裕兴概念英语第二册记录材料第27课.doc

Lesson 27 A wet night雨夜 What happened to the boys in the night? Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. They were all hungry and the food smelled good. After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping bags and hurried outside. It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent! 参考译文 傍晚时分，孩子们在田野中央搭起了帐篷。这件事刚刚做完，他们就在篝火上烧起了饭。他们全都饿了，饭菜散发出阵阵香味。他们美美地吃了一顿饭后，就围在营火旁讲起了故事，唱起了歌。但过了一阵子。天下起雨来，于是他们扑灭了篝火，钻进了帐篷。睡袋既暖和又舒服，所以，他们都睡得很香。午夜前后，有两个孩子醒了，大声叫了起来。原来帐篷里到处都是水！他们全都跳出睡袋，跑到外面。雨下得很大，他们发现地上已经形成了一条小溪。那小溪弯弯曲曲穿过田野，然后正好从他们的帐篷底下流过去。 【New words and expressions】（15） 1 tent[tent] n.帐篷 2 field[fi:ld] n.田地，田野 3 smell [smel] v.闻起来 4 wonderful[wʌndəful] a.极好的 5 campfire[kmpˌfaiə] n.营火，篝火 6 creep [kri:p] v.爬行 7 sleeping bag[sli:piŋ] 睡袋 8 comfortable[kʌmfətəbəl] a.舒适的，安逸的 9 soundly[sʌundli] ad.香甜地 10 leap [li:p] v.跳跃，跳起 11 heavily[hevili] ad.大量地 12 stream[stri:m] n.小溪 13 form [fɔ:m] v.形成 14 wind [wind, waind] v.蜿蜒 15 right [rait] ad.正好 一．单词讲解： tent n. 帐篷 put up a tent 搭帐篷 /pitch [pitʃ] a tent peg down a tent 用木桩固定帐篷 pull down a tent 拆帐篷 /strike a tent eg. We always sleep in a tent when we go camping. 我们宿营时，总是睡在帐篷里。 field n. 天地，田野，领域，专业，视野 in the field 在田地里 develop unexplored fields of industries 开发未曾探索的工业领域 one’s special field 某人的专业 a wide field of vision 广阔的视野 smell v. 闻起来 smelled/smelt 1) （感官动词） + adj. 2) 不用于被动语态，不用于进行时态 eg. The fish smells good. 这鱼闻起来不错。 eg. The fish smells delicious. 这鱼闻起来就好吃。 这类动词很常见： eg. The story sounds interesting. 这故事听起来很有趣。 (sound 听起来) eg. The girl looks charming. 那女孩看上去很有魅力。 (look 看起来) eg. The material feels soft. 这布料摸上去很柔软。 (feel 摸起来) smell v. 嗅到（实意动词） eg. I can smell trouble coming. 我凭直觉感到要有麻烦了。 eg. I smelled something burnt. 我闻到有什么东西烧糊了。 smell round/smell about 东嗅西嗅，到处打听 /nose around eg. The dogs were smelling round, perhaps they smelt the thief. 这些狗到处闻 ，也许它们闻到贼的气味了。 smell of 带有…气味（通常指令人不快的气味） eg. Your breath smells of brandy. 你的呼吸带有白兰地的气味。 eg. The house smells of paint. 这座房子有油漆的气味。 wonderful adj. 极好的 campfire n. 营火，篝火 camp n. 营地 a holiday camp 度假营地 a prison camp 战俘营 an army camp 军营 a concentration camp （德国纳粹的）集中营 pitch a camp 扎营 have a foot in both camps 脚踏两只船 have a foot in the grave 行将就木 camp v. 设营，扎营，宿营，露营 go camping 野营度假 eg. They camped near the top of the mountain. 他们在山顶附近扎营。 campfire 营火，篝火 open fire 在野外生的火，篝火 bonfire [bɔn,faiə] n. 营火，篝火 camp bed 折叠床，行军床 creep v. 慢慢地，悄悄地或偷偷地移动（尤指弯着腰走） (crept, crept) eg. The cat crept silently towards the bird. 那只猫悄悄地接近那只鸟。 bell the cat 舍己为人，为他人利益去冒险 bell the cat是一个固定短语，意思是“为了大家的利益承担风险”，这个短语是怎么来的呢？ bell the cat源自一个故事：有一窝老鼠，因为怕猫，不敢出去找食物。其中有一只老鼠想了一个办法，在猫的脖子上套一个铃铛，这样，他们就可以知道猫在哪里，然后避开它找食物。这个办法得到全体老鼠的一致拥护，但有一个最重要的问题尚未解决：谁去给猫套铃铛呢？也就是：Who will bell the cat? 这个故事的结局怎样，没有明确的说法，但bell the cat这个短语却被人们反复引用，成了习语。 eg. Its quite difficult to get a man who can bell the cat. 很难找到危险时刻能够挺身而出的人了。 eg. All the men agreed that they wanted a pay increase, but nobody offered to bell the cat and ask their employer for the money. 大家都想加薪，但谁肯承担这个风险去向老板提出来呢？ eg. "Down with the weekend homework!"shouted all the boys. However, none of them dared to bell the cat and say that to the teacher. “打倒周末作业”，所有男孩子都叫道，但是无人敢去向老师提出来。 eg. The thief crept along the corridor [kɔridɔ:]. 那个贼悄悄地溜过走廊。 eg. Old age creeps on you before you realize it. 人不知不觉变老了。 eg. The boys crept into their tent. crawl [krɔ:l] 爬，爬行，匍匐前进 crawl 使用于如蛇类，无足，以腹部着地而行或者动作迟缓之虫类，而creep则表示四足动物缓慢而行，然而，快速前进之虫类，仍多以creep 表示。 sleeping bag 睡袋 sleeging car 卧铺车厢 /sleeper sleeping pill 安眠药 eg. Let sleeping dogs lie. （谚）不捅马蜂窝，蜂也不来蛰。 comfortable adj. 舒适的 comfort n. [U] 1) 舒适，身心健康，安慰 live in comfort 过得舒适 a few words of comfort 几句安慰的话 2) 令人安慰的人或事 (single) eg. Her children are a great comfort to her. 对她来说，孩子们是很大的安慰。 3) （生活方面）使人舒适的设备(pl.) comfort station 公共厕所 (Am.) public convenience 公共厕所 (Br.) comfort sb 安慰某人 eg. The mother comforted the disappointed boy. 妈妈安慰那个失望的孩子。 comfortable adj. 舒适的 ←→ uncomfortable 不舒适的 a comfortable chair 一把舒适的椅子 a comfortable car 一辆舒适的车子 eg. Make yourself comfortable! 请别客气！ comfortably adv. 舒适地 相当于 in comfort eg. She sat in the sofa comfortably. 她舒适地坐在沙发上。 /She sat in the sofa in comfort. soundly adv. 酣睡地，充分地 sleep soundly 睡得香甜 sleep deeply 睡得很沉 sleep well 睡眠很好 be fast asleep 睡得香甜 sound adj. （睡眠）酣的，香甜的，不中断的；（睡眠的人）酣睡的 1) be a sound sleeper 一个睡得很香的人 /be a deep sleeper 2) a sound heart （身心）健康的，健全的 eg. A sound mind in a sound body. 健康的心理寓于健康的身体。 3) 合理的，正确的，坚定的 a sound judgement 合理的判决 eg. She is sound on her future. 她对未来有信心。 leap [li:p] vi. 跳，跳跃 (jump as fast as one can; jump over) (leapt, leapt) [lept, li:pt] eg. We leapt out of the tent. 我们蹦出帐篷。 eg. My heart leapt for joy at the news. 听到这个消息后，我的心情万分激动。 leap 大多用于“前方”的跳跃 jump 向“前方”，“上方”，任一方的跳跃皆可。 leap n. 跳跃 eg. She made beautiful leaps. 她优美地跳跃了几下。 Great Leap Forward 大跃进（1958） by leaps and bounds 突飞猛进，迅速地 leap year 闰年 a leap in the dark 有勇无谋的行为，瞎闹 heavily adv. 大量地 heavy 1) adj. 沉的；超出一般规模、数量、力量的；重大的 a heavy rain 大雨 eg. It rains cats and dogs. 倾盆大雨 /It rais whales and elephants. a heavy snow 大雪 a heavy crop 丰收 a heavy cold 重感冒 a heavy smoker 大烟鬼 a heavy drinker 酒鬼 heavy traffic 交通拥挤 heavy loss 巨大损失 a heavy sleeper 睡得很死的人 2) （食物）腻人的，难消化的 heavy food 油腻的食物 /rich food ←→light food 清淡的食物 form n. 表格，形式 fill in the forms 填表格 fill in the blanks with the right forms of verbs 用动词的正确形式填空 v. 1) 形成，构成 a stream had formed in the field. 一条小溪在地里形成了 form sentences 造句 / make sentences 2) 形成（想法，计划，意见等） eg. I cannot form an opinion about it. 对这件事我没有意见， formal adj. 正式的 ←→ informal 不正式的 formal clothes 礼服 formal adj. 表面上的 formal politeness [pə’laɪtnɪs] 表面上殷情 stream n. 小溪 in a stream 川流不息 / in streams a stream of water 一股溪流 river 江河 brook [bruk] 小河，小溪 lake 湖 a stream of people 人潮川流不息（喻） wind 1) n. [wind] 风 a strong wind 强风，大风 /a heavy wind north wind 北风 2) v. [waınd] 蜿蜒 (wound, wound) [waund] a winding road 一条蜿蜒的小路 eg. The river winds down to the sea. 小河蜿蜒流向大海。 eg. The stream wound its way across the field. 小溪蜿蜒穿过这片田地。 eg. She wound her way throuth the crowd. 她绕来绕去穿过人群。 wind one’s way across/through 蜿蜒穿过 wind the watch 上发条 eg. Are you winding me up? 你想气死我？ / Are you annoying me? 二、 关键句型 Key Structures 一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况（包括习惯性动作）通常搭配表示过去的时间状语。比如： yesterday 昨天 last week 上星期 in 1990 during the night 在夜里 in those days 在那段日子 例：Who put forward the suggestion? 谁提出这个建议？ When did she leave? 她什么时候走的？ She often came to help us.她常来帮助我们（表示过去的习惯动作）。 We didnt have any land at that time.那时候我们没有一点地。 I wasnt in last night.昨天晚上我不在家。 注意： 1)一般过去时可与today, this week, this month, this year等时间状语连用，但这些时间状语须指过去，决不包括“现在”在内。 例： Did you see him today? 你今天看见他了吗？ 2)省略时间状语，通过上下文，使用一般过去时。 例: I have been within an inch of life, and didn t know it. 我差一点丧了命，而当时我还不知道呢。 He is no longer the man he was.他己经不是过去的他了。 3)在英语中，说到死去的人时，一般皆用过去时态。 - Who is the man in the picture? 照片里的是谁？ —It was Tom.是汤姆（己经去世）。如果没去世It is Tom. 4) -般过去时有时有感情色彩。 例：I heard you! 我早听见了。（即你不用再喊了。） I told you so. 我早就告诉过你了。（有“你就是不听”的含义）。 5)注意动词过去式不规则变化 begin began begun creep crept crept leap leapt leapt sleep slept slept find found found see saw seen put put put do did done keep kept kept lose lost lost leave left left meet met met write wrote written slng sang sung wake woke woken buy bought bought come came come give gave given go went gone wind wound wound hang hung/hanged hung/hanged 三、课文讲解 Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. late in the afternoon 傍晚时分 early in the morning 一大早 late at night 深夜 put up their tent 搭起帐篷 / set up their tent /pitch a tent As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. as soon as 一…就 （后面跟句子） /the moment /just after As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. this 指前面的“they put up their tent in the middle of the field” cook v. 煮，烹调 cook dinner 做饭 eg. She cooked us a delicious meal. 她为我们做了一顿美味可口的饭菜。 /She cooked a delicious meal for us. ( cook 可以加双宾语) roast 烤肉 bake （用烤炉）烘 broil [brɔɪl] 直接用火烤 grill 直接用火烤 fry 炒 deep fry 油炸 boil 煮 stew [stju:] 炖，焖 steam 蒸 cooker n. 炊具 cook n. 厨师 a chief cook 大厨 eg. Too many cooks spoil the broth [brɔ:θ, brɔθ]. 厨师多了烧坏汤；人多手杂反坏事；人多添乱 over 在垂直上方 on 相接触的上面 above 在上方（在比较高的位置上） They were all hungry and the food smelled good. hungry [hʌŋgri] adj.饥饿的；渴望的 go hungry 挨饿 feel hungry 感到饥饿 a hungry look 饥饿的表情 hungrily adv. ------Which country eats a lot? ------Hungary [hʌŋgəri:] 匈牙利 （词形、发音都很像） hunger n. die of hunger 死于饥饿 eg. He satisfied his hunger with everything in the fridge. 他把冰箱内的所有东西拿来充饥。 have a hunger for fame 渴望名声 have a hunger for knowledge 有强烈的求知欲 v. 渴望/long for eg. I hunger for your touch. 我渴望你的接触。 ( from Ghost “Unchained Melody”) smell: link v. （系动词） After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire. by: beside/near But some time later it began to rain. feel---felt---felt (link v.) put out 扑灭 eg. They put out the fire. （动作） eg. The fire was put out by them. eg. The building was on fire. 大楼着火了。 eg. The light is on. 灯亮了。 eg. The light is out. 灯灭了。 eg. The building caught fire. （动作）大楼着火了。 与put相关的短语： put away 收拾，放在一边 eg. Put the toys away. 把玩具放到一边。 put aside 停下 eg. He put his work aside and made some coffee. 他停下工作，冲了一些咖啡。 put back 放回 eg. Put the record back where it was. 把磁带放回原处。 put 放 lay 横摆 set 并放 place 安置 arrange 排放 spread 摊开 The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. began shouting / began to shout eg. It bagan to rain. → It bagan raining. wake up 醒来 wake sb up 叫醒某人 eg. Will you wake me up early next morning. sb be woken up 某人被叫醒，吵醒 eg. I was woken up by the cock’s crow. 我被公鸡的啼叫声吵醒了。 eg. The noise is loud enough to wake the dead. (idiom) （指噪声）大得烦人。 The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping bags and hurried outside. be full of / be filled with The tent was full of water! → The tent was filled with water! hurry v. 匆忙赶往 hurry to + 地点 eg. I hurried to school this morning. eg. We hurried to the station. It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent! wind one’s way across 蜿蜒，穿过 flow---flowed---flowed fly---flew---flown right / just Special Difficulties 1. The boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. 2. They put out the fire and crept into their tent. 3. I put on my coat and left the house. 我穿上外衣，离开房子。 4. You needn’t go back to London tonight. We can put you up for the night. (We can provide you with a bed.)你今夜不必回伦敦，我们能为你安排住宿。 5. The teacher sent the boy to the headmaster. He could not put up with him any longer. (He could not stand him.) 老师把那男孩送到校长那里去，他已经无法容忍这个男孩了。 6. Take out your notebooks. Put down all the sentences that are on the blackboard. (write all the …) 拿出你笔记本，抄下黑板上所有的句子。 7. We cannot have the meeting tonight. We shall have to put it off until tomorrow. (We shall have to postpone it.) 今晚我们无法开会，只好把它推迟到明天。 8. Close your books and put them away. 把书合上，放到一边去。 Exercises: 选用正确的带put的动词短语 1. Mrs. Bowers told her children to put their toys away and go to bed.收起来 2. You can stay here tonight. We can put you up on the spare room.安排 3.I’m not ready yet. I haven’t put my shoes on.穿上 4. “Open your exercise books and put down the following”, the teacher said.抄写 5. Father is putting out the fire he lit in the garden.扑灭 6. When they have put up that new building, it will spoil the view.搭起，建起。 当他们建起那栋新楼时，它将破坏这里的风景。 7.I have put off my trip to Japan until next month.推迟 8. I am getting a divorce. I can’t put up with him any longer.容忍，忍受 四、练习 Exercises l. They cooked a meal because ____. A. they had hunger B. they had hungry C. they were hunger D. they felt hungry 分析： A.不符合英语习惯用法； B.不符合正确用法，hungry是形容词，它前面应该是系动词be，而不是had： C.不符合语法习惯，系动词后面应跟形容词hungry. 正确答案：D.他们感到饿了 2. The boys had put out the campfire . The fire wasnt____ A. switched on B. on fire C. on D. alight 分析： A 打开电源开关： B着火，意思不通顺； C打开的，on单独使用指电源而不是指火； D着火的，照亮的。 正确答案：D 3. They crept into their tent, so they____. A. made a lot of noise B. ran quickly C. were very quiet D. were very noisy 分析： C.很安静，与前面的They crept into their tent意思最当配。 A.制作很多噪音； B.快跑：D.非常吵闹 正确答案：C 4._____one accord they began to creep as quietly as possible into the cottage. A. To B. After C. Through D. With 分析： with one accord全体一致地 他们一致同意并开始悄悄地向别墅爬去。 正确答案：D 六、补充内容 谚语 1. A lot of water has run under the bridge. Much water has run under the bridge. 自从某事发生以来已经过了很长时间（或发生可很多事情，许多情况改变了）在桥下，很多水都流了过去。 2. a new broom sweeps clean 新官或新的负责人劲头十足地推行改革计划：新宫上任三把火： 新扫帚扫的干净