场可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结9 stop doing停止做某事have to do sth不得不做某

40、事 look after照看，照管get a good education受到（良好的）训练 with the help of在. 的帮忙下10raise money for the poor children为穷孩子筹集钱11in the countryside在乡村12send students to high schools送同学去学校13a school with no electricity and only a few books只有一些书没有电的学校14because of sth由于.thousands of数以千计的15in fact实际上take part in参与16、m

41、eet with sb/sth遇到，遇见17be different from.与. 不同the sameas.与. 相同 27 Improve on/ upon在. 方面得到改进 28 Talk about education谈论训练29. wear glasses戴眼镜know about知道，明白30work for为而工作Module 5Western music1. be called被叫做.be born诞生于2. traditional Beijing Opera传统京剧give us a break让我们清净一会儿3. a fan of的迷the center of的中心4.

42、classical music古典音乐playfor为.演奏.5. at the age of在几岁时a piece of music一首曲子6. two pieces of music两首曲子be famous for sth因而闻名7. the rest of.其余的.go on holiday去度假8. buy sth for sb为某人买某物9. move.to.搬到move away移开move on连续前进move out搬走10. make films拍电影belong to属于make sure确信11. decide to do sth打算做某事12. She doesnt

43、like popmusic, does she. No, she doesnt. 你不宠爱流行音乐，是吗？是，我不宠爱。13. I m not sure我不确信the center of the city市中心14. one of the most famous composers最闻名的作曲家之一15. even more successful and popular甚至更胜利更受欢迎16. not onlybut also不但. 而且17. when he was only 35当他 35 岁的时候18. be good at doing sth善于做某事19. What kind/ type of books什么种类的书20. find a part-time job找一个