近几年大学英语四级真命题及其规范标准答案.doc

-! 2010年6月四级A Part I Writing (30 minutes) 　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 　　1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写 　　2. 出现这种情况的原因 　　3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为… 　　Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling　 　Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) 　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. 　　Caught in the Web 　　A few months ago, it wasnt unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. Shed wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs – leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem. 　　"I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart – kind of slipping into a depression," said Carla. "I knew that if I didnt get off the dating sites, Id just keep going," detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world. 　　Toebes conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. Shes not alone. 　　Concern about excessive Internet use isnt new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. Theres still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible. 　　But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web. 　　"Theres no question that therere people whore seriously in trouble because theyre overdoing their Internet involvement," said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction. 　　Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an environment," he said. "You cant be addicted to the environment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online. 　　The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers.About 6% of respondents reported that "their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and nearly 4% reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline." 　　About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time." 　　"The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. "Theyre online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色情) or gambling" websites. 　　Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If its a loss [where] youre not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then its too much." 　　Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior. 　　The website for Orzacks center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction: 　　● Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer. 　　● Longing for more and more time at the computer. 　　● Neglect of family and friends. 　　● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer. 　　● Lying to employers and family about activities. 　　● Inability to stop the activity. 　　● Problems with school or job. 　　Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances. 　　People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, and escape, excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people say relief…because they find themselves so relaxed." 　　Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a "gaming addiction." 　　Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but thats nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him hed gained weight. 　　"Theres this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check." 　　Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction." 　　"Im self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but Im failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group."I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I cant even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything." 　　Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and Im not interested in online dating," she said by phone last week. "Its a lot better now." 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 　　1. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet? 　　A) Her daughters repeated complaints. 　　B) Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep. 　　C) The poorly managed state of her house. 　　D) The high financial costs adding up. 　　2. What does the author say about excessive Internet use? 　　A) People should be warned of its harmful consequences. 　　B) It has become virtually inevitable. 　　C) It has been somewhat exaggerated. 　　D) People havent yet reached agreement on its definition. 　　3. Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if people ______. 　　A) try to improve the Internet environment 　　B) become aware of its serious consequences 　　C) can realize what is important in life 　　D) can reach a consensus on its definition 　　4. According to Professor Maressa Orzack, Internet use would be considered excessive if ______. 　　A) it seriously affected family relationships 　　B) one visited porn websites frequently 　　C) too much time was spent in chat rooms 　　D) people got involved in online gambling 　　5. According to Orzack, people who struggle with heavy reliance on the Internet may feel ______. 　　A) discouraged 　　B) pressured 　　C) depressed 　　D) puzzled 　　6. Why did Andre Heidrich cut back online gaming? 　　A) He had lost a lot of money. 　　B) His family had intervened. 　　C) He had offended his relatives. 　　D) His career had been ruined. 　　7. Andrew Heidrich now visits websites that discuss online gaming addiction to ______. 　　A) improve his online gaming skills 　　B) curb his desire for online gaming 　　C) show how good he is at online gaming 　　D) exchange online gaming experience 　　8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she ______. 　　9. Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldnt afford to seek ______. 　　10. Now that shes got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about ______. 　　Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) 　　Section A 　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。恒星英语学习网 　　11. 　　A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman. 　　B) He has difficulty understanding the book. 　　C) He cannot get access to the assigned book. 　　D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline. 　　12. 　　A) She will drive the man to the supermarket. 　　B) The man should buy a car of his own. 　　C) The man neednt go shopping every week. 　　D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store. 　　13. 　　A) Get more food and drinks. 　　B) Ask his friend to come over. 　　C) Tidy up the place. 　　D) Hold a party. 　　14. 　　A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday. 　　B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith. 　　C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible. 　　D) The woman should contact John Smith first. 　　15. 　　A) He understands the womans feelings. 　　B) He has gone through a similar experience. 　　C) The woman should have gone on the field trip. 　　D) The teacher is just following the regulations. 　　16. 　　A) She will meet the man halfway. 　　B) She will ask David to talk less. 　　C) She is sorry the man will not come. 　　D) She has to invite David to the party. 　　17. 　　A) Few students understand Prof. Johnsons lectures. 　　B) Few students meet Prof. Jonsons requirements. 　　C) Many students find Prof. Johnsons lectures boring. 　　D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnsons class. 　　18. 　　A) Check their computer files. 　　B) Make some computations. 　　C) Study a computer program. 　　D) Assemble a computer. 　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 　　19. 　　A) It allows him to make a lot of friends. 　　B) It requires him to work long hours. 　　C) It enables him to apply theory to practice. 　　D) It helps him understand people better. 　　20. 　　A) It is intellectually challenging. 　　B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time. 　　C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long. 　　D) It demands physical endurance and patience. 　　21. 　　A) In a hospital. 　　B) At a coffee shop. 　　C) At a laundry. 　　D) In a hotel. 　　22. 　　A) Getting along well with colleagues. 　　B) Paying attention to every detail. 　　C) Planning everything in advance. 　　D) Knowing the needs of customers. 　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 　　23. 　　A) The pocket money British children get. 　　B) The annual inflation rate in Britain. 　　C) The things British children spend money on. 　　D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain. 　　24. 　　A) It enables children to live better. 　　B) It goes down during economic recession. 　　C) It often rises higher than inflation. 　　D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade. 　　25. 　　A) Save up for their future education. 　　B) Pay for small personal things. 　　C) Buy their own shoes and socks. 　　D) Make donations when necessary. 　　Section B 　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 　　Passage One 　　Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 　　26. 　　A) District managers. 　　B) Regular customers. 　　C) Sales directors. 　　D) Senior clerks. 　　27. 　　A) The support provided by the regular clients. 　　B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives. 　　C) The urgency of implementing the companys plans. 　　D) The important part played by district managers. 　　28. 　　A) Some of them were political-minded. 　　B) Fifty percent of them were female. 　　C) One third of them were senior managers. 　　D) Most of them were rather conservative. 　　29. 　　A) He used too many quotations. 　　B) He was not gender sensitive. 　　C) He did not keep to the point. 　　D) He spent too much time on details. 　　Passage Two 　　Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 　　30. 　　A) State your problem to the head waiter. 　　B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered. 　　C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly. 　　D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you. 　　31. 　　A) You problem may not be understood correctly. 　　B) You dont know if you are complaining at the right time. 　　C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge. 　　D) You cant tell how the person on the line is reacting. 　　32. 　　A) Demand a prompt response. 　　B) Provide all the details. 　　C) Send it by express mail. 　　D) Stick to the point. 　　Passage Three 　　Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 　　33. 　　A) Fashion designer 　　B) Architect. 　　C) City planner. 　　D) Engineer. 　　34. 　　A) Do some volunteer work. 　　B) Get a well-paid part-time job. 　　C) Work flexible hours. 　　D) Go back to her previous post. 　　35. 　　A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy. 　　B) It will add to the familys financial burden. 　　C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother. 　　D) The children wont get along with a baby-sitter. 　　Section C 　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in th