新目标英语八年级上Unit3比较等级讲解与练习进步(无规范标准答案).doc

.* 八年级上册语法专题之 ——形容词副词的比较级与最高级 形容词分为三种等级:原级,比较级与最高级。 一、形容词的原级及用法 ◆形容词的原级(形容词本来面目不作变化) 1.表示没有进行比较或进行同级比较 2.可以修饰原级的词: very、quite、 enough(“足够”,用在形容词后)so pretty too how rather(相当) (not) as…as (“(不)像…一样”,同级比较) not so…as (“不像…一样”,同级比较) e.g. How happy we are! 我们多么高兴啊！ This ruler is as long as that one. 这把尺子和那把一样长。(变否定句) This ruler is not as/so long as that one. 二、形容词比较级最高级变化规则 ①单音节词比较级在词尾加er,最高级加est cold —colder —coldest tall —taller —tallest high —higher —highest long —longer —longest ②以字母e结尾的词只加r或st nice —nicer —nicest late —later —latest fine —finer —finest ③重读闭音节双写辅音字母再加er或est big —bigger —biggest hot —hotter —hottest wet — wetter —wettest thin —thinner —thinnest red—redder —reddest fat —fatter —fattest sad —sadder —saddest ④以辅音字母+y结尾的词把y变i再加er或est easy — easier — easiest early — earlier — earliest funny — funnier — funniest happy — happier — happiest heavy— heavier — heaviest dirty — dirtier — dirtiest ⑤多音节词、部分双音节词(特别是ful结尾及v.+ed/ing构成的形容词)及个别单音节词(fun)在前面加more或most interesting important difficult excitied tired careful popular expensive boring fun ⑥不规则变化 little — less — least good / well — better — best bad / ill / badly —— worse —— worst many / much —— more —— most old —— older —— oldest (年龄大的,与than连用) old — elder — eldest(“年长的”,只作定语不与than连用) far —— farther —— farthest (距离远) far —— further —— furthest (除距离外,还指程度上更进一步的) ★★口诀：合二为一共三对, “坏、病”、“两多”并“两好”； 一分为二有两个，一是“远来”、二是“老”； 还有一词含双义，只记“少”来不记“小”。 ◆副词比较级和最高级的变化规则大致与此相同 三、比较级用法 比较级的基本用法及常用句型结构 （1） 含义：两个人或事物之间的比较 （2） 标志词：than （比 ） ★★①可以修饰比较级的副词： much （…得多） alittle (一点儿) alot （…得多） abit (一点儿) far （…得多） even (甚至) still ( 仍然 ) rather (更) 　　eg: LessonOneismucheasierthanLessonTwo.第一课比第二课容易得多。 　　 Tomlooksa little youngerthanbefore.汤姆比以前年轻一点。 　　 Shedrivesstillmorecarefullythanherhusband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。 ②比较级常用的句型结构 ★ 考点1. “A+比较级+than+B”表示: “A比B…” 　 eg: TomistallerthanKate.汤姆比凯特高。 　　 Igetupearlierthanmymothereverymorning.我每天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。 ★ 考点2. “A+比较级+than+ anyother+单数名词”，表示：“A比其他任何一个都……”， （含义是: 同一范围内比较，甲最……”。 ） 　　 eg:TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina. 　 　　=TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.长江是中国最长的河流。 v 【注意：加other (其它的)，其功用为避免和本身做比较。 TheYangtzeRiver islongerthananyriverinJapan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。】 ★ 考点3.““比较级+and+比较级” , 表示:“越来越……”。 　 eg: Heisgettingtallerandtaller.他变得越来越高了。 　　 The story became more and more interesting. 这故事变得越来越有趣了。 Hedoeshishomeworkmoreandmorecarefully.他做作业越来越认真了。 【注：多音节形容词或副词表示“越来越…”用：moreandmore+adj/adv 原级】 ★ 考点4.““the+比较级，the+比较级”, 表示 :“越……，越……”。 eg: The more, the better. 越多越好。 The more we get, the happier well be. 我们得到越多就越快乐。 ★ 考点5.““特殊疑问词+ 比较级，A or B？” 　　eg: Whichisbigger，theearthorthemoon？哪一个大，地球还是月球？ 　 Whodrawsbetter，JennyorDanny？ 谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？ ★ 考点6.”of + the +比较范围，… + the +比较级…” eg: Of the two Australian students, Masha is ________ one.在两个澳大利亚人当中，玛莎比较高。 最高级的基本用法及常用句型结构 （1）用法：三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较。 ① in + 短语 （ 在…之中） （2） 标志词： ② of + 短语 （ 在…当中） 考点①. 主语 +the+最高级+in/of短语” 表示: “……是……中最……的”。 　　eg: Tomisthetallestinhisclass./ofallthestudents.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。 Thisappleisthebiggestofthefive.这个苹果是五个当中最大的。 　　 Ijump(the)farthestinmyclass.我是我们班跳得最远的。 【注：形容词的最高级前通常加定冠词the, 副词的最高级前定冠词the 通常可以省略】　 考点② “主语+be +one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示：“…是…中最…之一”。 eg:　BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.北京是中国最大城市之一。 考点③. “特殊疑问词+the+最高级 +甲，乙，or丙？” 用于三者及以上的比较。 　　eg: Whichcountryisthelargest，China，BrazilorCanada？ 哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？ Whichseasondoyoulike(the)best，spring，summerorautumn？ 你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？ 【注意：两者之间用比较级；三者 (或以上)用最高级】 形容词、副词的原级比较 （1）用法：两者就同一事物进行比较。 肯定句：as+形容词原形+as 表示：与......一样 （2）句型结构 否定句：not so/as+形容词原形as 表示：......不如...... eg: She is as tall as her sister. （她和她姐姐一样高。） He runs not so/as fast as his classmates. （他跑得不如他的同学们快。） Self-Check 一、单项选择 1.I feel tired, so I want to go to bed ____ tonight. A.early B.earlier C.late D.later 2.The food of our country is ___ than that of western countries. A.rather good than B.much better than C.more better than D.so goos as 3.The ice in the lake is as ____ as it was before. A.thin B.thinner C.thinnest Dthe thinnest 4.Who is _____ running star in your school? A.famous B.more famous C.the most famous D.less famous 5.—Which season do you like _____? —Summer. A.good B.well C.the better D.best 6.Lucy’s pen is ___ nicer than yours. A.too B.more C.quite D.a little 7.—Is your brother as outgoing as you? —No, he’s a quiet boy. He is ________. A.less outgoing than me B.not so calm as I C.more outgoing than me D.as outgoing as I 8.—How are you today? —Much ____. A.good B.well C.better D.the best 9.Tom’s card is newer than ____. A.our B.her C.my D.his 10.___ is more beautiful than roses. A. No other flower B. No another flower C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers 11.Mary studies harder ______ in her class. A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.He is 3 times as _____(old) as me. 2.I’m too tired to go any _________.(far) 3.Who is _____, Lily or Lucy? 4.Tom is the _______(heavy) of the three. 5.Tom is the _______ of the two boys. 6.Russia is _______(large) than any other country in the world. 7.His computer is the _______________(expensive) of all. 8.You are pretty ___________(beautiful). 9.The book is ____________(useful) than that one. 10.Who’s the _________(healthy) , you, he or she? 11.How ______(small) the shirt is! I want a ________ (big) one. 12.You have _______(short) and ______(curly) hair than Susan. 13.Is this street a lot ______(noisy) than that one? 14.I feel much _____________(excited) now. 15.Soccer is becoming _____ and ______ _________(popalar) in China. 16.My sister doesn’t write as _____(good) as I do. 17.The ______(much) you practice, the ______ (good) your English will be. 18.No other animal is _______(scary) than a snake. 19.Math is less ________(difficult) than English. 20.What a _______(funny) boy! 21.You’re _______(bad) at sports than me. 22.It’s the third _______ (long) river in China. 三、句型转换 1.I have a big bag. He has a small bag. (合并) My bag is _____ than ______. 2.You are funny. He’s funny, too. (合并)You are ______ funny _____ him. 3.Tom is thinner than Sam. (同义句) =Sam is ______ than Tom. =Sam isn’t as ______ as Tom. 4.He and I are the same. We are quite boys. (合并) He is _____ quite _____ I. 5.They’re tall. You’re tall. too.But I’m taller than anyone else. (合并) I’m _____ ______ of all. 【形容词比较级语法专项练习题】 1. I think real cards are ____ than e-cards. ( 2008北京中考) A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest 2. Lee came to Beijing in 2005. He has been here_____than you. ( 2009北京中考) A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 3. —Which color do you like ________, blue or green? ( 2010北京中考) —Blue. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 4. I work hard this term, but Peter works much ____.( 2012北京中考) A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 5. Debbie is growing fast. She is even____________ than her mother. ( 2013北京中考) A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 6. —Which season do you like _________，winter or summer? ( 2014北京中考) —Summer. A. well B. better C. best D. the best 7. His suit looks ______ than the one I bought yesterday. (2013- 2014石景山期末) A. good B. better C. best D. the best 8. I like English very much. I think it’s a little ____than math. (2013- 2014朝阳区期末) A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. the easiest 9. Peter works hard on Chinese this term, but Alice works even _______. ( 2013-2014大兴一模) A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 10. I think skiing is __________ than climbing. That’s why I like it. A. exciting B. more exciting C. most exciting D. the most exciting ( 2013-2014 形容词、副词（原级、比较级和最高级）练习 A 部分 I 用适当形式填空： 1. Bob is _________ (young) than Fred but ___________ (tall) than Fred. 2. Ying Tian is not as ___________ (tall) as Yong Xian. 3. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______ (fat) than before the holidays, 4.Which is _________ (heavy),a hen or a chicken? 5.-- How _________ (tall) is Sally? -- She s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What about Xiaoling? She s only 1.40 metres _____(tall). She is much ___ (short) than Sally. She is also the ___ (short) girl in the class. 6. He is _____ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _____ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _______ (bad) at English. 7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world. 8. He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think. 9. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book. 10. An orange is a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon. 11. The Changjiang River is the _______ (long) river in China. 12. Sue is a little ________ (beautiful) than her sister. 13. My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother s. 14.--How difficult is physics? --I m not sure. -- Is it ________ (difficult) than maths? -- I don’t think so. 15.Annie plays the piano very _____ (well). Sue plays it ___ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the ____ (well). 16. Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week. 17. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat). 18. I think it’s too expensive. I’d like a _____________ (cheap) one. 19. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I. 20.This book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one. 21. Your classroom is __________(wide) and _________(bright) than ours. 22. Practise as __________ (much) as you can. 23. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good). 24. Nowadays English is _________( important ) than any other subject, 1 think. 25. Most of the students think a lion is much ________(dangerous) than a bear and it is the ______ (dangerous) animal in the world. III完成句子： 1 她看起来不如玛丽年轻。 She doesnt look __________ _________ __________ Mary. 2.杰克的父亲比母亲大一岁。 Jacks father is __________ _________ _________ than her mother. 3.我们的教室比他们的明亮得多。Our classroom is ___________ ___________ than theirs. 4.当心！这条路越来越危险。 Look out! The mad is becoming ________ and _________ ________. 5.你喜欢哪种动物，猫还是狗？ Which animal do you like __________, a cat or a dog? Ⅳ单项选择 1.This box is________ that one. A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as 2. When we speak to people, we should be __________. A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3. This book is______ that one, but______ than that one. A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so ____ as that one. A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5. His father began to work______ he was seven years old. A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while 6. I think science is _______ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important 7. This pencil is______ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long 8. My mother is no _______ young. A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few 9. These children are ________ this year than they were last year. A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller 10. It was very hot yesterday, but it is____ today. A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot 11. Mrs. Black has got_______ instead of getting any better. A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse 12. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_______ students. A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 13. The house is _______ small for a family of six. A. much too B. too much C. very much D. so 14. Through the window we can see nothing but _______ buildings. A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 15. -Whats your brother like? -He is_______. A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 16. The jacket was so_______ that he decided to buy it. A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheap 17. Our classroom is________ larger than theirs. A. more B. quite C. very D. much 18. The earth is about___ as the moon. A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big 19. Your room is ________ mine. A. twice as large than B. twice the size of C. bigger twice than D. as twice large as 20. Your room is ________ than mine. A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times 21. His father is________ than his mother. ; A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years 22. Maths is more popular than____. A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject 23. China is larger than _________ in Africa. A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country 24. Tom is stronger than ________ in his class. A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy 25. When spring comes, it gets_________. A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter 26. By and by, _________ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least 27. At last he began to cry __________. A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder 28. When spring comes the days get _______ and nights ________. A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer 29. _______ I look at the picture, _________ I like it. A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more 30. _______ he read the book, _______ he got in it. A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 31. _______ you come back, _______ it will be. A. The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the