汇编英语教学方案计划教育教程第3册(李观仪主编)第五单元课后练习进步知识学习规范标准答案.doc

-! 第五单元练习册答案 TEXTⅠ Comprehension A. Give an exact reference as evidence that each of the following statements is wrong. (P63) 1. The 2nd paragraph is totally devoted to explaining why the author has not got a home phone. He also explains why he doesn’t like to use a public telephone box. 2. When the writer writes that he does not like the telephone, he means only home and office phones. He doesn’t like public telephones, either. He thinks that using a public phone box is a horrible thing to do. 3. In the 3rd paragraph the writer seems to indicate that usually people don’t answer the telephone when they are busy with something else. He says no matter how busy anyone is or what he is doing, he will try to answer the telephone because he thinks there may be some important news or message for him. 4. In the 5th paragraph the writer claims that it is convenient to have one’s number listed in the telephone directory. He thinks it unwise for anyone to have his name and telephone number printed in the telephone directory. 5. In the 5th paragraph the writer implies that Shakespeare, the Bible and the telephone directory can be found anywhere. He indicates that a telephone directory can be found in more places than Shakespeare or the Bible. 6. In the 6th paragraph the writer suggests that one needs a telephone in case of emergency. He says that even in case of emergency it is not necessary to have a telephone, because in England one is seldom far from a telephone. B. Explain the following in your own words. (P64) 1. ... or pose as unusual. ... or pretend to be uncommon / out of the ordinary. 2. ... flavored with cheap face-powder and chain-smoking ... ... filled with the odour of women’s low quality face-powder and the smell left behind by the ceaseless smoking of cigarettes ... 3. Are you strong-minded enough to …? Do you have enough strong will power to ...? 4. …, only to be told that …? ..., then you are just told that ...? 5. “The truth will out.” No matter how hard you try to hide it, people will learn the facts sooner or later. 6. a book more in evidence than Shakespeare or the Bible … a book which can be seen in more places than Shakespeare or the Bible ... 7. … to escape from some idle or inquisitive chatterbox, or somebody who wants something for nothing … ... to keep away from some lazy or curious gossip, or from somebody who wants something but not to offer anything in return. 8. … or from some reporter bent on questioning you … ... or from some reporter who is determined to question you ... 9. … your back is chilled by the cold looks of somebody … ... somebody’s cold stare behind your back is sufficient to give you a shudder ... 10. … there are two things for which the English seem to show particular aptitude … The English seem to be especially talented in two areas ... TEXTⅡ True (T) or False (F) (P65) 1. The Washington Post takes the side of the appliance manufacturers. F The Washington Post just describes for the readers the “smart” appliances the manufacturers plan for the consumers. 2. The author thinks what the manufacturers have planned is nonsensical and ridiculous. T 3. The smart refrigerator, in the author’s mind, should be able to warn its user of not overeating. T 4. We don’t want our weight transmitted to the gym because we don’t believe the bathroom scale. F Because no one would like to see their own weight or have it known by others. 5. The author has a feature-packed telephone with 43 buttons which may communicate with the dead. F The author jokingly complains about having so many buttons on his phone and his ignorance of their use. 6. The Owner’s Manual instructions are written by professionals and are thus very helpful. F The Owner’s manual Instructions seem to be written by and for nuclear physicists because the instructions are full of technical terms and very hard to understand. COMPREHENSIVE EXERCISES (P70) Ⅰ. Spelling (P70) 1. breathe 2. irritate 3. indiscreet 4. inquisitive 5. fatal 6. obstinacy 7. essential 8. chain-smoking 9. aptitude 10. justify 11. evidence 12. unventilated Ⅱ. Dictation (P70) Man has a big brain. He can think, learn and speak. Scientists used to think that humans were different from animals because they can think and learn. They know now that animals can learn — dogs, rats, birds and even worms can learn. Scientists are now beginning to understand that humans are different from animals because they can speak. Animals cannot speak. They make noises when they are afraid, or angry, or unhappy. Apes are our nearest cousins. They can understand some things more quickly than human beings, and one or two have learned a few words, but they are still different from us. They cannot join words or make sentences. They cannot think like us because they have no language, as we mean it. They can never think about the past or the future. Language is a wonderful thing. Man has been able to develop civilization largely because he has language. Every child can speak his own language very well when he is four or five — but no animal learns to speak. How do children learn? Scientists do not really know. What happens when we speak? Scientists do not know. They only know that man can speak because he has a big brain. Ⅲ. Listening Comprehension A. True (T) or False (F)? (P71) For false statements, write the facts. 1.1) At first Dr. Johnson’s secretary didn’t know who was calling. T 2) Dr. Johnson talked to Mr. Burton in his office. F Dr. Johnson had gone home but he wanted to talk to Mr. Burton over the phone. 3) Mr. Burton didn’t repeat Dr. Johnson’s home phone number on the phone. F He did. 2.1) The woman was polite while answering the call. F She was impolite. 2) The man apologized for having dialled the wrong number. T 3.1) Mrs. Smith’s secretary offered to take a message for John Lee. T 2) John Lee forgot to give the secretary his phone number. F He gave the secretary his phone number. 3) The secretary asked John Lee to repeat his phone number. F She repeated John Lee’s phone number wrongly, so John Lee said his phone number again. Script: (听力内容) Telephone Calls 1. A: Hello. B: Hello. Is that Dr. Johnson’s office? A: Yes, it is. May I help you? B: Yes, I’d like to speak to Dr. Johnson, please. A: Dr. Johnson had to go home this afternoon. May I ask who’s calling? B: This is David Burton. A: Oh, yes, Mr. Burton. Dr. Johnson said he was anxious to talk to you and asked me to give you his home phone number. B: Just a moment, please. I need to get a pen. Yes, what’s his number? A: His number is 981-7723. B: That’s 981-7723. A: That’s right. B: Thank you very much. A: Not at all. Good-bye. B: Good-bye. 2. Woman: Hello. Man: Hello, is that Mr. Jackson’s office? Woman: Who? Man: George Jackson. Woman: Nobody here by that name. Man: Sorry, I must have dialled the wrong number. 3. Woman: Good morning, A & T Computer Co. Lee: Good morning. May I speak to Mrs. Smith? Woman: Which Mrs. Smith is that? We have several. Lee: Mary Smith. Woman: I’m sorry she isn’t in at the moment. May I take a message for you? Lee: Yes, I wanted to talk to her about buying some computer time. My name is John Lee. I’m with the Physics Department at New York City University. My number is 1-224-4509. Woman: 224-4590? Lee: No. 4509. Woman: OK. I’ll tell her as soon as she comes in. Lee: Thank you. Good-bye. Woman: Good-bye. Ⅳ. Translation A. Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English. （P72） 1. 史密斯太太认为妇女理应下厨房做饭，所以从不允许家里任何人来取而代之。 Mrs. Smith took it for granted that a woman was supposed to do cooking in the kitchen and would never allow anyone in the family to take her place. （这里的“认为理应”可以用“take sth. for granted”来表示；“取而代之”可以用“take one’s place”表示。） 2. 他不受人们的欢迎，主要是因为他往往在别人最需要他助一臂之力时逃之夭夭。 The major reason for his unpopularity was that he would flee away when his help was most needed. （这里的“主要原因”可以用“the major reason”表示；“要他助一臂之力”可以简化为“his help”。） 3. 万一出现紧急情况，将用直升飞机把抢救队送至事故现场。 The helicopters will be used to send the rescue party to the scene of disaster in case of an emergency. （这里的“万一出现紧急情况”可以用“in case of an emergency”来表示；“事故现场”可以用“the scene of disaster”表示。） 4. 至于日趋严重的空气污染问题，我们必须清醒地认识到这是全人类共同面临的一种威胁。 As for the increasing air pollution, we must be clearly aware that it threatens all human beings. （“至于”可以用“as for”来表示；“清醒地认识”可以用“be clearly aware”表示。） 5. 这本地方杂志创刊不到一年，发行量已达到50万册之多。 This local magazine which made its first appearance less than a year ago, has already reached a circulation of 500,000. （这里的“创刊”可以用“make its first appearance”表示。） 6. 当她发现没人来车站接她时，感到一阵心寒。 Her heart chilled when she found that nobody had come to the station to meet her. （“感到一阵心寒”可以用“her heart chilled”表示；在车站“接人”可以用“meet sb.”表示。） 7. 这些测试的结果表明，你很有音乐天赋。 The results of these tests clearly show that you have an aptitude for music. （这里的“表明”可以用“clearly show”表示；“音乐天赋”用“an aptitude for music”表示。） 8. 他们夜以继日地在实验室工作了整整一个月，不料却发现他们在做根本无法做成的事。 They worked day and night in the laboratory for a whole month only to find that they were attempting the impossible. （“夜以继日地工作”可以用“work day and night”表示；“不料”用“only to find”表示。） 9. 一项重要实验做到一半时电话铃响了。他对持续不停的铃声置之不理，心想要是有重要的事他迟早总会知道的。 The telephone rang in the middle of his important experiment. He ignored the persistent ringing, thinking that any important message would reach him sooner or later. （“对……置之不理”可以用“ignore”表示；“心想”这句话用“thinking”引导，表示伴随动作。） 10. 要是你数学考试再不及格，真是活该。这学期的数学课你缺课次数太多了。 It serves you right if you fail your maths test again. You’ve cut too many maths classes this semester. （“活该”用“it serves you right”来表达；“缺课次数太多”用“cut too many maths classes”表示。） B. Translate the following into English. (P73) 如今，手机不再是有钱人才能买得起的奢侈品，它已成为我们生活中的必需品，是必备的几样东西之一。无论是工作还是娱乐方面，手机都改变了我们交流的方式。我们现在也很少受时间和地理位置的限制，一名经理遇上堵车也可以用手机拨打电话会议。 Nowadays mobile phones are no longer treated as luxuries that only the rich can afford. Rather, they have turned out to be a necessity in our lives, placed in the list of must-have items. Mobile phones have changed the way we communicate, whether for work or play. We are now less constrained by time and geographical location. With his mobile device, a manager can dial into conference calls while stuck in a traffic jam. 但是，这个“设备”让我们的个人生活和工作时间混淆不清，产生了很多问题。在全球许多城市和地方，随处可见低着头紧盯手机屏幕忙着按键的人。人们乘火车、坐出租车或排队时，只要有空就忙着摆弄手机。有的人出去约会也用手机通知对方到达的时间。 But the blurring of personal and work lives brought about by the device are posing many problems. The common sight of heads bent, eyes staring intently at mobile screens and fingers busy tapping away repeats itself across many cities and places around the world. Whenever there is a moment to spare while on the train, taxi or waiting in a queue, people busy themselves with their mobile devices. Some people check in with their phones while out on a date. 这种痴迷于移动设备的心态正在妨碍我们享受生活中的小事。事实上，技术应该是促进我们生活方式的工具，而不是我们人类生来享受的那些美好事物的替代品。手机当然对我们的生活产生了重要影响，但这种影响应该向好的方向发展。 Such obsession with mobile devices is disrupting how we appreciate the little things in life. The truth is that technology should be seen as a tool to enhance our way of living and not a substitute for the good things that we as humans naturally enjoy. Mobile phones have certainly made a significant impact on our lives, but it should be for the better. ⅤBlank Filling (P74) A. (P74) 1. after 2. for 3. in 4. off 5. on 6. out 7. over 8. in 9. down 10. up 11. back 12. on 13. up 14. to 15. on B. (P74) 1. endlessly 2. came to an end/ended 3. from beginning to end 4. end 5. in the end 6. on end 7. put an end to 8. at the end of 9. to make both ends meet 10. ended in C. (P75) 1. got 2. with 3. lacked 4. in 5. wealthy 6. both 7. with 8. laboured 9. room 10. lived 11. other 12. wire 13. either 14. instrument 15. autumn 16. for 17. their 18. for 19.in/into 20. on/over 21. help 22. here 23. heard 24. walls 25. ever D. (P75) 1. those 2. composers 3. of 4. that 5. era 6. Americans 7. and 8. plants 9. with 10. emerging 11. with 12. lively 13. right 14. associated 15. is 16. The 17. from 18. through 19. born 20. with 21. hard 22. sense 23. qualities 24. rise 25. became 26.traveled 27. seemed 28. play 29. always 30.begining E. (P76) 1. At the end 2. kept thinking 3. conclusion 4. draw 5. showed particular aptitude 6. rushed 7. in the middle of 8.(was) engaged in 9. indiscreet enough 10. something for nothing 11. justified himself 12. ignored 13. strong-minded 14. itch 15. dreadful necessity Ⅵ. Sentence Rewriting A. Rewrite the following sentences, using an infinitive in the passive form. (P76) 1. Here is a message you must forward to Mr. Smith immediately. Here is a message to be forwarded to Mr. Smith immediately. 2. I have a good many things that I must do before Friday. I have a good many things to be done before Friday. 3. I have a problem that I have to settle with Liu on the phone. I have a problem to be settled with Liu on the phone. 4. This is a matter you should not ignore. This is a matter not to be ignored / not a matter to be ignored. 5. One of the things a hitch-hiker must remember is to attract attention. One of the things to be remembered by a hitch-hiker is to attract attention. B. Rewrite the following sentences, using have (something) + -ed participle. (P77) 1. The Browns had hired people to paint the whole house, mow the lawn and trim the hedge before they moved in. The Browns had had the whole house painted, the lawn mown and the hedges trimmed before they moved in. 2. His handwriting is illegible, so he asked somebody to type the letter for him. His handwriting is illegible so he had the letter typed. 3. The window-pane has been broken. I’ll ask a glazier to replace it. The window-pane has been broken. I’ll have it replaced by a glazier. 4. My trousers are oily. They’ll have to be sent to the dry-cleaner’s. My trousers are oily. I’ll have them sent to the dry-cleaner’s 5. I’ve had this book for over a month now. It’ll have to be renewed. I’ve had this book for over a month now. I’ll have it renewed.