汇编英语教学方案计划教案5单词句子翻译paraphrase完整编辑规范标准答案.doc

| Unit1 Part1 1. more or less: imprecise but fairly close to correct; almost but not exact. 2. scrupulous: careful; exact; strict. 3. afield: far away from home or one’s usual surroundings. 4. rife: widespread; common; excessively abundant. 5. malapropism: the unintentional misuse of a word by confusion with one that sounds similar. 6. coercion: the act of compelling by force of authority; using force to cause something 7. epitomize: embody the essential characteristics of or be a typical example of 8. disprove: prove to be false 9. expire: terminate; conclude; come to an end 10. indigent: poor enough to need help from others Part2 1. “How can I know what I think till I see what I say?”(1.16) “Only when I have found the right words can I describe what is in my mind/what my ideas exactly are.” 2. The exact use of language gives us mastery over the material we are dealing with.(1.19) The correct use of language allows us to acquire a thorough understanding of what we are currently doing. 3. But words that are very similar in meaning have fine shades of differences, and a student needs to be alive to these differences.(1.54) But slight differences can still be found in words that are very close in meaning, and a student should learn to be quick in detecting such differences. 4. A good carpenter is not distinguished by the number of his tools, but by the craftsmanship with which he uses them.(1.90) The number of tools alone does not make a good carpenter; and it is the skills he has acquired that can. Part3:Translation 1. 在举出许多事实并列出一些统计数字后，他终于把他的论点说清楚了。（drive sth.home） After citing many facts and giving a number of statistical figures, he finally drove home his point. 2. 差不多花了半年功夫，我们才完成了那个研究项目。（more or less） It took us half a year more or less to carry through the research project. 3. 他说的话如此微妙，我们很难理解他的真实意图。（subtle） What he said was so subtle that we could hardly make out his true intention. 4. 他的新书一针见血地审视了当代的社会问题。（squarely） His new book looks squarely at the contemporary social problems. 5. 今日的年轻一代对互联网的最新知识很关注。（be alive to） The younger generation today is very much alive to the latest information found on the Internet. 6. 外语是不是在童年更容易学好？这是一个观点问题（a matter of） It is a matter of opinion whether a foreign language is more easily learned in one’s childhood or otherwise. 7. 在挫折面前千万不要丧失信心；鼓起勇气坚定不移地去克服它。（take courage） Never lose heart in the face of a setback; take courage and deal with it squarely. 8. 适量的米饭、肉类、蔬菜、水果构成均衡的饮食。（constitute） Adequate amounts of rice, meat, vagetables, and fruit constitute a balanced diet. Unit2 Part1 1. economy: reduction in cost; careful management of money,etc.to avoid waste 2. motive: reason(for an action);something that makes a person choose to act in a particular way. 3. manoeuvre: move skilfully; drive a car 4. paradox: a statement that seems impossible because it contains two opposing ideas that are both true, like “more haste, less speed” and “The more you learn, the less you know” 5. entail: have as a logical consequence; involve, or imply as a necessary part or result 6. insularity and self-containment---- insularity: the state of being isolated or detached ;(here)narrow-mindedness self-containment:one who does not seem to need other people or show their feelings; self-absorbedness; selfishness; self-contentedness 7. preponderance: a superiority in number or amount 8. wary: watchful, cautious, or alert 9. alienate: cause to become unfriendly or hostile; estrange Part2 1. Economy is one powerful motive for camping, since after the initial outlay upon equipment, or through hiring it, the total expense can be far less than the cost of hotel(1.1) To spend less money is a major reason why people choose to go camping, because once the(camping) equipment is purchased or rented, the total cost can be much less compared with that spent on staying in a hotel. 2. Granted, a snobbery of camping itself, based upon equipment and techniques, already exist; but it is of a kind that, if he meets it, he can readily understand and deal with(1.15) It is true that people, who are better equipped and more skilled at camping, might feel superior to those who are not.However, snobbery demonstrated in such circumstances is accepted more easily and will not be taken seriously. 3. The opinion does not survive experience of a popular Continental camping place.(1.29) When you go and see a popular Continental camping place for yourself, you will find this argument is not true. 4. Granted, a preponderance of German is a characteristic that seems common to most Mediterranean sites; but as yet there is no overwhelmingly specialized patronage(1.32) It is typical of most Mediterranean camping sites that Germans from the majority of the travelers there, but so far none of these sites have been visited by travelers of one exclusive nationality. Part3 Translation 1. 我觉得曾见过他，但一时想不起他的名字（escape） I thought I had met him before, but his name just escaped me at the moment. 2. 阔别多年，他已经不再是我记忆中的那个纯真少年，而变成一个老于世故的生意人。（sophisticated） After years of separation, he was no longer the innocent lad that I had remembered; rather he had turned into a sophisticated businessman. 3. “占领华尔街”运动的起因之一是美国国内日益扩大的贫富差距（affluent） One of the motives of the “Occupy Wall Street” campaign was the ever-widening gap between the affluent and the impoverished in the U.S. 4. 由于这个灯塔附近有一个海军基地，外国游客不得登塔。（deny） Foreign visitors are denied access to the light-house as there is a naval base nearby. 5. 吸毒几乎毫无例外地和盗窃、卖淫联系在一起。（go hand in hand） Almost without exception, drug addiction goes hand in hand with robbery and prostitution. 6.这个高尔夫俱乐部不对外开放，只为VIP会员服务。（exclusively） This golf club is not open to the public; it serves exclusively VIP club members. 7. 为讨得皇帝欢心，这几个皇妃无所不为。（vie） In vying for the king’s affection and favour, the imperial concubines resorted to every means possible. 8.他小时候被狗咬过，所以对狗一直有点戒心。（wary of） He was bitten by a dog when a child, so he has been wary of dogs ever since. Unit3 Part1 1. knack: a nature/special skill, talent or ability; trick or ruse 2. awry: turned or twisted toward one side; askew; away from the expected or proper direction; wrong 3. staggering: shocking; surprising; amazing; astounding 4. vestige: the smallest possible amount/trace/remains 5. prodigy: an unusually gifted or intelligent(young) person 6. recalcitrant: unruly; difficult to manage, handle, control or operate 7. a house of cards: a weak and fragile structure, plan, or organization; a bubble 8. ineffable: incapable of being expressed in words; indescribable; unspeakable Part2 1. In school, though his teachers saw no special talent in him, the signs were already there.(1.23) In school, his teachers did not find him any more distinguished in intelligence than all his classmates, but his genius was actually beginning to exhibit itself. 2. Thus we got to know merely the man and the friend, but also the professional.(1.43) And so, we came to know him as a friend and, more, as a man of special expertise/knowledge and genius in the science. 3. The intensity and depth of his concentration were fantastic. When battling a recalcitrant problem, he worried it as an animal worries its prey.(1.45) He had a penetrating power to direct all his thoughts toward one particular subject. When he was tackling a difficult problem, his unquenchable thirst for a solution was as strong as the eager desire of a hungry wolf for food. 4. A dreamy, faraway and yet inward look would come over his face. There was no appearance of concentration, no furrowing of the brow-only a placid inner communion.(1.50) There, on his face, revealed from his inner heart an expression that was so intangible and so imperceptible. He did not look like being lost in thought, with his brows knitted, and he was just meditating calmly within himself. Part3: Translation 1.他按了下汽车喇叭以引起路上行人的警觉（alert） He honked his car horn to alert the pedestrians. 2.信息工程的迅速发展是人类努力做出尝试的一个突出事例。（endeavour） The fast development of information technology is an outstanding example of human endeavour. 3.Mary试图找到恰当的语言来表达她对老师的感激。（grope） Mary groped for the appropriate words to express her indebtedness to her teacher. 4.学校校长以平易的话语向年轻人传递了富有挑战性的信息。（convey） The school principal’s plain words conveyed a message of challenge to the young people. 5.不要胡乱摆弄电线，要不然会引起电线短路。（temper with） Don’t temper with the wires, or you may cause a short circuit. 6.他自以为在竞争中可以战胜任何对手，但是过分的自信使他失败了。（fail vt.） He thought he could beat everyone at the competition, but his excessive self-confidence failed him. 7.他说的话似乎简单明了，但是其中暗含的意思我们没能理解。（fathom） What he said seemed simple and clear, but the meaning implied we could hardly fathom. 8.他试图把小组漫无目的的谈话引导到一些有建设性的话题上去。（steer） He tried to steer the group’s random talk towards some constructive subjects. Unit4 Part1 1. adventure: an unusual or exciting experience: an adventure in dining 2. curiosity: an eager desire to know or learn; inquisitiveness 3. rudiments: the first simple facts or rules of anything: to learn the rudiments of cookery 4. fanatic: a person whose enthusiasm or zeal for something is extreme or beyond normal limits 5. underline: emphasize or cause to stand out; underscore 6. balk: stop or turn away abruptly or unexpectedly; avoid deliberately 7. essential truth: absolute truth 8. relish :(n) pleasure; enjoyment; an appetite for something; a strong appreciation or liking: a relish for luxury (v)take pleasure in; like; enjoy . Part2 1. When I came up to Berkeley for the entrance examinations at the University of California I failed in Greek, Latin, and enough other subjects to be put off for a year(1.1) I went to Berkeley to take my entrance examinations at the University of California, in which I was not able to pass Greek and Latin exams. This constituted reason enough for the college to refuse to enroll me, and I had to wait for another year before taking another chance. 2. They are the boys(and they become the men)that the schools,colleges,and the world are made for(1.7) They are the kind of kids (and they are now grown-up students) the schools, colleges and the world would be glad to accept, all prepared to be taught as they are told to. 3.No one tried to interest me in them; they were put before me as things that I had to have to get into college. Nobody attempted to make me interested in the subject and topics under discussion, which were exactly what I needed to learn at college. 4.“Go to, boy. the world is yours. Nothing is done, nothing is known. The greatest poem isn’t written, the best railroad isn’t build yet, the perfect state hasn’t been thought of. Everything remains to be done-right, everything.”(1.75) “Come on, boy. The world belongs to you. It’s just like a blank sheet of paper with everything waiting to be explored and discovered. The most beautiful picture is yet to be painted and the most melodious song to be composed. There is so much remaining to be accomplished. The world needs to be perfected.” Part3 Translation 1. 您能理解他那夸夸其谈的长篇大论的意义吗？(make out) Can you make out the meaning of his long-winded harangue? 2. 他正在为考试结果担忧，因此根本没用心听访问教授的讲课。（not in the least） Being worried about his exam results, he was not in the least attentive to the visiting professor’s lecture. 3. 是儿童还是成人能更容易地在短期内学会一门外语的基础知识？这是一个有争议的问题。（rudiments） Is it easier to for a child or a grown-up to acquire the rudiments of a foreign language in a short period of time? This is a controversial question. 4. 他所说的关于短训班的事对你有吸引力吗？（appeal to） Did what he said about the short-term training course appeal to you? 5. 史蒂夫。乔布斯的传纪鼓舞着他在研究工作中作出更多有创意的努力。（inspire） The biography of Steve Jobs inspired him to greater creative efforts in doing research. 6. 对西部贫困地区没有机会接受正常教育的孩子我们应该不闻不问吗？（indifferent） Should we be indifferent to the children who are denied the opportunity of a normal education in the impoverished regions in the west? 7. 校委会最近作出的决定对我们的课程设置没有什么影响。（bear on） The decision made recently by the school board had little to bear on our curriculum. 8.这条船造得很牢固，经得起任何风暴的袭击（withstand） The ship was so strongly built that it can withstand any storm. Unit5 Part1 1. attributed to: considered or believed to be done or caused by 2. savant: a learned man/scholar; someone who knows a lot about a subject; someone who has mental problems and may have lower intelligence than average, but can do one thing very well, such as adding numbers very quickly. 3. corollary: something that is the direct result of something else; a practical consequence that follows naturally. 4. shoddy: cheap and inferior(in quality);made or done cheaply and badly. 5. forestall: prevent from happening or arising; make impossible; act in advance of; deal with ahead of time 6. do the trick: perform the function; make/be effective 7. seaworthiness: fitness for a sea voyage; fitness to traverse the seas 8.evoke: produce or call forth (emotions,feelings,and responses) 9. fashion: make something from something, using hands or only a few tools 10. alienation from the company and its products: a feeling of not belonging to the company and not being involved in the production of goods Part2 1.Much of human existence consist of efforts aimed at making sure that things don’t go wrong, fall apart, break down, or stop running until a decent interval has elapsed after their manufacture.(1.5) We have, for most of our lifetime, been striving hard to prevent our things from malfunctioning or getting broken down at least till after a relatively longer period of their application. 2.But gadgets and sampling alone will never do the trick since these items are also subject to Murphy’s Law.(1.10) To avoid the effect of Murphy’s Law, one cannot depend on special quality-control instruments and scientific sampling procedures only, because they are also governed by the same law. 3.In unskilled or uncaring hands a handmade basket or boat can fall apart as quickly as baskets or boats made by machines.(1.24) Machine-made and handmade basket or boats alike may soon be broken when put to application by an inattentive and reckless user. 4.The lager the company and the more complex its division of labor, the greater the sum of uncaring relationships and hence the greater the effect of Murphy’s Law.(1.51) In large companies with a more refined work-sharing system, relations between people tend to be less so cared for, and Murphy’s Law, therefore, is likely to be more applicable. Part3 Translation 1.无法回避的严酷现实浇灭了他们对美好未来的浪漫憧憬。（dispel） The harsh reality they could not evade dispelled all their romantic hopes for a rosy future. 2.由于不可预料的天气，我们的运动会将延期到下周举行。（postpone） Our sports meet will be postponed to next week because of the unpredictable weather. 3.凡是来参观展览会的人，不论是谁都必须出示他.她的身份证。（no matter） Every visitor to this exhibit