海洋英语课后题规范标准答案Unit1unit7.doc

!- Unit 1 Structure Analysis Part 1: Pointing out people’s addicts to the ocean. (Paras 1-9) Two attitudes (Para 1): strong aversion to the ocean and great love for the ocean The author’s realization of the world-wide ocean-craze in various aspects (Paras 2-4): 1. from reading reports of detainees who yearn for a swim in the ocean. 2. by travelling to coastal areas where real estate prospers. 3. by spending time with fishermen who live irresistible life catching seafood. Examples to show people’s love for the ocean (Paras 5-9): 1. poet Robinson Jeffers found language from the ocean 2. Canadian actor Michael J. Fox quit his career after his sea-turtle encounter 3. a little girl’s love for the ocean 4. people worldwide show great passion for seafood 5. strange travelers dream to be marine biologists Part 2: The author’s struggle to bridge a connection between neuroscience and the ocean (Paras 10-12) The dilemma for the author (Paras 10-11): The ocean hooks people’s emotion, dreams and treasure strongly; however, his profession tries to keep him away from the emotional ties to the ocean. His final decision (Para 12): bridge a connection between human mind and the ocean Part 3: Putting forward new questions and calling for action for further exploration (Paras 13-20) Multiple fields start to understand (Para 13): there is strong connection between emotions and decisions and this knowledge can be applied to the ocean research. Questions to be considered (Paras 15-17): 1. whether ocean is a good medicine in the treatment of stress 2. whether brain science can be applied to ocean conservation Calling for action for further exploration (Paras 18-20): 1. use neuroscience to explore and understand ocean-mind connection 2. convene excellent people in various fields for the exploration 3. inspire more students for researches in neuroscience and call on people for the conservation 4. try to find answers to new emerging questions Vocabulary Exercise 1 1.bewildered2.obsessing3.initiative4.burgeon5.convened6.aversion7.underlie8.grip 9.induce10.queries The driver was____ by the conflicting road signs. Mary stopped drinking but began ______ about her weight. We must take the ______ in the struggle to end the war. My confidence began to ______ as I was gaining in years. The chairman ______the committee to find out a solution. Many people have a natural and emotional ______ to insects. Does some personal difficulty _____ his lack of interest in work? The president maintains an iron _____ on his country although there is a turmoil. Lack of proper care and love in early childhood can _____ criminal behavior in young people. If you have any_____ about this insurance, please contact Travel Insurance Services Limited. Exercise 2 1. offered up shell out put my finger on impart to up close A calf was_________as a sacrifice to the goddess. The insurance premium will save you from having to _________ for repairs. I know theres something wrong, but I cant ______________ exactly what it is. An excellent instructor should _________ students what society believes to be of value. It is natural for the shopkeeper to feel annoyed when the supermarket is set______ to his shop. Translation Exercise 1 What makes us so drawn to the ocean? Why are we willing to spend a lot of money, drive for hours, and plan our days carefully just to find time to get close to the ocean? The health benefits are great and breathing in the ocean air is bliss. But there must be something more to our passion for water activity which prompt us to invest more time and energy. A recent article I read helped to explain these feelings that are often hard to put into words. Simply put, our brains really enjoy the water. Wallace J. Nichols is a marine biologist who wants to learn what happens to us when we are on, in, or near the ocean. Specifically he wants to understand what on earth triggers our emotional reactions to the ocean. In brief, Nichols’ goal is not to impart to us the knowledge about ocean, but to find out exactly why we love the ocean so that we can use that as a tool to protect it through public policy. Unit 2 Structure Analysis Part 1: A general introduction of LA’s house price and its tangible threats. (Paras 1-3) The prelude: the author bought a house in LA in 2008. House price situation: home prices in Los Angeles are more than double those in other major cities. Reason analysis: the quality of life rather than the inherent productivity of working here that drives up the home prices. The tangible threats: hotter summers, smoggier air, more fires, and less water Part 2: Will Los Angeles lose its cool? (Paras 4-8) LA’s current climate advantages: cool summers and warm winters (Para 4) Its future climate change and the influence (Paras 5-8) Researchers’ prediction: LA will become 13 degrees F warmer on average in July by 2070 Comparison: cities in Florida will experience improvement in climate bundle. Conclusion: LA will lose much of its climate uniqueness and its climate amenity premium will vanish. Part 3: How should LA adapt to climate change? (Paras 9-10) Fact: the poor and immigrants are easily exposed to heat waves and extreme temperatures. Example: the Chicago heat wave in 1995 Reason: those people don’t have air conditioners and fear opening windows due to crime. Measure: public service announcements for information esp. from some community-based NGOS. A case in point: the Esperanza’s Community Health Programs Vocabulary Exercise 1 impending.tangible.degraded.boost.inhabitable.appall.scenario.plausible.implicit.soothe He was inadequately prepared for the ___________ final examination. Service industries do not produce ___________ objects, such as automobiles or refrigerators. He felt she often ___________ him by assigning him some trivial tasks or criticizing him in front of others. During a recession, when businesses pull back and people stop spending, what government can do is provide a temporary ___________ that puts money in peoples pockets, and keeps workers on the job. The government should raise the public awareness of environmental protection, thereby promoting sustainable development and creating a more ___________ environment. A lot of students do things that would absolutely ___________ their parents, including drinking and smoking. Because of its proximity to Somalia, Kenya is vulnerable to the worst-case ___________, where a terrorist unleashes a bomb causing the death of thousands. Scientists with resources to evaluate and test the hypothesis try to find the most ___________ explanation of the formation of the universe. If anyone should have understood the ___________ risk and inevitable outcome, it should have been him. Hed got very annoyed about it, and it took all her tact to ___________ him down. Exercise 2 1. took a hit 2. set …up 3. alerted… to 4. crossing my fingers 5. strip away During the US subprime mortgage crisis in 2008, the closer a country’s economy was to the US, the harder it _______________. He has ___________ himself __________ as an authority on the English language. An anonymous letter __________ police __________ the possibility of a terrorist attack at the airport. I think the negotiation will turn out to be successful, but I keep ___________________. Climate change is predicted to _______________ much of California’s climate uniqueness and the housing price boost that comes with that climate. Translation Exercise 1 Los Angeles, located in California, is a great place to live. Pleasing climate and high-quality life make the home prices here more than double those in other major cities. However, climate change poses tangible threats and amenity havoc. Climate researchers predict that the temperature of LA will be 13 degrees F warmer on average in the future. Climate change will strip away much of the city’s climate uniqueness. Therefore, home price declines and climate amenity premium vanishes (bad news for the real estate owners). How can LA adapt to the climate change? On the one hand, LA should learn to adapt to the change by improving public service to reduce the harm to its residents. Community-based NGOs have stepped up to fill this void. On the other hand, it’s pressing to protect the environment to maintain the city’s climate amenity. Of course, the future of Los Angeles is closely interconnected with the global climate change. Unit 3 Structure Analysis Directions: Fill in the blanks with the information from the text. Part I Introduction: whales seem to stir up strong feelings (para 1) Anti-whalers: believe that whales have been in urgent need of protection since the middle of last century Pro-whalers: present themselves as protectors of traditional culture, diets and the rights of indigenous people Part II The nasty situation of whaling (para 2-4) In theory: a global moratorium, proclaimed by the International Whaling Commission (IWC), has been in force since 1986. In practice: whales are still killed in large numbers. Roughly half are killed by whalers from Japan, mostly off Antarctica. Diplomatic standoffs: The IWC has become a battleground between the two pro-and anti-whaling camps and the bodys 88 members joined in the past decade—helping to make it deadlocked and dysfunctional. Physical stand-offs: In January there was a collision between a Japanese ship and a trimaran from the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society. In February Australia threatened to take Japan to the International Court of Justice unless it stopped whaling off Antarctica. Part III The measure which can be taken to fight against the nastiness - A “peace plan” was proposed and pro-whalers’ objections to the “peace plan” (para 5-9) The content of the “peace plan”: the moratorium would be lifted for a decade, but whalers would agree to a sharp reduction in their catch, stricter enforcement measures and a ban on all cross-border commerce in whale products. The aim of the “peace plan”: to buy time for countries to come up with a longer-term agreement, while reducing the number of whales that are killed. Pro-whalers’ objections to the “peace plan” (para 7-9) New Zealand’s foreign minister calls the proposed quota for Antarctic waters unrealistic and unacceptable. Japan’s fisheries minister deems the limit “too drastic” and wants it raised. Japanese officials counter that the 1946 convention never anticipated a moratorium on all commercial whaling.(para 9) Part IV The provisions under the IWC proposal and the attitudes of the pro-whalers and anti-whalers towards the IWC proposal. (para 10-11) Provisions: 1. Japan would halve the number of whales it kills off Antarctica, and face further cuts over the five years thereafter. 2.A South Atlantic sanctuary, barred to all whaling, would be rigorously enforced. 3. Countries that do not already hunt would not be allowed to start. 4. IWC monitors would be placed aboard every vessel to document the kill and take DNA samples. 5. Japan would be allowed to hunt 120 minke whales in its coastal waters as a sop to local sentiment in four ports. Attitudes: Green activists and anti-whaling countries are calling the deal a victory for whaling nations. Pro-whalers certainly do not see things that way. Masayuki Komatsu believes the proposal may mark the beginning of the end for Japanese whaling. Vocabulary Exercise One 1. advocating 2.Compromise3. tackle 4.recruiting 5.Zealous6.concessions 7.objections 8. Deemed9.enforce 10.curb 1.Extremists were openly _________ violence. 2. ________ is an inevitable part of marriage. 3. There is more than one way to ______ the problem. 4. Were having difficulty _______ enough qualified staff. 5. No one was more ______ than Neil in supporting the proposal. 6. The import/export ______ had been granted to the island. 7. Local residents raised strong ________ to the building application. 8. They ______ that he was no longer capable of managing the business. 9. It is unlikely that a record company would _______ its views on an established artist. 10. The government informed that tougher measures would be taken to _____the spread of the virus. Exercise 2 Directions: Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Make changes where necessary. 11.The protesters ____ no _____ to resist arrest. 12.Time lost through illness ________ 357 working days. 13.Leading oil producers tried to _______ a deal. 14.Daves just trying to ____ things ____ because hes jealous. ________ youve got a headache, given the amount you drank last night. Exercise Two 1. made attempt 2. stir up 3. amounted to 4. No wonder 5. hammer out Translation Exercise 1 As with foxhunting in Britain, all sides seem never to reach an agreement on whaling. Since 1986 the International Whaling Commission (IWC) has imposed a moratorium on commercial whaling. Yet every Antarctic summer, Japan sends a whaling fleet south to catch hundreds of whales for “research”. But whales are still killed in large numbers; in recent years the annual slaughter has reached almost 2,000. To avoid the extinction of whales, IWC proposed a “peace plan”. According to the proposal, the moratorium would be lifted for a decade, but whalers have to agree to a sharp reduction in their catch. The conservationists would definitely complain or criticize the resumption of commercial whaling. Even so, any compromising deal would be far better than continued stand-off. Unit 4 Structure Analysis Part 1: A shift toward “Blue job” fisheries is urgently needed. (Paras. 1-3) Fish numbers are no match for need of human beings for two reasons: 1. growing human appetite: About three billion people count on fish and other marine species as their primary source of protein.(Para. 2) 2. the ultra-efficient fisheries: the mid 20thcentury industrial fishing operations have used ever-improving technology to fish farther, faster, and longer.(para.3) Part 2: Sustainability is the key concept for successful management of both fish stocks and fisheries jobs themselves. ( Paras. 4-8) How blue job fishery will do to keep sustainability: 1. use science-based stock management programs and only harvest sustainable levels of fish.. (Paras. 5-6) 2. Blue fishermen also use environmentally friendly methods and gear. (Paras.7-8) Part 3: Fishing problems and aquaculture. (Paras. 9-16) Why we have fishing problem: Politics come into it, economics come into it. And most of the time we overdo it .Global factors are also growing the problem.(Paras.10-12) Aquaculture, also known as fish farming, can help to fill t