新规范标准大学英语综合教学方案教育教程2课后练习进步知识学习标准答案.doc

,. Unit 1 Acting Reading (1) 3 1. issue 2. opportunity 3. establishment 4. campus 5. protest 6. launch 7. prospects 8. employment 4 1. issue 2. campus 3. protests 4. establishment 5. prospects 6. employment 7. launch 8. opportunity 5 1. clashes 2. The two parties formed an alliance to respond to the problem. 3. I’ve always considered myself as a liberal. 4. governor 5. economy 6. The 1960s were characterized by a new type of popular music. 7. dropped out 8. For many people, listening to their music was a liberating experience. 9. passion 6 b, a, b, b, b, a, a, b 7 d, b Acting Reading (2) 3 1. rebel 2. era 3. destruction 4. gender 5. assert 6. philosophy 7. industrial 4 1. rebel 2. assert 3. era 4. Industrial 5. philosophy 6. gender 7. destruction 5 a, a, a, a, b, a, b, b 6 1. critical 2. critical 3. critical 4. approving or critical 5. critical or approving 6. approving 7 b, b Language in use 1 1. government 2. Postmodernism 3. development 4. individualism 5. agreement 6. investment 7. Sexism 8. romanticism 2 1. The world has changed a lot since the 1960s, and so have universities. 2. I really enjoyed my years at university, and so did Jackie. 3. Choosing the right course is always a major problem for new students, and so is organizing one’s time on campus. 4. I’m thinking of going to the lecture on post-colonial literature, and so is Li Ming. 5. I think the facilities in our college have improved over the last few years, and so has the teaching. 6. We can access the Internet in our student hostel, and so can everyone else on campus. 7. I’m not very interested in politics, nor are my friends. 8. I won’t be doing much tonight, nor will my roommate. 3 1. Starting out at college means meeting lots of interesting people. 2. Going to bed too late means not being able to concentrate the next day. 3. Doing a course in Lit Theory means spending a lot of time on difficult subjects. 4. Being interested in literature means having an open mind about other ways of life. 5. Protesting against the Vietnam War in the 1960s meant going out onto the streets. 6. Going to college today means spending a lot of time thinking about what you will do afterwards. 4 1. 在欧洲的大学校园里，大学生以新的姿态和激情投入到争取自由和正义的事业中去，大规模的社会主义或共产主义运动引发了他们与当权者之间日益升级的暴力冲突。 2. 现在，政治、社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭借大学的助力，而是冲破其阻力才发生的。当然，一点不假，高等教育仍然重要。例如，在英国，布莱尔首相几乎实现了到2010 年让50％的30 岁以下的人上大学的目标（即使愤世嫉俗的人会说，这是要把他们排除在失业统计数据之外）。 3. 我从没指望通过上文学理论课来了解我这一代人的特征，或了解美国大学在如何变化。这门课是让你在课堂上扮酷的——带着一丝熬夜太多的困劲儿，穿着一件T 恤衫，上面印着“去过那儿，干过那事儿，对，这就是那件T 恤衫”，或诸如此类带有揶揄意味的俏皮话。 4. 我们这一代人来自所谓的短世纪（1914－1989），生于其后期。这个世纪充满了战争和革命，它改变了人类文明，推翻了强权政府，给我们留下了非同寻常的机会和特权。我们所得到的机会与特权比从前任何一代人都要多。 5 1. Instead of resolving contradictions, the series of measures taken by the government gave rise to more violent clashes. The Opposition formed an alliance with the trade unions and launched a general strike, which ultimately brought about the downfall of the government. 2. Nowadays, the gap between the university and the real world is shrinking and students are becoming more and more practical. Gone are the days when the university was an ivory tower in which scholars pursued knowledge as an end rather than a means to an end. 3. I never hoped to learn the subject well by attending those lectures. But I did go to lectures, for it was the place where I could get the important points of the course and learn how to organize materials and how to reason. 4. Although I have been trying every means to solve the problem, I cannot work out a satisfactory solution. But when I went to the kitchen to get a drink, something clicked and made me realize that the solution might be quite simple. Reading across cultures 1 1. Bologna University is about 900 years old. 2. Students paid the lecturers for their work. 3. Five students were the minimum number needed to attend a lecture. 4. The lecturer was declared absent and given a fixed fine. 5. There were a number of other reasons for a lecturer to be punished. These included: if lecturers failed to meet the standards set out in the university statutes; if they started lectures a minute late or if they went on beyond the approved time; if they failed to cover the syllabus according to an agreed timetable; and if they passed over a difficult subject or failed to emphasize each part of a difficult syllabus. 6. Four students were elected as spies. 7. They were obliged to report irregularities such as bad lecturing technique, failure to cover the syllabus, or absence without leave. 8. Students lost their power over lecturers by 1350 because the payment system was changed. Lecturers were appointed and paid by the local town council. Unit 2 Acting Reading (1) 4 9. stroke 10. crawl 11. imitate 12. pat (a) patted (b) imitating (c) crawl (d) stroking 5 10. distinct 11. Infants 12. sympathetic 13. stem from 14. trace; discipline 15. A lot of my childhood memories have faded now, but I have an overall impression that I often felt a vague sense of distress. 6 a, a, a, a, b, b, a, a, b Acting Reading (2) 4 8. honorable 9. drama 10. beam 11. catalog 12. volume 13. knot 14. couch 15. clip 16. mostly 5 1. honorable 2. beam 3. mostly 4. catalog 5. clip 6. knot 7. couch 8. volume 9. drama 6 b, a, a, a, b, a, a, b, b Language in use 1 9. immigrants 10. contestants 11. vacancies 12. consultancy 13. defendant 14. hesitancy 15. attendant 16. pregnancy 17. assistant 2 9. You misunderstand it. 10. You have misplaced it. 11. It is misfortune. 12. You have made a misjudgment. 13. You have been misinformed about it. 3 7. By the time I arrived at the party, almost everyone had already left. 8. By the time children are two, they have known about 100 words. 9. By the time he realized what was happening, it had been too late to ask for help. 10. By the time I finally got my degree, most of my friends already had jobs. 11. By the time they leave primary school, children have learnt a lot of useful skills. 12. By the time Courtney finished writing the essay, the deadline had already passed. 4 5. The old man shouted at me, as if / as though it were me who had made the mistake. 6. The girl started crying, as if / as though it were she who had fallen over. 7. Lucy stood at the door welcoming everyone, as if /as though it were her party. 8. Sylvia closed the door of David’s room, as if / as though it were him that was making the noise. 5 1. 这种所谓的运动神经模仿就是“同感”的原始技术含义，而“同感”这个词于20世纪20年代由美国心理学家E.B.铁钦纳首次使用。铁钦纳的理论是：同感发自对他人痛苦的一种身体模仿，这种模仿继而在自身引起同样的心理感受。 2. 他当时在寻找一个与同情有所区别的词；同情是针对他人的一般困境而发的，无须分担他人的任何感受。小孩两岁半左右就渐渐不再有运动神经模仿行为，那时他们会意识到别人的痛苦与自己的不同，会更有能力安慰别人。 3. 我也喜欢生人脸上那瞬间的震惊表情、匆忙的微笑和他们竭力装出的“正常脸色”。如果他们这套仪式做得够好，我就会微微转过头，把头发掖到离他们较近的那只耳朵后面。 4. 我告诉他说：“我基本上只读唇语，因为这比用手语更容易，但这不是我一直盯着你的嘴唇的唯一原因。”他大笑起来。我们又说了一会儿话。后来，主人放大音乐的音量，调暗“舞池”的灯光；我不得不凑近他，近得多得多，以便能在昏暗中接着读他的唇语。我的确读到了他的唇语。 6 1. The moment I saw those old photos in the drawer, tears welled up in my eyes, for my memory went back to the days when I lived happily with my grandparents, my parents and my brothers and sisters. 2. When a student slipped on a pool of water and fell over, people’s reaction diverged from one another. Some approached caringly to see if he was hurt and if they could help; some just stood there confusing over what to do about it; while others just tuned out. 3. Last Saturday morning, I did the usual and went shopping in the supermarket. When I was about to open the door of my car, I found that I did not have my wallet on me. I could do nothing but go back home in search of it, but I failed to find it anywhere. 4. When I was a second grader, one of my classmates got a red radio-controlled toy car as a birthday gift. The rest of us could only admire, but could not imitate, because the car was expensive and was bought in Hong Kong, a place which seemed to us as far away as New York at that time. Unit 3 Acting Reading (1) 4 1. fraud 2. precaution 3. deception 4. trash 5. household 6. overnight 5 16. obviously 17. online 18. log off 19. commonplace 20. forge 6 b, b, a, a, a, a, b, b, a Acting Reading (2) 4 17. instance 18. widely 19. commerce 20. offensive 21. weapon 22. current 23. extract 5 a, b, b, a, a, a, a, a Language in use 1 b 2 b, a, b, b, b, a 3 1. I make a lot of mistakes 2. I waste a lot of time chatting to people about nothing 3. I always start it too late 4. I spend too much time on the phone instead of talking to them 5. I am useless in class the next day 6. I spend far too much money 4 b, b, a, b, a, b, b, a, b, b 5 1. 这是2002年的电影《有种来抓我》的剧情简介。影片讲述了小弗兰克阿巴格纳尔（莱昂纳多迪卡普里奥饰演）的故事。影片主人公是一位聪明绝顶的年轻骗术大师，曾在不同时间扮演医生、律师和飞行员的角色，在26个国家伪造了价值600万美元以上的支票。他成了联邦调查局有史以来伪造罪头号通缉令名单上最年轻的通缉犯。 2. 2003年以来，身份盗窃案变得越来越常见。很少有人会想象到，为了预防这种改变人生的犯罪，采取一些预防措施有多么重要，比如把邮件拿到邮局去寄而不是丢在信箱里等人来取、把文件切碎而不是直接把它们连同垃圾一道扔出去，甚至使用几美元一支的（特效）笔等等。 3. 假如说我们从恐怖分子那里——更不用说从动作电影那里——学到了一招，那就是，工具也是武器。全球通用的信用卡和支持它们的数据库是去除商业摩擦的工具。换句话说，它们是以让各方最省事的方式从人们那里取钱的工具。 4. 无论通用身份的前景如何，我们尚不知道该如何应付这样一个世界：无论我身在何处，一切都可能与我有关联。一方面，这个世界给我们提供了无可置疑的种种方便；另一方面，我们又面对着所有这些强化组合的信息（如果是合理的强化组合该多好啊）所带来的种种危险。这种危险虽然模糊，但显然离我们很近。我们尚不知如何在两者之间保持平衡。 6 5. These are important documents, the content of which should be kept strictly confidential. If you need to dispose of them, you must shred them or tear them up instead of throwing them out with the trash. 6. Nowadays, white-collar crimes such as forging checks, ID cards and credit cards have become very common. Though we have learnt much about how to prevent ourselves from being cheated, it seems that we could be its victims at any time. 7. It has been several months since the earthquake. Life has returned to normal, and people are busy going about their business. But there is no escaping the fact that the mental trauma the earthquake brought to people will never be wiped out. 8. Why does it matter that a library has many new books and electronic resources readily available to the readers? This is because if so, the scholars know the latest development in their own fields and know whether their research is valuable. Unit 4 Acting Reading (1) 4 1. No, it is made more exciting in some way. 2. A very long time, centuries. 3. They should follow the guidelines. 4. They should check the source. 5. They live in poverty. 6. It is image. 7. It is element. 5 1. Chase 2. Trainee 3. Erode 4. Odd 5. Horror 6. Startle 7. Echo 8. Reaction 9. Frame 6 1. reactions; horror 2. chase 3. echoes 4. startled 5. trainees 6. eroded 7. oddest 8. frame 7 a, b, a, b, b, a Acting Reading (2) 2 1. More and more readers are turning to the Internet for news. 2. 20 or more years ago. 3. 19 per cent. 4. 700. 5. By closing down its foreign news bureaux. 6. The pages have become smaller. 7. Four billion. 8. Sunday. 9. Lifestyle journalism. 3 1. assignment 2. editorial 3. revenue 4. close down 5. survey 6. rely on 7. feedback 8. bureau 4 assignment; bureau; rely on; feedback; surveys; editorial; revenue 5 1. capture 2. established; Nevertheless 3. estates 4. integrity 5. compact; Moreover 6. journalism 6 b; a; a; b; b; a; a; a; b 7 a; a; b; b; a; b Language in use 1 1. downtown 2. download 3. downgrade 4. downstairs 5. downmarket 6. downturn 2 1. go down 2. turned me down 3. run down 4. stand down 5. go down 6. handed down 7. brought down 8. broke down 3 1. The late-night edition of the paper was bought by a lot of people interested in the result of the match. 2. The princess was followed across the town by photographers determined to get a photo of her. 3. The programme was watched by millions of people hoping to win the star prize. 4. The alarm was set off by two children startled to hear a noise in the back room. 5. The police were contacted by one of the boys’ mothers worried that he might have got lost. 6. The front-page headlines were changed by the editor hoping to be the first to break the news. 7. Online editions of the newspapers are being read by more and more people not wanting to buy the traditional edition. 4 1. So odd was the newsreader’s accent that I couldn’t understand what she was saying. 2. So incredibly bad was the language on that programme that I switched off the TV. 3. So exaggerated was the story that it had to be completely rewritten. 4. So careless was one of the trainees that he left his notebook at the scene of the crime 5. So great was the distance from one region to the next that we had to ravel by plane. 6. So slow were Frank’s reactions that he wasn’t able to avoid hitting the car in front. 5 1. 一个事件光有客观重要性显然还不够——世界上有大量全球性的大问题，都会造成戏剧性的后果，从贫穷问题到全球变暖问题——但由于它们都是进行中的，并不都会在同一天成为头条。对比之下，9/11不仅具有国际性，而且奇特怪异、出人意料，还（可能使读者对身陷那场悲剧中的人们的痛苦感同身受，从这个意义上讲）极具人性。 2. 但是，电视新闻未必比报纸报道更客观或更可靠，因为你在屏幕上看到的图像是经过记者或编辑根据特殊的目的，或至少是按照指示筛选过的；它们是从一个独特的视点展现给观众的。如果把摄像机移到别的地方，你就会看到另一番景象。 3. 互联网为任何有意见的人提供了一个便利的窗口；报纸编辑最喜欢的莫过于给它们提供各种不同的反馈和意见，他们能从中得到安慰。如今十几岁的少年已不记得曾经没有互联网的日子了；只有在写关于印刷新闻这一特定媒体的作业时他们才去读报。 4. 如此看来，报纸是不会轻易消失的。未来报纸发展的趋势包括对本地新闻需求的日益增长，而始于20世纪80年代后期的对生活方式新闻的持续开发利用——尤其在个人理财和旅游方面——将会创造新的收入来源。 6 1. So sudden, so striking was the news that I sat motionless on sofa for a few minutes. My first instinct was to call our leaders to tell them what had happened and see what we could do for those colleagues who died or got injured in this traffic accident. 2. Paper books for children have an enormous advantage over e-books. For children, a beautifully printed paper book is not only a book but also a toy they can play with. Reading a paper book is rather different from reading a book on the screen. 3. In recent years, traditional media are in the tendency of decline and new media are developing rapidly. However, this does not necessarily mean that traditional media have lost the market. When it comes to reading things like news, people are still used to such traditional media as newspaper. 4. With the explosion of the financial crisis, many enterprises find themselves in difficulties. For those who have no circulating fund to invest in new production and would not let the vicious circle continue, the only thing they can do is turn to government for help. Reading across cultures 1 1. The total number of copies has continued to rise by about one per cent per year. 2. 440 million in 2006. 3. 70 per cent. 4. Online articles. 5. Size. Unit 5 Acting Reading (1) 4 8. military 9. bloodshed 10. combat 11. mission 12. heroic 13. commander 5 10. commander 11. combat 12. mission 13. heroic 14. military 15. bloodshed 6 9. primarily 10. reveal 11. insane 12. specifies 13. immediate 14. comic 7 a, a,b,b,b,b Acting Reading (2) 2 b, c, d, d, a, d 3 9. fate 10. confine 11. cruelty 12. survivor 13. emigrate 14. evil 15. badge 16. invade 17. refugee 4 24. evils 25. cruelty 26. emigrate 27. refugees 28. invaded 29. badges 30. confined 31. fate 32. survivors 5 7. m