高级中学英语时态讲解及其练习进步.doc

《高级中学英语时态讲解及其练习进步.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高级中学英语时态讲解及其练习进步.doc（34页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、.*时态的用法：1. 一般现在时(1) 一般现在时的形式a. 主语为第三人称单数，在原形动词后加-s或-es。b. be的变化：am, is, arec. have的变化；has, have(2) 一般现在时在高考中的基本用法详见下表的总结：具体用法经典例句(1) 表示现存的状态、情况I am a lawyer now. 我现在是一名律师。The coat is very cheap. 这件外套很便宜。Does he work hard? 他工作努力吗？(2) 表示过去、现在和将来都理应存在的客观事实或真理A plane is faster than a car. 飞机比汽车快。The lig

2、ht travels faster than the sound . 光的传播速度比声音快。3 plus 2 is 5. 三加二等于五(3) 表示现阶段经常性、反复性的活动He is always ready to help others. 他总是乐于助人。He gets up very early every morning. 他每天早上很早起床。（4）表示个人的某种性格或者能力My sister is shy.我的妹妹很害羞。Tom plays ping-pong well.汤姆乒乓球打得不错。(3) 一般现在时的特别用法详见下表的总结：具体用法经典例句(1) 一般现在时代替过去时表示过去

3、的用法在宾语从句中，尽管主句用过去时态，但如果从句所述内容是客观真理或经常性的动作，其谓语动词仍然用一般现在时。The teacher told her pupils that the sun rises in the east. 教师告诉她的学生们太阳从东方升起。叙述往事，使其生动。Napoleons army now advances and the great battle begins. 拿破仑的军队现在前进了，大战役开始了。表示“书上说”、“报纸上说”之意。The newspaper says that its going to be cold tomorrow. 报纸上说明天天气寒

4、冷。(2) 一般现在时代替进行时的用法在进行图片说明、电影说明、戏剧内容及场景解说时常用一般现在时。Scene I(Lucy and Miss Green are in the doctors room-a large, pleasant room with many books.) 第一幕(露西和格林小姐在医生的房间里，那里有很多书，宽敞而舒适)在某些习惯性表达法中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。Here comes the bus! 公交车开来了！How it rains! 雨下得好大啊！(3)一般现在时表示将来的用法表示已安排或计划好、将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态时，可用一般现

5、在时。用于这类句型常考的谓语动词包括be, come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin等。My birthday falls on April21, 我的生日是四月二十一日。The meeting is at 8:00 a. m.tomorrow. 会议明天上午八点开始。His ship leaves at 5：00 p. m. this afternoon, 他的船下午五点开航。Tomorrow we start for Shanghai. 明天我们启程去上海。在含有if、although、though、when、while、as soon as、等引导的条件

6、、让步、时间等状语从句的复合句中，从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作。If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the countryside. 如果明天天气好，我们将去乡村。We will try to finish the work in time although we are short of manpower.尽管缺乏人力我们还是要设法按时完成这项工作Shell go to see him as soon as she arrives. 她一到达就去看他。When you meet him, tell him to come to my room. 如果

7、你遇见他，叫他到我这儿来。1.（06 辽宁）The father as well as children _ every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going2.(06上海) Send my regards to your lovely wife when you _ home.A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write3.(08湖南) Do you have any problems if you _ this job? Well, Im thi

8、nking about the salary. A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offered4.(06辽宁) I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he _ home for dinner. A. come B. comes C. has come D. will come5. According to the time-table, th

9、e train for Shanghai _ at 7 oclock in the evening.A. leaves B. has left C. was left D. will leave6. (06四川) Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _ off at 18:20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken7. Galileo collected facts that proved the earth _ around the sun.A. moved B. moves C.

10、 has moved D. had moved8. Can I help you, sir? Yes, I bought this radio yesterday, but it _.A. didnt work B. wont work C. cant work D. doesnt work 9. (06浙江)This machine _. It hasnt worked for years. A. didn t work B. wasn t working C. doesn t workD. isn t working10. (06全国) The house belongs to my au

11、nt but she_ here any more. A. hasnt lived B. didnt live C. hadnt livedD. doesnt live11. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had12. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _evening dress. A. w

12、ear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn13. The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building_now. A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained14. The wet weather will continue tomorrow， when a cold front_to arrive.A. is expected B. is expecti

13、ng C. expects D. will be expected15. - Have you seen my e-mail about our TESL, project?- Yes. Luckily, I checked my e-mails yesterday. Normally, I_ my e-mail-box for days.Ahavent opened Bdidnt open Chadnt opened Ddont open16. He will come to see you the moment he_his work.A. will finish B. finishes

14、C. would finish D. had finished17. If their marketing plans succeed，they_their sales by 20 percent.A. will increase B. have been increasing C. have increased D. would be increasing18. Shall I call at your house at seven oclock tomorrow evening? I _ a walk in the park. So you wont find me at home the

15、n. A. shall be taking B. shall take C. will take D. am taking19. - Lets discuss the question raised last night, shall we?- There is no hurry for that. I_for a conference.A. headed B. was heading C. am heading D. have headed20. Once education is made free，many children who have dropped out of school_

16、. A. will come back B. came backC. have come back D. had come back21. - Ring me at six tomorrow morning, will you? - Why that early? I _ .A. will be sleeping B. have slept C. have been sleeping D. will sleep22. Is Tom still smoking? No. By next Saturday he _ for a whole month without smoking a singl

17、e cigarette.A. will go B. will have gone C. goes D. has been going23. - Look at these black clouds . It _ soon - Sure. If only we _ out. A .is raining, didnt come B. is to rain, wont start. C. will rain, havent startedD. is going to rain, hadnt come24. My money _. Id better go to the bank to draw so

18、me in case I _ none in hand.A. has run out; will have B. is running out; haveC. has been run out of; will have D. is running out of; have25. Sorry, I _ to buy the book you need for you. Never mind. _ it myself after school.A. forget; Id rather buy B. forgot; Ill buy C. forgot; Im going to buy D. for

19、get; Id better buy26. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking offC. has taken off D. took off27. By the time you arrive in London，we_in Europe for two weeks Ashall stay Bhave stayed Cwill have stayed Dhave been staying28. Why not come over at the w

20、eekend? The children_seeing you again Aenjoyed Bwill enjoy Cwould enjoy Dhave enjoyed29. We should get together next week. Sounds like a plan! I_ you a call.A. will give B. would give C. have given D. give30. I _ pingpong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year. A. will play B.

21、have played C. played D. play31. - _ leave at the end of this month. - I dont think you should do that until _ another job. A. I will; youve found B. Im going to ; youve found C. I will ; youd find D. Im going to ; youd find32. - How can I apply for an online course ？ - Just fill out this form and w

22、e _ what we can do for you. A. see B. are seeing C. have seen D. will see33. - What are you going to do this afternoon ? - I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _ quite early, so we _ to the bookstore after that. A. finished; are going B. finished; go C. finishes; are going D. finishe

23、s; go34. I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame35. Remember to send me a photo of us next time you _ to me. A. are writing B. will write C. has written D. write36. Because the shop _ , all the T-shirt are sold at

24、half price. A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down37. Do I have to take this medicine ? It _ so terrible. A. tastes B. is tasting C. is tasted D. has tasted38. - Would you like to tell me what our teacher said just now? - She said that light _ faster than sound.A. tr

25、avels B. traveled C. would travel D. was traveling39. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. wasB. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be2. 一般过去时(1) 一般过去时形式：a. be动词的形式变化。b. 助动词的形式变化。c. 情态动词的形式变化。d. 行为动词一律用过去时，没有人称和数的变化。(2) 一般过去时的用法A表过去的状态或动作，常带有过去时间状语以及由when等连词引导的状语从句。如：I rec

26、eived two letters from home last week.上周我收到了两封家信。They left an hour ago. 他们一小时前离开了。注意：常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：last year 去年just now 刚才in 2002 在2002年at that moment 在那时a few days ago 几天前in the old days 在过去的岁月里yesterday 昨天last night 昨天晚上at that time 当时the other day 前几天B. 过去的习惯动作，常与时间状语如every day, seldom, usually

27、等连用。如：We saw him from time to time. 过去我们时常看到他。Every morning I took a walk when I lived in the countryside. 我住在乡下时每天早上都散步。C在before和after引导的状语从句中，已经表明了时间的先后，所以可用过去时来代替过去完成时。如：He said nothing before he saw Mr. Smith.=He had said nothing before he saw Mr. Smith.看到史密斯先生之前，他什么话都没说。(3) 一般过去时用法5注意Ahave got+

28、名词，表示“有”，是have的口语用法。如：Ive got a problem. =I have a problem.我有一个难题。B used to+动词原形，也可表示过去的习惯动作而现在已经没有了。如：We used to spend our vacations in the mountains. 暗示现在没有在山区度假了。我们以前常常在山区度假。C would+动词原形，也可表示过去的习惯。如：My mother would go downtown when she was not busy.我妈妈以前不忙的时候，常到市中心去。D 过去时和ever, never连用，表示“过去的经验”。

29、如：Did you ever see a lion? 你曾见过狮子吗?She never heard such a beautiful song before.他以前不曾听过这么美的歌。E since从句一般用过去时You havent changed much since we last met.自从上次我们见面以来，你变化不大。Its three years since he went abroad. 他出国三年了。Its a long time since he was ill. 他病好了很长时间了。I havent found any job since I was out of wo

30、rk. 自我失业以来，我一直没有找到工作。3. 一般将来时(1). 一般将来时形式a. 第一人称 shall/will+动词原形b. 第二、三人称 will+动词原形c. be going+to dod. be+to doe. be about+to do(2). 一般将来时的用法a. 表示将来的动作或状态。如：You will get wet ii you go out without an umbrella.如果你出去不带伞，会淋湿的。We shall have a lot of rain next month.下个月将会下很多雨。注意：常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有：next time下

31、次 tomorrow 明天tomorrow evening明晚 before long 不久后in the future在将来 later(on)以后the day after tomorrow 后天this afternoon 今天下午 next year明年b. be going+to do. 表示打算在最近或将来要做某事。如：My brother is going to learn English next year.我哥哥准备明年学英语。He is going to stay a week. 他准备待一个星期。表示可能即将发生某事。如：I think it is going to sn

32、ow. 我看天要下雪。I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold.恐怕我要得重感冒。表示即将发生的情况或状态。如：I am going to be sixty-one next Tuesday.下周二我就61岁了。(3). 一般将来时用法4注意a. be going to表示事先经过考虑的打算，will多表示意愿、决心。如：Can somebody help me? 谁能帮我一下吗?I will. 我来。不能用be going tob. 如果表示意愿，will可以用于条件从句。如：If you will learn to play table tenni

33、s, Ill coach you,如果你想学打乒乓球，我可以当你的教练。c. be+to do这种结构表示职责、义务、意图、约定、可能性等。如：You are m be back by 10 oclock.你必须10点钟回来。We are to meet at the school gate.我们约定在校门口碰头。d. be about to do表示即将做某事。如：We are about to leave. 我们快走了。The meeting is about to start. 会议即将开始。注意：be about to do结构中不能接时间状语。be about to do 可用于 w

34、hen结构中。如：I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.=I was on the point of going to bed when the tale phone rang. 我刚要上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。巩固提升3例1. How can I apply for an online course?Just fill out this form and we _ what we can do for you.A. see B. are seeing C. have seen D. will see点拨：D 下划线处表示的行为是fi

35、ll out this form之后将要发生的行为，应选用表示一般将来时的will see。例2 Your job _ open for your return. Thanks.A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept点拨A 表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时，应排除选项C、D；又由于下划线处还必须表示出被动的含义，应进一步排除B而选A。现在进行时【No. 1】现在进行时的构成 现在进行时由be+v-ing构成。be应为助动词，初学者最容易漏掉，它应与主语的人称和数保持一致。 【No. 2】现在进行时的应用: 在实际运用时，

36、现在进行时常用以下几种情况： (1)当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。如： They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。 (2)以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。如： Listen！She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。 (3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。如： We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做

37、飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如： Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 【No. 3】现在进行时的变化 肯定句式：主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它. 否定句式：主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它. 一般疑问句：Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它？ 对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的

38、回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根据实际情况回答。a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you.b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.c. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。The leaves are turning red. Its getting war

39、mer and warmer.d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.典型例题 My dictionary _, I have looked for it everywhere but still_ it. A. has lost, dont find B. is missing, dont find C. has lost, havent found D. is missing, havent found. 答案D. 前句是一个仍

40、在持续的状态，应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。e现在进行时有时可以用来表示赞叹或厌烦的感情.例如: He is always causing trouble. 他总是惹麻烦. The Present Continuous Tense 现在进行时 现在进行时最容易出现错误的地方在动词的现在分词形式，我们在复习的时候要特别注意不规则动词的变化形式。 例如：swimming，beginning，putting，taking，buying, taking是take的ing形式,以e结尾要去e加ing. 动词现在分词动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加i

41、ng构成，其规则如下：（1）一般情况下直接加 think-thinking sleep-sleeping study-studying speak-speaking （2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加 ing wake-waking make-making come-coming take-taking leave-leaving have-having（3）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing die-dying lie-lying（4）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing stop-stopping sit-sitting

42、 run-running forget-forgetting begin-beginning注： 以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。初中学过的这类词有：begin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing如：travel-travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。二现在进行时练习一写出下列动词的现在分词 stand_ swim_ play_ watch_skate _ run_ sleep_ jump_ walk_ ride_ clean_ make_ wash_ do_ go_ listen_play _ come_ sing_ have_ write_ dance_ sit_ read_二用括号中动词的适当形式填空：1.Myparents