人教版八级上册-知识点讲解与练习.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备Unit2How often do you exercise.Section A 学问讲解一. help with housework帮忙做家务1. help with sth. 意为 “帮忙做某事 ” 2. help sb. with sth. = help sb. sth. 帮忙某人做某事Eg: I often help him his English. = I often help him English.我常常帮他学习英语。【拓展】1. help oneself to请任凭

2、吃 /喝Please help yourself to some cakes.2. can t help doing sth情不自禁做某事I can t help falling in love with that girl.我情不自禁爱上那个女孩。二 housework 意为 “家务劳动 ”。不行数名词。1. They havehousework to do.A. manyB. much三. sometimes有时辨析： sometimes ， some times ， sometime ， some timesometimes 有时候。 =at times= from time to ti

3、me 也是 “有时 ”的意思。some times 几次。 time 作可数名词时可作“次数 ”解。表示 “时间 ”时是不行数名词。sometime 某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。some time 一段时间。常与for 连用。对它提问用how long 。口诀记忆：分开 “一段时间 ”。 相聚 “某个时候 ”。练习： We plan to stay in Hainan for.我们准备在海南呆一段时间。 I am sure that we have metbefore. 我确定我们之前见过几次了。 Ihave letters from him.有时我会收到他的来信。四. hardly

4、ever 几乎不比较： hard、hardly 和 hardly ever hard 作形容词时，意为“困难的。硬的。勤奋的。严格的。苛刻的”。hard 作副词常常用来表示程度，意为“努力的。猛烈的。猛烈的”， 位于动词之后。This ground is too hard to dig.这块的太硬，挖不动。They tried hard to succeed.他们努力工作，以求得胜利。 Hardly 副词，意为 “几乎不 ”，表示否定意义，位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、或情态动词之后，不表示频率。常用来修饰表示才能的词，如can, could 等。He can hardly play fo

5、otball. 他几乎不会打篮球。There is hardly any coffee left. 几乎没有剩余的咖啡了 hardly ever 是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不。几乎没有”，相当于almost not, seldom。练习：There is food left. 几乎没有食物剩下。He . 他几乎不工作。He . 他工作努力。五 What s your favorite. =What. do you like best？你最宠爱的 . 是什么？1. What s your favorite anim？al 你最宠爱的动物是什么？= 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结

6、学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备六. free 意为 “闲暇的，有空的”反义词 busy。 be free 意为 “闲着，有空 ”eg:：He is free now.他现在有空。拓展： free 仍可译为 “免费的 ”Eg： The tickets are free. 票是免费的。七quite full 很忙，相当忙 .1. adj. full 仍可译为 “满的

7、，布满的 ”。 反义词是 empty，意为 “空的 ”。Eg： The bus was full when they got there. 翻译 . 拓展： A be full of B. = A be fill with B;A中布满了 B。The room is full of students. The bus is full of people.The hall is people.A. fill withB. full withC. filled ofD. filled with2. fulladj.饱的“”。 其反义词是hungry ，意为 “饥饿的 ”。Are you hungr

8、y or full ？你饿了仍是饱了？Eg： I can t eat any m，oreI am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。八 maybe “或许，大致，可能”，常位于句首。Eg：Maybe he knows Tom.或许他熟悉Tom。辨析 ： maybe 和 may bemaybe“或许，大致，可能”。（一般放句首）Maybe you are right. 或许你是对的。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结may be可“能是，或许是”。 为“情态动词 +be 动词 ”结You may be right. 你或许是对的。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品

9、名师归纳总结构。（位于句中）Lilyan English teacher.Lily可能是一名英语老师。= 九.at least 意为 “至少 ”。其反义词为at most “最多 ”。Eg： There are at least 1,500 students in our school. 。十. how often 意为 “多久一次 ”，常用于对时间频率的提问。回答可用once/twice/three times a day一天一 /两/三次 ，sometimes有时 ， never从不 ， very often常常 等。How often do you watch TV.你多久看一次电视？【

10、拓展】词语词义用法答语特点how long多久询问时间多久for/about+ 一段时间how often多久一次询问动作的频率often, twice a week 等how soon多快，过多久询问时间多快in+ 一段时间how far多远询问距离多远ten minutes walkhow many多少询问可数名词数量数词 +可数名词复数多少询问不行数名词数量数词 +表示量的词 + 不行数名词how much多少钱询问价格数词 +钱十一 . look、see、watch 和 read 辨析：look 为不及物动词，后接宾语时须用介词at，着重 。see着重 ，即 “看到，观察 ”。read

11、 多指 “看书、报 ”，这里的 “看”实为 “读”。watch 着重 也常用于 “看电视，看竞赛”等短语中 ,仍表示 “凝视，观看，监视”之意。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备sectionb一want sb. to do sth. 的否定形式为want sb. to do sth.Eg：She wants me t

12、o bring him some pens. 否定： She wants me him some pens.拓展： 1.want sth. 想要某物2.want to do sth. 想要做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. want sb.to do sth.=would like/love sb.to do sth.二be good for 意为 “对有益”。反义词为be bad for对“有害 ”。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Eg: Vegetables are good for you. 蔬菜对你有好处。【拓展】可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载

13、精品名师归纳总结1. be good to 对 “好”，其反义短语为be bad to 对“不好 ”。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2. be good at 在“ 方面善于 ”， at 后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式，同义短语为do well in。She is good at English and Chinese. = She does well in English and Chinese.她善于英语和汉语。I am good at （play） basketball.3. be good with “和相处得好。擅于和相处 ”。Are you good wi

14、th children.你和孩子们相处得好吗？三. Here are the results. 这是（调查）结果。here 位于句首，句子要倒装。Here is + 单数名词。Here are + 复数名词 .Eg： 这是你的夹克 。四. 1. 百分数由 percent 来表示，构成：基数词+percent ，常用 “数词 percent of名词 ”这一结构作主语时，谓语的单复数要看percent of 后跟的名词，假如是可数名词复数，谓语应当用复数，假如是不行数名词，谓语应当用单数Thirty percent of the students like watching game shows

15、. 70 percent of water be salty water 盐水 。五 surprised诧异的，感到意外的1. be surprised at sb. / sth. / doing sth.对感到诧异，We are surprised at the news.2. be surprised to do sth.对做某事感到诧异。I m very surprised to meet you here.3. be surprised that + 从句 . 因而感到诧异。 I m surprised that he came here on time.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下

16、载精品名师归纳总结【拓展】surprising 令人诧异的to one s surpsrei in surprise 诧异的 。 惊讶的六 the answers to questions 问题的答案the way to sp去某的的路七 . most students = most of the students 大多数同学令某人诧异的是可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. most +复数名词 .Most birds can fly. 大多数鸟儿会飞 . 2. most of + 限定词 + 复数名词most of the g

17、irls , most of my friends3. most of + 人称代词宾格most of them / us the students like reading the story.A. MostB. Most of大部分时间可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4. the +most +多音节形容词，表示最高级，意为“最”。This is the most beautiful flower.这是最美丽的花。假如 most 前有不定冠词a，就表示 “特别。很 ”，相当于very。She is a most beautiful girl.她是个特别美丽的姑娘。八. al

18、though “虽然，尽管 ”。but 意为 “但是 ”。英语中， although 与 but 不能同时使用。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备1. it rained ， the boys still played outside. = It rained ， the boys still played outsi

19、de.2. Although I get up early, I can t catch the early bus.= I get up early, but I can t catch the early bus. My cousin knows a lot about geography ，he is only four years old.A. becauseB. soC. although九. Its+a（dj+for sb.） +to do sth. 意为 “（对某人来说）做某事是的”。Eg ：It s very important to listen carefully in c

20、lass.上课仔细听讲很重要。It s easy for us to swim对. 我们来说游泳很简单。It s very hard fhoirm to study English. 练习1.It is very important for us English well.2.it s very nice you my parents your best wishes. 3. I often have hamburgers for lunch. You d better not. Itd for ysouba too much junk food.十. by+交通工具乘.by+ 时间到. 时（

21、为止）by+的点在. 旁边【 拓 展 】 through 和 by 的 区 别 、through 后常加名词表示手段媒介，through exercise 通过锤炼 by 后常加工具或v-ing, by working hardby doing sth.通过做某事 十一 . such as例如。像这样。后面跟名称、代词、动词的ing 形式Eg: I have a lot of hobbies, such as and . 我有很多爱好，比如读书和唱歌。拓展 ： such adj.& pron. 这样的。那样的。类似的。 作形容词时，其后修饰名词。Tom lives in such a larg

22、e house. 汤姆住在一所这么大的房子里。such和 so二者都有 “如此。这样 ”的意思，但详细用法相异。such 用来修饰名词， so 用来修饰形容词或副词。 sucha/anadj . n.单数 such adj. n.复数 /不行数名词 so adj ./adv. soadj . a/ann.单数 sucha/anadj . n.单数 so many/few/much/little n.复数 /不行数名词 He is such a clever boy. He is so clever a boy.Its such fine weather today.They didnt hav

23、e so much time to do their homework. 他们没有如此多的时间去做作业。十二 .spend 意为 “度过 ”或 “花费（时间、金钱）”。Eg: Come and spend the weekend with us. 来和我们一起度过周末吧。spend timemoney on sth.在.上花费时间或金钱.=spend timemoney （ in） doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事He didn t spend much time on his homework.= He didn t spend much time his homework.I s

24、pend 200 yuan on a new coat. =I spend 200 yuan a new coat.Don t spend too much time watching TV . = Don t spend too much time . TVHe always spend his time playing football. = He always spend his time football.拓展比较：1. cost的主语是物sth. costs sb. 金钱 /时间某物花了某人多少钱/ 时间。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结doing sth. cost

25、s sb.时间做某事花了某人多少时间。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2. take 后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：It takes sb.时间 /金钱 to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例： It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。3. pay 的基本用法是：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料wo

26、rd 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备(1) pay sb. money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买。例： I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20 英磅的房租。(2) pay for sth. 付的钱。例： I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3) pay sb. 付钱给某人。例: They pay us every month. 他们每月给我们酬劳。十三 . through prep. 以。凭

27、借。穿过He became rich through hard work and ability.他凭借辛苦的工作和才能变得富有。The sunlight was coming in through the window. through， across， overthrough 意为 “穿过 ”，指从物体的里面穿过。across意为 “穿过 ”，指从物体的表面通过。over 意为 “越过。跨过 ”，指越过一个有高度的物体。They walked through the park after supper. I swam acrossthe river and felt very tired.

28、Can you jump over the table.十四 . however “然而，不过 ”。可以位于句首、句中、句末。但要用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。Eg: She was ill. However, she still went to work.她病了，然而她依旧去上班。辨析： but 和 howeverbut 直接连接前后两个句子，转折的意味比however 强，特殊表示特别明显的对比，。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结However然“而，但是 ”。 不能直接连接句子，必需用逗号与句子隔开。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Eg:1.It began

29、 to rain, ,we went out to look for the boy.2. It a sunny morning ， very cold. 这是个晴朗的早晨，但是却很冷。十五 .more than 相当于 over。意为 “超过，余外 ”。There are more than 2000 books.十六 . less than six. 少于 6 小时。less than意为 “不到，少于 ”。其反义词为more than over “余外，超过 ”Eg ：She sleeps less than seven hours every night. 他每晚的睡眠时间不到7 小时

30、。 We know Tom for20 years. 我们熟悉 Tom 超过 20 年了。拓展： less 是 little 的比较级， She has less milk than me.I 用所给词的适当形式填空1. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or .What are the .（ different2. Eating fruit can help you get more vitamins.3. My dad wants me be a lawyer .4. The boy is doing exercise on the paper.5. T

31、he girl is taking exercise to keep healthy.6. The little boy is exercise.7. Shesay its good for you.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备8. Eating vegetables every day is ahealth l

32、ifestyle.9. The old man doesnt havemany money.10. 1 dont know if Bill is health.二、单项挑选选出句中相应空白处的正确答。 1. Would you like some to drink.No, thanks.A. tomatoesB. coffeeC. potatoesD. chicken 2. She was a quiet girl, but she is very now.A. beautifulB. lazyC. friendlyD. active 3. Are you tired now, Kate. S

33、ure当然 . I can walk on.A. hardlyB. often C. usuallyD. always 4 I eat meat because I don t want to be too heavy.A. lots ofB. muchC. moreD. less 5. Her lifestyle is the same her br other s.A. asB. forC. withD. to 6. My parents are not at home, so I have to my little sister.A. look atB. look likeC. look

34、 afterD. look out 7. hours do you exercise every day. Two.A. How longB. How far C. How much D. How many 8. How often does your mother shop. .A. Once a week B. Three times C. five and six times a weekD. For a week 9. more fruits and vegetables is good our health.A. Eating; toB. Eats; forC. Eating; fo

35、rD. Eat; for 10. A lot of vegetables you to keep in good health.A. makeB. wantC. tryD. help 11. Peter is because he hardly ever exercises.A. tiredB. happyC. healthyD. unhealthy 12. He knows a lot he is still 仍旧 a child.A. soB. although C. butD. or 13. My dad a lawyer 律师 when I grow up.A. wants me to

36、B. wants me to beC. becameD. wanted 14. My mother surfs the Internet, she likes watching TV .A. doesn hatrdly ever B. hardly ever C. isn t hardly ever D. hardly never 15. does he do on the weekend.- He often helps his mother with housework.A. HowB. How oftenC. WhatD. How soon 16. - What you usually

37、on weekends.-I usually guitar.A. did; do; play the B. do; do; play C. do; did; play D. do; do; play the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备 17. -Are you late for class. - .A. Yes,

38、 neverB. Yes, sometimes C. No, everD. No, usually 18. he was tired, he didn t stop to restA. Although, but;B. Although, /;c. though; but; 19. Can you help me the house.A. cleaningB. with cleanC. of cleaningD. clean 20. Lisa eight hours every night. What about you.A. eatsB. drinksC. playsD. sleeps课后练

39、习：一.依据要求完成句子。1, Bill usually do . 比尔周末通常做什么？2 do you the Internet. a week. 你多久上一次网？每周两次。3. She often reads English books. （改为一般疑问句） she often English books.4. My parents want me to be a doctor. （对划线部分提问） your parents want you to be.5. My favorite movie is Mr Bean.（对划线部分提问） your favorite movie.6. Do

40、you like to drink milk. （作否定回答） , I .7. My grandpa keeps in good health. （改为同义句）My grandpa .8. He goes to the park three times a week. 对划线部分提问 does he go to the park.9 I m unhealt也hy许我有点不健康10.牛奶对健康有利Milk for your health.二.单项填空1.How often does he exercise. .A. He is twelveB. He exercises by busC. Twi

41、ce a weekD. About one hour.2. My father wants me vegetables every day.A. to eatB. EatingC. eatD. eats3. 80% students like the watch. What does“ 80%” mean. .A. None of the students B. All the students C. Some of the students D. Most of the students4. Have you ever been to Hai Nan. No, .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎

42、下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备A.everB. neverC. some timesD. usually5. Mike is a boy. He does exercise every day.A. healthB. unhealthyC. healthyD. healthily6. Is your book as mine.A. sameB. someC. a sameD. the same7. Drinking milk and eating vegetables our health.A. are good forB. are good atC. is good forD. is good at8. Mary tries a lot of vegetables.A. eatB. to eatC. eatsD. drink9. Katrina reads Engli