2022年现代大学英语精读第单元知识点归纳.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全Unit 4 to wrench yourself away from : to twist and pull yourself away or free from wrench vt. To pull at the feelings or emotions of 挫折使感情或心情受磨练；distress压抑 ; afflict 使痛楚eg.: It wrenched her to watch them go. 看着他们离开,她很难过 It wrenched her to say goodbye. patchwork of farms

2、 and woodland patchwork n.拼缝物 , 拼缀物 , 拼凑物 woodland: a piece of land covered with trees 森林地 , 林地In the deep woods that verged against our back fence, a network of paths led almost everywhere, and pheasants 鸟 雉, 野鸡 rocketed off into the dense laurels ahead as you walked. p.2 to verge against: to be cl

3、ose to; to be at the edge or border of verge vi. 1 to be very close to a place ；to be contiguous 邻近 , 接近 eg.: streets verging on the slum area 贫民区四周的街道 2 To approach the nature or condition of something specified; come close. Used with on: 接近,靠近接近详细指定的某物的性质或情形；走近；与 on连用：verge on upon 接近 , 濒于eg.: Suc

4、h a remark verges on impertinence. 简直是唐突无礼；a brilliance verging on genius. 近乎天才的才智 Notice how the preposition against is used to mean next to, touching or hitting the surface of 课本 p.98-6 e. g. A heavy rain was pattering against the windows. He stood his stick against the wall. . . . and pheasants r

5、ocketed off: . . . and pheasants went off like rockets. rocket v.intr. 1to move swiftly and powerfully, as a rocket. 像火箭般快速而有力地运动 2 To soar or rise rapidly: 快速上升或猛涨 The book rocketed to the top of the bestseller list. 这本书一下子就跃居畅销书榜首Compare: Factories mushroomed. They grew like mushroom. He tried to

6、worm into that organization. He tried to get into that organization like a worm. It could snowball into a serious conflict. It could gradually develop into a serious conflict like a snowball. snowball vi. to grow rapidly in significance, importance, or size: 滚雪球般地增长, eg.: problems that snowballed by

7、 the hour. 问题按小时运算滚雪球般地增长 He was wolfing it down as if he had not eaten for days. He was eating it very quickly like a wolf. I spent most of my time roaming the woods and fields alone, playing Robin Hood p.3 to roam the woods fields, streets, hills etc: roam the streets 街头闲逛roam the clouds 云中闲逛roam

8、about /roam around . Eg.: The visitors roamed around the town /city. Keeping to myself was my way of not forming attachments that I would only have to abandon the next time we moved. But one day I became attached through no design of my own. p.3: to keep to oneself: . to live a very quiet and privat

9、e life and not do many things involving other people. 不与人交往 : eg.: She kept to herself in the ship and would speak to no one. 2 keep sth. secret 对 守口如瓶 eg.: He kept his conclusions to himself. 他对他的结论守口如瓶；through no design of my own. p.3:not that I intended to do it; not that I planned it that way; j

10、ust by chance I started hiking there ., up a long, sloping hill to an almost impenetrable stand of trees called Bear Wood. impenetrable adj. 1 impossible to penetrate or enter: 不能穿过或进入的：eg.: an impenetrable fortress. 2 Impossible to understand; incomprehensible: 不能懂得的 ,令人费解的 eg.: impenetrable jargon

11、. 行话3无动于衷的不为感情或争辩所动的eg an impenetrable heart.不能打动的心 penetrable adj.可渗透的,可穿透的penetrable defenses可突破的防备 ; a penetrable wall. 可洞穿的墙 penetrate v.tr. 1 to enter or force a way into; pierce. 穿过,刺入,穿透进入或迫使进入；刺入2 to enter into and permeate: 渗入进入或渗透 eg.: The insistent rhythm of piano practice penetrated each

12、 room of the house.钢琴的连续韵律回荡在整幢房子的每个房间 stand:高大植物或树的群丛 eg.: a stand of pine. 一群松树the twitter 鸟鸣声 and rustle沙沙声 , 飒飒声 : onomatopoeia 象声词 , 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全e. g. the twitter of birds; the rustle of leaves; the hiss of the snake; the gurgle 流水的 汩汩声 , 欢快的咯咯声

13、of the water; the cracking of the fire; the banging of the door; the fluttering 摇摆 , 鼓翼 of the flag; the rumbling 隆隆声 , 辘辘声 of the waves; the tick-tock 滴答声 of the clock etc. run into v.跑进 , 撞上 run against, 偶遇 , 陷入 , 达到She caught her breath Then, recovering quickly, she gave a welcoming smile that in

14、stantly put me at ease. catch ones breath v.喘息 , 屏息 = hold one s breath to put sb at ease: to make sb feel relaxed at ease: 安逸 ,自由悠闲 ill at ease adj.担心的 stand at ease 军 口令 稍息eg.: He always feels ill at ease in front of strangers. The professor must be quite popular. The students all look at ease in

15、his presence. others: to make sb at ease; to set sb at easeA pair of powerful-looking binoculars dangled from her neck. p.6 powerful : 高倍的 （望远镜） binoculars（双眼望远镜）telescope（望远镜）looking-glass（镜子）ocular adj.眼睛的 , 视觉的 n.目镜 , 眼睛 ocular demonstration 直观演示 an ocular witness 目击者 , 见证人dangle- hang or swing l

16、oosely eg: 1 She had big earrings dangling from her ear. 2 A loose electric wire was dangling from the wall. Yes, theyre wary, she said. But then, gamekeepers have been shooting them ever since they got here. Theyre introduced, you know, not native. p.11 wary: careful, cautious, watchful, suspicious

17、, alert gamekeeper（防止偷猎的）猎物看管人,猎场看管人: Notice the use of the word game 猎物 to be introduced: to be brought into this place from somewhere else for the first time trespass vi. to go onto someone s private land without their permission （on, upon）非法侵入；侵扰,打搅eg.: The farmer said we were trespassing.这个农夫说我们

18、未经许可进入了他的土地；I wont trespass upon your time any longer. 我不再打搅你了；Would you care to join me. This is considered polite but formal, and is used to ask if sb wants to do sth. I had been warned against going off with strangers p.14 to warn that/to warn sb not to do sth/to warn sb against sth go off: 1leav

19、e, depart 离开 2 explode爆炸；（ fireworks 、bell）响 ring eg.: The signal pistol went off with a bang. 信号枪砰的一声响了；. .extending her fine hand. p.15 : . . . offering to shake hands with the boy Fine here means small and attractively shaped, looking rather delicate 纤细 . extend- to give or offer help, friendship

20、, etc to sb. eg.: 1 I would like to extend my warm welcome to all of you. 2 I would like to extend a warm welcome to our visitors We set off. He passed away last year, she said, looking suddenly wistful, to walk the fields. p.17 set off: 1 动身,启程 = set out；set forth eg.: The children set off for scho

21、ol. ； 2 explode 使爆炸,引起 爆炸 eg.: As a traditional way to celebrate the new year, setting off firecrackers is justifiably welcomed by most Chinese people. 燃放鞭炮 ,作为一种传统的庆贺新年活动,理所当然地受到大多数中国人民的欢迎； wistful- sad and thinking about sth that is impossible or past eg: She cast a wistful glance at her friendnd

22、wished she had been invited to the party. pass away: die; pass away; depart; go aloft; go off; go out of this world; go to the better world Notice that the word walk is usually used as an intransitive verb except in some idiomatic expressions. To walk the fields is one of them, which means to go ove

23、r or along on foot. Other common expressions in which walk is used as a transitive verb: When people walk their dog, I wonder whether they ever realize that the dog will be much happier completely free in nature than just being allowed a little walk every day. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 -

24、 - - - - - - - - 学问点大全There is no more bus at this hour. Lets walk it . / Its dark outside. Ill walk you home. glass-fronted cases containing figures of ivory and carved stone a dozen or so stuffed birdsp.18 front vt. 装饰（建筑物等）的（正）面a glass-fronted door 装有玻璃的门 a building fronted with marble 以大理石饰面的建筑物

25、stuff vt. To fill an animal skin to restore its natural form for mounting or display; to make it a sample（为制作标本）剥制往（动物皮囊里）塞东西使之复原原先外形,用于演出或展览eg.: a stuffed deer I had made glow: blaze, burn, flare, flicker, gleam, glimmer, quiver, shine, flash, glitter, beam, spark, twinkle . and my well of knowledg

26、e about natural history began to brim over. At school, I earned the nickname Prof . .even the school bully brought me a died bird . to identify. p.24: brim over Eg.: a handcart brimming over with cotton 满载新棉的手推车 brim over with high spirits 兴致勃勃 sb. is brimming over with sth. love, confidence, knowle

27、dge etc Eg: a pond brimming with water 积满水的池塘At the wedding the bride and bridegroom were brimming over with happiness./ She was brimming over with confidence before the speech contest./ He was brimming with ideas and excitement. 他想法层出不穷； Two other expressions are similar in meaning: to overflow wit

28、h / to burst with 显示富足 ; 几乎装不下 , 布满earn- 1 to receive a certain amount of money for the work you do eg:How much do you earn, if you dont mind me asking. /You can t expect to earn a living =be paid enough money to live on from your painting.2 to get sth you deserve eg: This economist has earned great

29、 respect for his expertise. / It s been a tough six months and I feel Ive earned a few weeks off.bully- n.a rough and threatening man, esp one paid by someone to hurt or frighten other people v. to hurt or frighten other people often forcing them to do sth they do not want to do eg:1 Our survey indi

30、cates that one in four children is bullied at school. 2 Don t let anyone bully you into doing something you dont want to do.identify- to recognize and correctly name someone or sth, or to discover the nature and origin of the thing eg: The two witnesses who saw the shootings were able to identify wh

31、o had fired first. identity-n. eg: The mans identity was being kept secret while he was helping the police with information about the murder. identification - official papers or cards that can show who you are Drivers license. identical- exactly the same eg: Do you have any identifications. Passport

32、. blissfully- in a happy and enjoyable way eg: They were blissfully happy together. munch- to eat noisily and without trying to be quiet eg:1 He was munching an apple. /We watched her munch through two packets of peanuts. p.25I didn t notice that she was less inclined to laugh. Familiarity sometimes

33、 makes people physically invisible, for you find yourself talking to the heart-to the essence, as it were rather than to the face. I suspect, p.26: incline-to think that a particular belief or opinion is most likely to be right eg:1 Most people incline to the belief that globalization is a good thin

34、g to have. 2 She is easily taken in. She inclines to take everything people say at face value. to be inclined to do sth- tending to eg: Young people are often inclined to think that old people are stupid. to be musically artistically, linguistically, mathematically inclined-music art, language, math

35、ematics - to be naturally interested in or good at essence: the most important quality of sth; the thing that makes sth what it is in essence 本质上 ; 大体上of the essence 肯定需要的 , 不行缺少的 , 极重要的eg.: Time is of the essence. 时间是至关重要的；as it were犹如 , 似乎eg: She seemed very relaxed-in her natural setting as it we

36、re.她似乎非常悠闲得意-可以说是有自己随遇而安的天地suspect-1 to think that sth is probably true or likely, esp sth bad eg: We had no reason to suspect that he might try to kill himself./ We suspect that they have some secret dealings between them. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全2 to think that

37、 someone is probably guilty to suspect someone of sth or doing sth eg:1 No one knows who killed her, but the police suspect her husband. 2 The police suspect him of carrying out two bomb attacks. 3 to doubt the truth of sth eg:1 I have no reason to suspect her honesty/loyalty. /We suspected his moti

38、ves in making his offer. suspect-n. someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime eg: They arrested five suspects. But they still lacked conclusive evidence. I eyed it as I went to the refrigerator. p.28 to eye sth/sb: to observe or watch narrowly 将就地 , 精细地 , often in suspicion, jealousy, or in lon

39、ging. Eg.: The policeman eyed me in suspicion. I think he thought I was drunk. He eyed me up and down, not knowing whether he should believe my story. as: during the time when; while 一面 一面 My mother was regarding me with a strange gentleness. regard - 1 to look at attentively; to observe closely eg:

40、1 She sat there regarding him thoughtfully./ They all regarded her with great curiosity. 2 to consider or look upon in a particular way eg: Huangdi is regarded as the progenitor 始祖 of the Chinese people. 3 to have great affection or admiration for eg: She is highly regarded in the academic circles.

41、regard n. to give send ones regards to sb eg: Please give my best regards to all my friends there. I really miss them. in this regard - in this respect, in this matter with regard to - regarding; about; concerning as regards- as for regardless of- without paying attention to; in spite of the differe

42、nces in These phrases are all formal tears singing my eyes p.31 sting vt. 1 叮,螫 eg.: I once was stung by a bee. 2刺痛 eg.: Though smoke is soft, sometimes, it can sting our eyes 烟刺痛了我们的眼睛burst intop.34, out of, through sth- move suddenly and forcibly in the specified direction; appear suddenly from so

43、mewhere eg:1 An angry crowd burst through the lines of police and into the street. 愤慨的人群突破了警方的封锁线走到街上 2 The sun burst through the clouds. 太阳突然从云端里露出来thanks to her help p.35 : thanks to: because of- Notice that this is sometimes used ironically: e.g: Now thanks to the rain, well have to put off our m

44、atch. She failed again, all thanks to you. Thanks to his brilliant leadership, our company is now bankrupt. in time p.36 : 1early, or soon enough 准时,不迟eg.: Do you think we shall be in time for the train. Don t forget to come in time for dinner.2 经过一段时间以后；最终,迟早 eg.: In time you ll learn everything. 总

45、有一天你一切都会明白的；In time he ll see he was wrong./ Don t worry. In time she ll forget what has happened today. odds and endsp.36-small articles; bits and pieces of various sorts without much value eg: He s moved most of his stuff; there are just a few odds and ends left.Pandora s Box: A thing or problem t

46、hat, if activated, will give rise to many unmanageable problems. 一件事或一个问题, 假如被激活的话, 会变成很多无法掌握的问题；祸害之源 eg.: The Senate investigation turned out to be a Pandora s box for the administration. 参议院的调查没有想到给政府带来了数不清的麻烦；set to 1劲头十足地开头做某事,仔细地开头做, 用劲干（吃）eg.: The engineers set to and repaired the bridge./ She set to and finished cleaning the house within an hour. 2 开头争执；开头打斗 eg.: One man called the other a liar and they set to. set a