2022年湖北学位英语复习资料语法重点-.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 湖北学位英语复习资料语法重点：从句名词性从句应当留意的问题：1主语从句1单个名词性分句充当主语时,全句谓语用单数形式；但是当两个由 and连接的名词性从句作主语并表示两件事情时,谓语动词用复数Whether she comes or not doesnt concern me.What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remains a mystery to us.2假设主语从句中规律意义完整并且基本句子成分齐备,就须在句首使用连接词that,该词无意义；假设缺差主/宾/表等

2、名词性成分,就依据需要挑选 what/which/who/whom 等That they were wrong in these matters is now clear to us all.What crime he has done is quite clear.3从句作主语时为保持句子平稳,可用 于句末,其中 that 可省略it 作形式主语,而将从句置It isnt surprising that he should have marrie2宾语从句1宾语从句后跟有补语,常用 后,其中 it 无意义it 作形式宾语,而将从句放在补语之She has made it clear that

3、 she will have nothing to do with him. I heard it said that the meeting would be postponed.名师归纳总结 2that-从句一般不行以直接用作介词宾语,但是可以用在in, except, 第 1 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - save, besides和 but 之后,多已形成固定用法； in that由于 ,except that 除了 ,but that要不是 , save that除了 ,besides that除了 I like the c

4、ity in that I have many friends there.He is a good student except that he is occasionally careless.He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time. 3当主句谓语为 assume, believe, expect, guess, imagine, suppose, think 等表示“ 认为” , “ 猜想” 动词时, 其后的宾语从句假设带有否认意 义,通常应将否认词前移至主句谓语上 I don t think

5、that you two met before.I don t suppose that anyone will object to the plan.3表语从句 主语是 reason 的表语从句须用 that 引导,不要误用 because引导 The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.The reason why I didnt go to Canada was that I got a new job.4同位语从句 同位语从句详细说明被其修饰限制的名词的实际内容；常见的可接同位语从句的名词有：announcement, belief

6、, conclusion, discovery, doubt, evidence, fact, guarantee, hope, idea, knowledge, news, order, proposal, question, rumor流言, statement, story, suggestion, thought想 法, understanding 懂得；其引导词常用 that,依据规律意义也可选用 whether, what, who, how, why, where；但决不能使用 which；Her suggestion that we send some people to he

7、lp them is adoptable.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Next comes the question what you want it for. I have no idea where she came from.形容词性从句 /定语从句应当留意的问题：1以下情形只能用关系代词that 引导,不能使用which；1当并列的两个先行词分别表示人和物时 They are talking about the people and countries that they have visited.Th

8、e passengers and parcels that filled the car were mixed.2当先行词是 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, none, few, a few 等不是定代词时 reasonable.Everything that he said seemed quite Much that I learned in the book is very useful.3当先行词被形容词最高级, 序数词包括 the last和 no, every, some, any ,only

9、, much等限定词修饰时 This is the most interesting film that has been produced in recent years.This the only thing that we can do now.The last student that stood up was Joe.2以下情形只能用关系代词which, 不能使用 that：1在非限定性定语从句中, 引导词只能用 which 和 who/whom, where, when 等；而且引导词在从句中作宾语时不能省略；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资

10、料 - - - - - - - - - Steel, which has many useful properties, is widely used in the machine-building industry.The shed in our garden, which my father built many years ago, has lasted for a long time.2和介词连用构成复合引导词时 There are scientific ways in which many solves problems.Ocean currents affect the clima

11、tes of the lands near which they flow.3Whose 表示全部关系,即可指人的也可指物理学 She lives in the house whose door and windows are broken.How many students are there in your class whose parents serve in the government agencies.4关系代词 that/which 和关系副词 when/where/why 的挑选：假设引导词在从句中担任状语,选用 /宾/表语就用 that/whichwhen/where/wh

12、y；假设作主This is the place which I ve long wanted to visit. I know of a place where we can swim.This is the reason why I am not in favor of his plan. I cant accept the reason that he gave.The sports meet will be held next month when the climate is very congenial.This is a great day that I will never fo

13、rget.5as 引导定语从句名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 既可指人也可指物,通常与the same, such, so等连用；仍可引导非限定性定语从句,指代整个主句意思或部分内容,位置敏捷 They need such materials as can bear high temperature and pressure. Mass is not the same thing as weight is.As you can see, weve got a problem with the engine.She

14、was absent, as is often the case.副词性从句 /状语从句应当留意的问题：1关联词的多义性资料来源：状语从句中某些引导词具有多义性,as, since, while, when可以引导不同状语从句； 如：1As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of No.13 时间 As he was not well, I decided to go without him. 缘由Much as I admire Shakespeare comedies, I cansuperior

15、to his tragedies. 让步 agree that they are I got up late in the morning so I had to run to the school as quickly as I could.比较 2He has been serving for this company since he graduated from the university. 时间 Since the weather is so bad outside, why dont you stay at home.3I saw him while he was going o

16、ut of the room. 时间名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - While I like the color of the hat, I don让步 t like its shape. While there is life, there is hope. 条件He knew how to answer the question, while I couldn转折t. 4When he arrived, I was cooking lunch. 当 时 I was about to go out this mo

17、rning when the telephone rang. 正在这 时2句型“no sooner than, hardly/scarcely/barely when”表示“ 一 就 ” ,主句中常用过去完成时,从句常用一般过去时；假设把 no sooner, hardly, scarcely, barely放在句首, 使用倒装语序No Sooner had he heard the news than he fainted.Scarcely had he entered the room when the telephone rang.3某些表示时间的副词和名词性词组如directly, i

18、mmediately, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, the day/year, next time 也可以引 导时间状语从句；I got into touch with him immediately I received his letter.The instant the result came out, she told us.The second time we met, he answered me a lot of questions.4在时间 /地点/条件/方式/让步等状语从句中,假如从句谓语动词为be,而且从句

19、主语和全句主语一样,或者主语是it,就从句主语或it和谓语动词 be 可省略 When I was a boy, I looked at such things differently. Though she was angry, she hurriedly left the room.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - This viewpoint, however it is understandable, is wrong.If it is necessary Ill have the composition r

20、ewritten.5复合连词引起的缘由状语从句,常用词有： in that, now that, seeing that, considering that, not that but that 等Now that she is absent, well have to do the work by ourselves.See that its raining hard, well have to stay here for the night.6在介词词组 by reason, for fear, for the reason, on the ground后可直跟 that 从句表示缘由He

21、 was excused on the ground that he was young.7only if 和 if onlyonly if 只要 引导陈述语气的真实条件句：是 就好了 大都引导虚拟条件句 Only if you study hard will you pass the test.if only但愿 ；要If only we had arrived in time, we would not have missed the train.8由 as和 though 引导的让步状语从句 为强调让步的意义,通常把从句中的表语,状语或补语放在句首形成倒装Rich as/though he is, I dont envy him.Teacher as/ though Mary is, she is not capable of teaching all subjects.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页