2022年新目标英语七年级上册语法知识与句型总结3.docx
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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 七年级上册语法学问与句型总结一. 考点归纳1. Hello, Gina. Good morning. 嗨,吉娜;早上好;英文中常用的问候语及其回答:Hello. Hello. Hi. Hi.Good morning. Good morning.Good afternoon. Good afternoon.Good evening. Good evening.Good night. Good night.晚安;(晚上分别时)How do you do. 你好;(初次见面时相互问好)How are you. 你好吗?(已相识者问对方好?)2. So
2、rry, Im late. 对不起,我迟到了;sorry 对不起 ” 用于引出某一过错;How do you do. 你好;Fine, thank you.好,感谢;Excuse me. “对不起 ” 用于引起对方的留意;例如:1)I m sorry I cant speak English. 对不起,我不会说英语;2)Excuse me, is this your backpack.打搅一下,这是你的背包吗?3. Nice to meet you. 很兴奋熟悉你! -Nice to meet you,too. 4. What s this in English. 这个用英语怎么说?1 同义句
3、: Whats the English for this.2 用什么语言,介词用 in: “ in + 某种语言 ” . 例如:in English 用英语 in Chinese 用汉语 in Japanese 用日语5. Let learn English. 让我们学英语;(一) let = let us 让我们 Let s learn English.让我们学习英语吧; = Why not learn English.为什么不学习英语呢? = What/How about learning English. 学习英语怎么样?(二) let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 例如: Le
4、t me play the guitar. 留意: 1)let sb. do sth. 中的 sb.如是代词要用宾格形式;Let she sing an English song. Let her sing an English song. 2)let sb. do sth. 中的 sb.即使是第三人称单数后面的动词仍用原形,例如:Let him plays soccer. Let him play soccer. 3)learn from 向 学习 , 例如: Let us learn from Lei Feng.让我们向雷锋学习;4 learn to do sth.学会干某事 例如:He
5、learns to speak a little French.他学会说一点法语;6. What color is this sweater. 这个毛衣是什么颜色?1 对颜色提问的两种方法:What color What color is your sweater. = What . = What s the color of 例如: . s the color of your sweater. 你的毛衣是什么颜色?What color are these pants. 这些裤子是什么颜色?2 color 是可数名词,例如: I don t like these colors. 我不喜爱这些颜
6、色;名师归纳总结 7. What s your name. 你叫什么名字?第 1 页,共 16 页1 对姓名的几种提问及回答:Whats your name. = May I have/know your name.My name is = Im 2 姓氏: family name / last name 名字: first name 全名: full name - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 8. Is this your dictionary. 这是你的字典吗?答: Yes, it is. / No, it isnt.t. 例如: Is that
7、 your brothers backpack. -Yes, it is. / No, it isn9. Call John at 495-3539. 给约翰打电话 495-3539;Please call Gina, her phone number is 2684753. =Please call Gina at 2684753. 10. Thanks for the photo of your family. 感谢你的全家福照片;1 Thanks. = Thank you. 感谢你;2 Thanks for + sth./doing sth. 为 而感谢你;例如:Thanks for y
8、our help.=Thanks for helping me. 感谢你的帮忙;3 the photo of your family=your family photo 你的全家福照片11. Here is my family photo. 这是我的全家福照片;1倒装句式:副词谓语主语(名词)Here is your letter.这是你的信;介词短语谓语主语(名词)On the dresser is my photo. 介词主语(代词)谓语Here you are. 给你;2 Here is/ are. .常用于把某物递给说话的对象 This is . .也表示 “这是 ;”但通常用于介绍;
9、12. Please take these things to your brother. 请把这些东西带给你弟弟;take, bring, carry 和 get 的区分:1take 带走”,从近处带到远处,例如:Please take these books to your home after school. 放学后把这些书带回你的家;bring “带来”,从远处带来,例如: Please bring me some books.请给我带些书来;2 get 去拿来 ”,相当于 go and bring,例如:Can I get my pen.我可以去把我的钢笔拿来吗?3 carry ”搬
10、动”, 无方向, Can you help me carry this case.能帮我搬这个箱子吗?13. I need my hat, my ID card, my notebook and my pencils. 我需要我的帽子,身份证,笔记本和铅笔;need v. 需要1 need sth./sb. 需要 ” 例如: She really needs these books. 她真的需要这些书;2 need to do sth. 需要做 ” 例如: I need to listen to some relaxing music.我需要听一些令人放松的音乐;14. There areso
11、me books in the bookcase. 书柜里有些书;There be 句型1)构成及意义 There be + n. + 某处. 在某处有什么;例如: There is an alarm clock on the dresser. 梳妆台上有一个闹钟;There are some keys in the drawer.抽屉里有一些钥匙;2 否定式 例如: There isn t a baseball on the floor. 地上没有一个棒球;There aren t any books in the bookcase. 书柜里没有一些书;Yes ,there is.3 疑问句
12、及回答 例如: Is there an alarm clock on the dresser.梳妆台上有一个闹钟吗?是的,有; No, there isn不,没有;4)There be句型的 就近原就 :如有两个或两个以上的主语是,谓语常与靠近它的那个 主语一样;例如: There is a book, two pens and some cups on the table. There are two pens, some cups and a book on the table. 名师归纳总结 5变疑问句或否定句时,应将原句中的some改为 any;第 2 页,共 16 页- - - -
13、- - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 6对不行数名词的数量提问:比较问的对象不一样:There is some broccoli in the bowl(碗) .碗里有些花椰菜;How much broccoli is there in the bowl(碗) . 碗里有多少花椰菜?How many bowlsof broccoli are there on the table.有多少碗花椰菜?答: There are three bowls of broccoli on the table. 有三碗花椰菜在桌子上;7在变特殊疑问句时,不要遗忘加 areis there;
14、How many people are there in the room. 房间里有多少人?How many people in the room. 8需要强调状语时,可以将状语提前;On the table there is only one tennis racket.在桌子上只有一个网球拍;9与 have的区分: have 表示某人或某物拥有什么;There be表示在什么地方存在什么;I have a book.我有一本书;15. I want to join your school sports center. 我想加入你们学校的体育中心;want 想,想要 1 want + st
15、h./sb. 想要 ” 例如: I want two hamburgers. 2 want to do sth. 想要做 ” 例如: He wants to join the reading club.他想加入阅读俱乐部 3 want sb. not to do sth. 想某人(不)做什么 ” 例如: My mother wants me to write English words every day. 我的母亲想要我每天写英语单词;He wants that boy not to play soccer in the classroom. 他想要那个男孩不在教室里踢足球;16. Welc
16、ome to our sports center. 欢迎到我们体育中心来;17. Ed Smith has a great sports collection. Ed Smith 有丰富的体育用品保藏;1名词修饰名词:一般情形下变复数时,只有被修饰的名词变为复数形式,例如: apple tree apple trees 苹果树oy train toy trains 玩具火车2假如修饰词为 man, woman就两个名词都要变为复数形式,例如: woman doctor-women doctors 女医生 man teacher -men teachers 男老师3有的名词本身常以复数形式显现,
17、例如: clothes shop-clothes shops服装店 sports center-sports centers体育中心 4丰富的钢笔保藏: a great/big pen collection 很小的钢笔保藏: a small pen collection 18. He only watches them on TV. 他只在电视上观看它们;1 看: watch, see, look, read 例如: watch TV/ a movie/ a football game观看电视 /电影 /足球竞赛 see a film/ an old friend 看电影 /一位老伴侣 loo
18、k at the picture/ that funny boy看着这副画 /那个好玩的男孩 read the map/an interesting story读这副地图 /一个好玩的故事 2 on TV 在电视上 on the phone 在电话里 on the computer 在电脑上 19. Do you like bananas. 你喜爱香蕉吗?1 like v. like 用作及物动词,译为 “喜爱 ”;like sth. / sb. 喜爱 like doing sth. 喜爱做 (长期的喜好,习惯)名师归纳总结 like to do sth. 想做 短期的,详细的某一次活动 =
19、want to do 第 3 页,共 16 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做 I like him to go with me. 我想要他和我一起去;1后接名词或代词,表示喜爱某人或某物如: I like the baby very much. 我特别喜爱这个小孩;2后接动名词 v. -ing,表示 “喜爱做某事 ”,着重于习惯、爱好;如: Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜爱踢足球;3后接动词不定式 to do ,表示有时喜爱做某事,着重于某次详细行为 如: I lik
20、e reading, but I like to watch TV today.我喜爱读书,但我今日想看电视;20. Runner eats well. 跑步选手吃得好;1)构词法:在动词后面加-er 或-or,将动词变为名词,意思是 “干 的人”直接加: act-actor (男)演员paint-painter 画家teach-teacher 老师 游泳者只加 r :dance-dancer 跳舞的人双写尾字母: run-runner 跑步选手swim-swimmer 2 跑步明星:running star runner star 21. Running star Sandra Clark
21、eats a lot of healthy food. 跑步明星 Sandra Clark 吃很多健康的食物;1 a lot of = lots of 可以用来修饰可数名词和不行数名词;例如: Jim drinks a lot of/lots of beer.吉姆喝很多啤酒;I have a lot of/lots of things to do.我有很多事情要做;2 a lot = a lot of/ lots of +名词 例如: Do we have some rice at home now .我们家里有一些大米吗 . Yes, we have a lot.有,我们有很多;3 a lo
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