新课程新高考新策略3.doc

!- 新课程、 新高考、 新策略 ——2011年高考研讨会讲座 合肥八中--王志国 2011年高考英语学科备考建议： （一）对2011年的高考总体预测：今年的考试说明除了增加10个左右的新词，从内容到题例和去年相比几乎没有什么变化，所以根据2011年的考试说明和2010年的高考试题，今年的高考试题可能有两个地方的变化，但总体上今年的高考试题还是一个“稳”字。 变化一是在单选题上增加词汇的考题，2009年词汇题是三题，2010年是5题，而今年还会增加，而且题目趋向灵活，即不是纯知识题。发达地区词汇试题通常是9题左右。 变化二是阅读理解试题上篇幅可能稍增长，而且题目不在A,B,C,D选项上玩字迷游戏，而是加强捕捉信息和处理信息的能力，即着重在阅读中怎样快速捕捉信息上以及信息处理的思维性上。 （二）对《英语新课程标准》及2011年安徽高考《考试说明》的研究与对策 背景： 2006年秋季，安徽省高一新生全面进入新课程。普通高中新课程改革是本次高考改革的直接动因。随着课程改革的推进，新课程的理念已经逐渐深入人心。如果不把学生学业水平评价、综合素质评价与选修课程纳入高考新方案，高中新课程的推进就会障碍重重，甚至会导致新课程改革的全面退潮与应试教育的回潮。 高考模式： “3+文科综合/理科综合+学业水平测试+综合素质评价”。增加了高二年级结束时的学业水平测试与高中三年的综合素质评价，建立起对高中学生进行综合评价的体系，同时为高校招生时增加了录取依据。 研究一：高中英语课程采取必修课与选修课相结合的课程设置模式，增加了对选修内容的考查 必修课程共10个学分，按模块1—5（即英语1—英语5）顺序开设。选修课程分为两个系列。系列I的课程是在必修课程模块1—5的基础上顺序开设的课程，共有6个模块（即英语6—英语11），每个模块2个学分。学生完成模块英语6—英语8的学习，可以达到八级目标要求。安徽省2009年高考方案规定，统考科目考查该科目必修与选修Ⅰ的内容，其中选修课程的总分值原则上不低于10%，均设为必做题。出于高考改革平稳过渡的考虑，并结合安徽省普通高中选修课程开设的实际情况，2010年高考统考的选修课程部分定为指定必考， 在选修指定考试的基础上，逐步走向选修、选考或降低选修课的难度。 “选修课程的总分值原则上不低于10%”，是相对于整个统考分值而言，并不是指单科选修的分值都达到自身分值的10%，总分值的10%意味着可能出现某个科目选修比例超过10%，而有的则不足10%，所以任何科目的选修内容都不能放弃。 由于英语学科自身的特点，选修和必修主要体现在词汇量上和阅读量上，所以我们平时要在阅读和词汇教学上下功夫。 研究二：课程目标及考试性质 课程目标 高中英语课程的总目标是发展自主学习和合作学习的能力，形成有效的英语学习策略，培养学生的综合语言运用能力。综合语言运用能力的形成建立在语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等素养整合发展的基础理论上。 考试性质 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是由合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试（高考这种考试形式是最合理也是最公平的）。高考应在考查基础知识和基本技能的同时，着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息的能力，分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力；形成跨文化交际的意识和基本的跨文化交际能力。 对策二：为了着重培养学生以上三种能力，我们把高中阶段所学的八个模块所涉及到得体裁（文体）和题材（话题）进行归纳，并与近三年一些主要省份高考所考阅读文中所出现的文章进行对比，以便我们在平时阅读教学以及在后期阅读训练当中应多注意哪些教学策略。 研究三：内容标准及考试内容 根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，依据教育部2003年颁发的《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》和教育部考试中心颁发的《考试大纲》，参照省教育厅颁发的《安徽省普通高中新课程英语学科教学指导意见》并结合我省中学英语教学实际，确定本学科考试内容。 内容标准 一）、语言知识 英语语言基础知识包括语音、词汇、语法、功能和话题等五个方面的内容。 要求学生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题。基于我省中学英语教学及考生的实际情况，从《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》中精选了3000个左右的单词，作为高考词汇范围，而今年将从新课标中选3010左右单词，作为高考词汇范围，不把任何一中教材作为高考出题的蓝本（所以老师平时上课就要用教材而不应该教教材）。另外，出于命题的需要，增加了个别单词，以“﹡”表明，仅要求学生理解其词意。 二）、语言运用 英语语言运用能力指获取、理解信息的能力（听、读）和按情景或要求表达思想、传达信息的能力（说、写）。 对策一： 1，听力 考查的内容： 该部分考查考生对口头语言材料的理解能力以及从口头语言材料中获取信息的能力。要求考生听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能： 1. 理解主旨和要义 2. 获取具体的、事实性信息 3. 听所听内容作出判断 4. 理解说话者的意图、观点和态度 试题类型： （一）简短对话通过听一个轮回的对话，考查考生对口头语言材料的理解能力以及从口头语言材料中获取信息的能力。听力材料具有明显的口语特征，听起来自然真实；题材分布广泛，涉及英语国家日常生活方方面面。 （二）对话或独白 要求考生能够听懂日常生活中简短而地道的多个轮回的对话或独白; 能从简单的文段中区分事实与观点；能听懂各种故事中人物和行为的发展和结果； 能听懂他人委婉的建议、忠告和推荐； 能听懂交谈中他人的观点、态度和爱好； 也能对回话的背景以及说话者之间的关系做出正确的推断。 高一，高二重输入，高三重输出 高一时泛听与精听结合，高三时以一本有20套听力书为主。高一和高二时，什么都可听，如书本听力材料，歌曲，电影等，还可以把新概念教材作为听说读写教材一边听一边写，写完订正（精听）。高三时，以一本资料为主，听完这本资料后不要急着换换资料，可以反复多听几遍，直到听出语音规律为止。 对策二： 2，单选： 分析研究：着重考察考生对英语语言知识的记忆、理解、掌握和运用能力。要求考生根据题干所给的语境条件进行分析、对比、灵活地运用各项英语基础知识。考查的主要语言知识包括语法、词汇、习惯用语、交际用语和各种常见表达法（考试说明）。以2009和2010安徽高考卷中题目为例： 2009年：第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 21. We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the 22. – I wonder how much you charge for your services. -- The first two are free the third costs $30. A. while B. until C. when D. before 23. Daniels family their holiday in Huangshan this time next week. A. are enjoying B. are to enjoy C. will enjoy D. will be enjoying 24. -- Do you think its a good idea to make friends with your students? -- , I do. I think its a great idea. A. Really B. Obviously C. Actually D. Generally 25. Just as Professor Scotti often it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude. A. gets B. makes C. puts D. means 26. -- Could you be so kind as to close the window? ---________ A. With pleasure B. Go ahead C. Yes, please D. Thats OK 27．A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing． A．how B．whom C．when D．which 28．The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture． A．produced B．being produced C．to be produced D．having been produced 29．Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy； they just be quiet people． A．must B．may C．should D．would 30．Many children， parents are away working in big cities， are taken good care of in the village． A．their B．whose C．of them D．with whom 31．China has got a good for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization． A．reputation B．influence C．impression D．knowledge 32． a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project． A．It has B．They have C．It remains D．There remains 33．We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all ． A．given away B．kept away C．taken up D．used up 34．But for their help，we the program in time． A．can not finish B．will not finish C．had not finished D．could not have finished 35．Im amazed to hear from my school teacher again． ， it is ten years since we met last． A．In a word B．What’s more C．That’s to say D．Believe it or not 21．考查冠词 22．考查并列句 23．考查时态 27．考查宾语从句 28．考查非谓语动词 29．考查情态动词 30．考查定语从句 34．考查虚拟语气 24．考查副词　31．考查名词33．考查短语动词 25．考查常见表达法 26．考查交际用语 32．考查常见句型 35．考查习惯用语 考查词汇题少（3题），语法较多，覆盖也比较广。 2010年：第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节 单项填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 21．You are a team star! Working with is rally your cup of tea.[来源:学科网] A. both B．either C. others D．the other 21. 答案C 22．No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone you wishing they were that high. A. getting rid of B. getting along with C.1ooking up to D. Looking down upon 22. 答案C 23．一How did you like Nick’s performance last night? 一To be honest, his singing didn’t to me much． A．appeal B. belong C．refer D．occur 23. 答案A 24.一Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program? 一 ，does it? A. It takes no time B. It counts for nothing C．It doesn’t hurt to ask D．It doesn’t make sense 24. 答案C 25.I haven’t seen Sara since she was a girl，and she has changed beyond . A. hearing B. strength C. recognition D． measure 25. 答案C 26．Bob would have helped us yesterday，but he ． A. was busy B．is busy C had been busy D．will be busy 26. 答案A 27.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B．that C．when D. which 27. 答案B 28. 一Were you surprised by the ending of the film? 一No. I the book, so I already knew the story. A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 28.答案B 29.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports actives, they have the interest. A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if 29. 答案C 30. , she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile . A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful C. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic 30. 答案D 31. , she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile A．Shy and cautious B．Sensitive and thoughtful C．Honest and confident D．Lighthearted and optimistic 31. 答案D 32．Jack described his father, who a brave boy many years ago，as a strong-willed man. A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been 32. 答案D 33. Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one it becomes available A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until 33.答案A 34．一We’ve spent too much money recently． 一Well，it isn’t surprising．Our friends and relatives around all the time. A．are coming B．had come C．were coming D．have been coming 34. 答案D 35．一 ? ———That would be great! Please drop me off at the library． A．Could you bring me the bill B．Would you like me to give you a lift C．Could you tell me the postcode for Paris D．Would you like to have my e-mail address 35. 答案B 21.考查代词22.考查短语动词23.考查短语动词25.考查名词31.考查形容词 26.考查时态28.考查时态34.考查时态 27.考查强调句型。 29.考查状语从句33.考查状语从句 30.考查非谓语动词 32.考查情态动词 24.考查日常用语 35.考查交际用语 考查词汇题多（5题），语法题覆盖面小。 预测：2011年单选题题干难度可能加大，还进一步加大考查词汇力度的力度。 对策：语言知识:“自诵自悟”，“活记‘软背’”，“熟读”，“精思” 再这茫茫题海中如何应对这些language points？我个人主张用记句子的方法去解决，用形象的句子代替抽象的语法理论，以定语从句为例：在定语从句方面，定语从句的核心问题是找先行词，因为先行词在定语从句中一定要充当成分，所以我让同学只要记三类七个句子即可：第一类，定语从句缺主语或宾语的,指人的选who或whom，指物的选which或that。如果是非限制性定语从句，指物的选which 或as。 1. There are many things in different areas_____ we can do to reduce the possible dangers of AIDS. A. where B. there C. what D. that 2. The company was willing to provide us with what we needed, ______ , made is excited. A. what B. It C. which D. that 3. _______ is the case with humans, animals also love their babies. A. Which B. It C. What D. As 第二类，定语从句有主语和宾语的，先行词在定语从句中做状语，或定语从句的动词是不及物动词的，带宾语必须带介词，所以这一类答案要选介词加关系词类。 4. EBay, Amazon and Wal-Mart are popular websites______ people can sell goods to each other. A. where B. which C. when D. whose 5. The expected results_______ he had worked hard seemed hopeless to him. A. after which B. for which C. with which D. at which 第三类，定语从句的主语或宾语与先行词是从属关系（主语或宾语前没有the），答案选whose。定语从句的主语或宾语与先行词有部分与整体的关系，指人答案选of whom，指物答案选of which。 6. The CCTV Tower, _______ base is an electrical equipment shop is frequently visited by travelers. A. whose B. who C. which D. whom 7. The course normally attracts 200 students per year, _______up to half are from overseas. A. in which B. for whom C. with which D. of which 在语法方面举几年高考的定语从句和while句型为例： ﹡2009年安徽高考第30题Many children， parents are away working in big cities， are taken good care of in the village． A．their B．whose C．of them D．with whom 就属于第三类，定语从句的主语与先行词有从属关系，答案只能选whose. ﹡2010合肥市一模考试题第30题 I still can’t believe my eyes when I remember the scene_____ the best player should miss the pass.属于第二类，介词加关系代词类。 A. that B. which C. where D. how ﹡2008年安徽高考题第26. All the neighbors admire this family. _________the parents are treating their child like a friend.也属于第二类。 A. why B. where C. which D. that ﹡2007安徽高考题第34题 Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. 属于第三类，定语从句主语与先行词有部分与整体的关系 A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 无论是哪一年高考题目，只要考定语从句，就不会跑出这三类的七个句子，所以老师就没有必要从grammar rules to grammar rules 了。 在复合句方面：一定掌握好引导复合句的关联词问题，如while这个词在高中范围内只要记三个子即可（都是课本里面的） 1.（北师大版第一模块第二单元第一课）While he was sleeping, the spaceship circled the earth twice.(强调过程) 2. (北师大版第二模块第五单元第一课) The first part of the song was filled with anger, while the last part expressed love and joy.(强调对比) 3. (北师大版第五模块第十三单元第一课) While your IQ tells you how intelligent you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence.(强调让步) ﹡2009年安徽高考第22题. – I wonder how much you charge for your services. -- The first two are free the third costs $30. A. while B. until C. when D. before 就是考while句型中的一个句型。关于词的方面也是一样，如take这个词，让学生记三个句型即可（抓住主要几个句型，其它的意思让学生自己去拓展，老师不必要给出全部意思）： 1. （北师大版第一模块第一单元第一课）Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day.(占据的意思) 2. （北师大版第三模块第八单元第二课）I decided to take up bungee jumping and now I am really into it.(从事某事的意思（作为嗜好)） 3. Harry took up the story at the point where John had left off.（重新开始的意思） ﹡2009年安徽高考第33题We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all ． A．given away B．kept away C．taken up D．used up 还有﹡2009年安徽高考第27题 A good friend of mine from when（on which）I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing． A．how B．whom C．when D．which 考的与北师大版第三模块第七单元第一课是同一个句型（宾语从句） Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric, but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land, from where(around which) he eventually reached Greenland. 总结：无论哪一年高考，所考的语言知识和语言技能都来自于书本，所以在高一，高二英语教学中老师要重视大量语言现象的输入，如背新概念（2,3），多背课本中经典句型（1000句左右），少做题目。到高三时要做一定量的试题。先做专题，通过做专题对课本上知识进行归纳与总结，如倒装句型，通过做专题，让学生记住14个句型；定语从句，让学生在专题里记七个句子；情态动词，让学生在专题里每个情态动词记三个句子左右；简单句与复合句，让学生记住特定词的句子，如what记两个句子，where 记三个句子，before记四个句子等等。这些句子是我们做题的抓手，是万能钥匙，通过它们能以不变应万变。通过记句子学语法和词法也是一种语感教学：词汇和句子进行“自诵自悟”，“活记‘软背’”，“熟读”,“精思”的教学方法称“语感”教学。再回顾今年安徽高考卷的单选题，几乎每一题都能在我们记的句子里找到它们的影子。 1.定语从句： （09年）30．Many children， parents are away working in big cities， are taken good care of in the village． A．their B．whose C．of them D．with whom （08年）26. All the neighbors admire this family, _________the parents are treating their child like a friend. A. why B. where C. which D. that 2. 情态动词： （05年）26. Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. A. shall B. must C. may D. can （07年）23. The teacher __ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him, I suppose. A. should B. can C. would D. must （09年）29．Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy； they just be quiet people． A．must B．may C．should D．would 语法句子集锦： 名 词 性 从 句 1. What I remembered most was moving a lot. 2. You must do what your teacher tells you to do. 3. What she did is right. 4. That she did it is right. 5. That if she was sick, I was expected to take her place greatly surprised me, for I didn’t have much work experience. 6. The chief manager has decided to put whoever he thinks is energetic, clever, and has good qualities in the position of the leadership of the company. 7. Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 8. The idea that the computer can recognize the human voice surprises everyone. 9. In front of the whole class, he made his promise that he would win the prize. 10. Mr.Frank asked me a question whether I could go