马术运动通用英语词汇资料.doc

-` 马术运动常用英语词汇 马术运动 障碍赛花式骑术 Equestrian 人员 障碍赛 花式骑术 赛马 马球运动 赌马 步法 马匹 场地 旗手装备 饲养与调教 1． 马术运动：equestrian sport 2． 马术比赛：equestrian competition event 3． 障碍赛：hurdle race; (steeple) chase 4． 超越障碍赛： show jumping 5． 盛装舞步；花式骑术：dressage 6． 三日赛；综合全能马术比赛：three-day event; complete competitive examination of horsemanship 7． 花式骑术测验：dressage test 8． 越野耐力测验：endurance test 9． 超越障碍测验：jumping test 10．跳跃障碍测验：Puissance 11．马场超越障碍赛：Stadium jumping competition 12．放牧人竞技会：Rodeo 13．马上技巧：Mounted gymnastics 14．马术学校：Riding school [academy] 人员 15．马术运动员；骑手：equestrian; equestrienne (女); horseman; horsewoman (女); rider; jockey 16．障碍赛骑手：Show jumper 17．盛装舞步骑手：Dressage rider 18．驯马师：horse-breaker [-master; -trainer]; bronco-buster 19．障碍赛裁判员：Obstacle judge 20．检查员：Patrol judge 21．跑道检查员：Clerk of the course 22．赛马工作人员：Steward 23．饲养员：groom；Stableman 24．马掌工：Blacksmith; Farrier 障碍赛 25．越过障碍：Jump 26．起跳：Take off 27．飞跃：Fly 28．飞越：Leap 29．轻触障碍：Tick 30．漏跳：Omit an obstacle 31．拒跳：Ba(u)lk 32．踌躇（跳障碍前收住脚步）：Dwell 33．碰撞障碍：Knock down an obstacle 34．绊跌：Stumble 35．时间限制：Time limit 36．障碍赛平分决胜：jump-off 37．障碍：Obstacle; fence 38．障碍宽度：Spread 39．固定障碍：Solid obstacle 40．简单障碍：Simple obstacle 41．双重障碍：Double obstacles; in-and-out 42．直立障碍：Vertical [straight] obstacle 43．高宽混合障碍 high and broad obstacle 44．平行杆障碍：Parallel poles 45．双重平行杆障碍：Double parallel poles 46．三重障碍：Triple bars 47．平行三重障碍：Triple parallel bars 48．木栅障碍：Railing; paling; Oxer; bars; post and rail obstacles 49．单栏障碍：Simple oxer 50．蛇形木栅障碍：Snake fence 51．宽围栏障碍：Spread fence 52．屋顶形障碍：Chicken coop 53．低墙障碍；土堤：Bank; knoll 54．石墙障碍：Stone wall 55．树篱障碍：Hedge; bullfinch 56．窄篱[墙]障碍：Narrow stile 57．篱沟障碍：Ditch and hedge 58．树篱与木栅障碍：Brush and rails 59．沟：Ditch; pit 60．水沟障碍：Water-jump 61．水沟带树篱障碍：Water jump with hedge 花式骑术 62．初级花式骑术：Elementary training; Campagne 63．高级花式骑术：grand dressage; high school; haut ecole 64．立定：Attention 65．前肢起扬：Levade; pesade 66．后肢直立：Rear 67．昂首跳步：Jigging 68．原地快步：Trot in place 69．斜横步：Two-track; half-pass; appuyer 70．巴沙基；高级快报：Passage 71．西班牙舞步；高级慢步：Spanish walk 72．琵阿斐；原地高级步：Piaffe 73．跳跃：Gambado 75．原地腾跃：Capriole 76．直立腾跃：Curvet; courbette 77．旋转：Pivot 78．后肢旋转：Pivot on the quarters; pirouette 79．前肢旋转：Pivot on the forehand 80．半旋转：Caracole 81．后肢半旋转：Half-pirouette 82．环骑：Volt(e) 83．转圈（直径超过6米）：Circle 84．8字形：Eight; school figures 赛马 85．赛马：Horse race [racing] 86．大赛马：Derby 87．平地赛马（无障碍物）：Flat race 88．有奖赛马：Stakes race 89．让步赛马：Handicap; allowance race 90．负重减量：Alloance 91．附加重量：Impost 92．根据马匹年龄和赛程而附加的重量：Weight-for-age 93．轻驾车赛：Hharness racing 94．同时到达终点：dead heat 95．领先一头的距离：head 96．落选的马：also-ran 97．马球运动：polo 98．马球运动员：polo player; poloist 99．马球队：quartet 100．局：chukker 101．前锋：forward 102．前卫：halfback 103．后卫：back 104．球门裁判：goal umpire 105．判胜一球：penalty goal 106．原地罚球：free hit 107．得球：right of way 108．球行线：line of ball 109．挤出球行线：ride off the ball 110．向前击球：forestroke 111．向后击球：backstroke 112．右侧向前击球：offside forehand 113．右侧向后击球：offside backhand 114．左侧向前击球：nearside forehand 115．左侧向后击球：nearside backhand 116．马球杆：mallet; polo-stick 117．赌马：gamble [bet] on horses 118．赌博者：gambler; bettor; horse player 119．登记赌注者：bookmaker; bookie 120．赌注：bet; stake 121．赔率：odds 122．同注分彩赌博：parimutuel 123．赛马内情简报：dope-[tip-]-sheet 骑术 124．骑术：art of riding; horsemanship; equestrianism; equestrian skill; equitation; jockeyship 125．无鞍骑乘：ride bareback 126．上马：get up; mount 127．帮助上马：leg up 128．下马：dismount 129．骑坐姿势：riding posture; seat 130．身体重心居中的骑坐姿势：park seat 131．前倾骑坐：forward [balanced; hunting; modern; military] seat 132．极度前倾骑坐：jockey seat 133．古典骑坐姿势：academic [classical] seat 134．顺随马的动作：go with the horse 135．扶助指挥：aid 136．自然扶助：natural aid; authorized assistance 137．人工扶助：artificial aid; unauthorized assistance 138．控缰：draw the rein 139．开控缰：leading [opening] rein 140．颈上控缰：bearing [neck] rein 141．反向直控缰：direct rein of opposition 142．强力控缰：heavy-handed; mutton-fisted 143．轻控缰绳：light-handed 144．控马：collect a horse 145．控马后退：rein back 146．停住：halt 147．控缰主导腿：active leg 148．控缰支撑腿：passive leg 149．落马：fall from the horse; come a cropper 150．步法 [态]：gait 151．自然步法：collected [natural] gait 152．人工步（包括慢跑步、侧对步、破侧对步）：artificial gait 153．侧[横]步：sidestep 154．慢步：walk; short pace; jog trot 155．自由慢步：free walk 156．短慢步：short walk 157．跑慢步：running walk 158．侧对步：amble; pace; on the diagonal 159．慢侧对步：slow gait; stepping pace 160．破[花]侧对步：broken amble; rack; single foot 161．快步：trot 162．狐[小快]步：foxtrot 163．骑手稳坐马鞍的小跑：sitting trot 164．骑手随马起伏的小跑：rising trot 165．慢快步：collected trot 166．平稳快步：square trot 167．缩短快步：slow trot 168．慢跑步：canter; slow pace; hand gallop 169．普通慢快跑：ordinary canter 170．大步慢跑：lope 171．反常跑步：counter canter; false lead 172．飞奔；疾驰：gallop 173．袭步：full [running] gallop 174．狂奔：bolt; take the bit 175．伸长步法：extended gait 176．缩短步法：shortened gait 177．碎步：choppy stride 178．乱步：disunited gait 179．两个蹄音的步法：two-beat gait 180．三个蹄音的步法：three-beat gait 181．四个蹄音的步法：four-beat gait 182．善于五种步法的：five-gaited 183．简单换步：simple change of legs 184．空中换腿：flying change of legs 马匹 185．马：horse 186．额毛：forelock 187．马体前部：forequarters; front quarters 188．马鬃：mane; crest 189．马肩隆：withers 190．马背：horseback 191．颈础：base of neck 192．脊背：back 193．腹部：belly; abdomen; barrel 194．胁：blank 195．臀部：haunch; hind quarters; rump; croup(e); crump; crupper 196．前肢：forefoot; front foot; arm 197．左前肢：left fore 198．右前肢：right fore 199．后肢：hind leg 200．左后肢：left fore 201．右前肢：right hind 202．斜对肢：diagonal pair of legs 203．飞[跗关]节：hock 204．胫：shank; gaskin; second thigh 205．距毛；球节：fetlock 206．系部：pastern 207．蹄：hoof; foot 208．品种：breed 209．谱系：pedigree 210．纯种马：purebred; bloodstock 211．英纯种马：thoroughbred 212．阿拉伯马：Arab (horse); Arabian horse 213．非纯种的：cold-blooded 214．混血马：half-bred 215．母马：mare; dam 216．母驹（5岁以下）：filly 217．公驹（5岁以下）：colt 218．1-2岁的幼驹：yearling 219．2-4岁的马：futurity 220. 种马：stud horse 221. 骟马：castrated horse; gelding 222. 比赛用马：race horse; racer; bangtail; oat-burner 223. 盛装舞步马：dressage horse 224. 障碍赛用马：(show) jumper 225. 越野障碍赛用马：chaser; hunter 226. 球赛马：polo pony 227. 轻挽马：harness horse 228. 骑乘马：riding [saddle] horse; hackney; saddler 229. 体形：conformation; quality 230. 受衔姿势：collection 231. 特征：marking; peculiarity 232. 性格：disposition; temperament 233. 敏感性：responsiveness 234. 易惊的：shy; flighty; skittish 235. 见人受惊的：manshy 236. 易受惊的马：shyer 237. 驯服性：obedience; suppleness; acceptance to the bridle 238. 受衔的：light-mouthed 239. 不让装勒的：headshy 240. 不服马嚼子的马：puller 241. 易于驾驭的：light in hand 242. 难驾驭的：reative 243. 不驯从的：disobedient 244. 难驯的马：bucking bronco; outlaw 245. 弓背跳起（企图摔下骑手）：buck jump 246. 将骑手摔下来：throw [unseat] the rider 247. 马具：harness; tackle; horse gear 248. 口套；鼻笼：muzzle 249. 嚼子；口衔：bit 250. 马眼罩：blinders; blinkers; winkers 251. 头勒：halter; headstall 252. 顶革：headpiece; head strap 253. 低头革：martingale 254. 颊革：cheek piece [strap] 255. 颈革：neck strap 256. 鼻革：noseband 257. 马肚带：girth; cinch; surcingle 258. 缰绳：rein 259. 控制缰：checkrein 260. 鞍具：saddlery 261. 马鞍：saddle 262. 花式骑术马鞍：dressage saddle 263. 鞍座：seat 264. 前鞍桥：saddle bow; pommel 265. 后鞍桥：high bow; cantle 266. 鞍垫：saddle blanket [pad] 267. 鞍布：saddle cloth 268. 马刺：spur 269. 马镫：stirrup 270. 马蹄铁：horseshoe 271. 烙印：brand 272. 跑[赛]马场：(race) course; turf 273. 大跑马场：park 274. 马球场：polo field 275. 赛马跑道：race track; racing strip 276. 障碍赛马跑道：steeplechase course 277. 8字形障碍赛跑道：figure-of-eight track 278. 花式骑术赛场：arena for dressage competition 279. 赛前鞍具着装场：paddock 280. 准备活动区：warming-up area 281. 出发门：(starting) gate 282. 起跑位置：post position 283. 起跑线：starting line 284. 起跑屏障：barrier 285. 起跑柱：starting post 286. 终点线：finish line 287. 终点柱：finish post 288. 裁判台：judge box 289. 标志旗：marking flag 骑手装备 290. 骑装：jockey dress [suit]; riding costume 291. 女骑装：riding habit 292. 骑马裤：(riding) breeches; jodhpurs 293. 轻便鸭舌帽：jockey cap 294. 骑手手套：riding glove 295. 长[防护]手套：gauntlet 296. 马靴：riding [high] boot 297. 马鞭：(riding) whip; horsewhip; crop 298. 赛马鞭子：racing bat 饲养与调教 299. 养马场：breeding farm 300. 种马饲养场：stud(farm) 301. 马房[厩]：stable 302. 单间马房：stall; box 303. 牲口棚：shed 304. 草荐：litter 305. 饲料：fodder; forage 306. 饲槽：feed box; feeding trough 307. 刷马：curry 308. 马刷：body [horse] brush 309. 兽医检查：veterinary examination 310. 调教：break; school 311. 未经调教的马：unbroken horse; bronco 312. 经过调教的马：broken horse 313. 调教场：lunge; longe 314. 调教竿：rapping pole 315.halt：立定 316.pony：矮马 317.stallon ：公马 318.mare：母马 319.gelding：骟马 320.foal:马驹 321.colt：公驹 322.filly：母驹 320.siting trot：快步 321.rising trot：轻快步 322.Canter：跑步 323.袭步gollop 324.後退rein back 325.姿势position 326. 白星white star 327. 教练员instructor 328.唇白snip 330. 细流星stripe 331.广流星blaze 332. 比赛competition 333. 白脸white face 334.鞍垫numnah 335. 蹄冠白ermine 336. 调教索lunge rein 337. 球节白sock 338. 马靴boots 339. 管白stocking 340. 马裤breeches 341. 表色马grey 342. 调教笼头cavesson 344. 场地骑乘working on the flat 345. 骝毛马bay 346. 场障碍jumping 347. 银鬃palomino 348. 盛装舞步dressage 349. 金栗chestnut 350. 斜换里怀chang the flat 351.转一圈turn a circle 352. 兔褐dun 353. 脱蹬your feets out of the stirrups 354.断流星snip and star 355. 蛇形骑乘serpentingloops 356.项部poll 357. 马刺spurs 358. 冠状部颈上有鬃毛处crest 359. 鞭子whip 　 360. 耆甲withers　 361. 鞍具tack 362.水勒bridle 363.腰角lions 364.马鞍saddle 365.後腿（后三肌）quarters 366.缰绳reins 367.臀部croup 368.衔铁bit 369.马尾tail 370.咽喉革throatlash 371.唇（上、下）muzzli 372.顶革headpiece 373.肩point of shoulder 374.额革browband 375.胸brest 376.颊革cheek piece 377.肘（前）elbow 378.鼻革nose band 379.前臂forearm 380.膝knee 381.脚後跟向下heels down 382.球节（生距毛处）fetlock joint 383.飞结chestnut 384.半减却half halt 385胫部cannon bone 387.蹄冠coronet 388.内方inside 389.蹄hoof 390.外方outside 391.腰腹部（肚带部位）girth