高级中学英语虚拟语气思维导图.doc

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1、 高中英语虚拟语气思维导图知识总表虚拟情况If条件句主句与现在事实相反If+主语+V过主语+（would; could; should; might）+V原与过去事实相反If+主语+had+ V过分主语+（would; could; should; might ）have +V过与将来事实可能相反If+主语+V过 Should+V原 Wereto+V原主语+（would; could; should; might）+V原例句：1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： 1If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） 2If

2、I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） 3If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 4If I had any money with me,I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱） 2.表示与过去事实相反的情况 1. If I had got there ea

3、rlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 （事实：去晚了） 2If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。 （事实：没有听我的话）3、表示对将来情况的主观推测 1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him. 如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小） 2If there were a heavy snow next Sunda

4、y,we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：不知能否下雪） 3If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。【典型例题】 1） If I had seen the movie, I _ you all about it now. A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told 2）If he _ my advice, he wo

5、uldnt have lost his job. (2010年湖南卷) A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 3）John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him. (2010年天津卷)A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told4） If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for

6、the meeting. (2010年陕西卷) A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken 5）The weather has been very hot and dry. Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _. (2010年北京卷) A. wouldnt die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died 例句：1. Were I Tom, I would ref

7、use. 如果我是汤姆，我会拒绝。 2. Should it be necessary, I would go. 假若有必要，我会去的。 3. Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。 4. We didnt know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. 我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。5. I was busy that day. Otherwise I would

8、 have come to help you. 我那天很忙。否则我会来帮你的。6. Without your help, we wouldnt have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我们不可能取得这么大的成绩。 7. But for your help,I would not have succeeded in the experiment. 如果没有你的帮助，我的实验就不会成功。 【典型例题】1）He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal. (2001年上海春季卷) A

9、. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored2） But for their help, we _ the program in time. (2009年安徽卷) A. can not finish B. will not finish C. had not finished D. could not have finished3）But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. (

10、2009年福建卷) A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 4） _it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu BridgeA. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will5）_the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it

11、 had not been for D. Were it not for6） _hard, he would have passed the examA. If he were to workB. Had he workedC. Should he work D. Were he to work7） _today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leaveB. If he had leftC. Did he to leaveD. Had he left8） Had you listened to the doctor, you _all r

12、ight nowA. areB. wereC. would be D. would have been9） Without electricity, human life _quite difficult todayA. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be10） But for water, it _impossible to live in the earthA. isB. wouldC. wereD. wouldnt be 1：necessary; strange; important; insist; suggest; order; nat

13、ural 2:一条建议：insist两道命令：order command三条建议：suggest advise propose 四点要求：demand require desire ask .3.insistence suggestion order proposal demand例句：1. He insists he is a student. 他坚持说他是个学生2. His face suggests that he looks worried . 他的表情暗含着他很担心。 3. It is strange that such a person should be our friend.

14、奇怪的是这样一个人会成为我们的朋友。4. We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing. 他建议我们到北京旅游观光,我们都同意了。 5. My advice is that he (should) exercise first. 我的建议是他应该先做练习。 6. It is suggested that you (should) spend more time in English. 你应该花更多的时间学习英语。 7. She examined the door again for

15、fear that a thief (should) come in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。 8. He started out earlier lest he (should) be late. 他早早的就出发了以防迟到【典型例题】1）Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination. (1994年上海卷) A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had D. was; ha

16、s 2）Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss) (2010年湖北卷) 【解析】 动词insist引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,从句结构是(should) +动词原形,主语problem是“被讨论”,故使用被动形式,故答案为(should) be discussed。3） I insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing _ wrong with him A. on him to go; should

17、be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is4） I suggested the person _ to be put into prisonA. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer5） Mikes father, as well as his mother, insisted he _homeA. stayedB. could stay C. has stayedD. stay6） She insisted that a doctor _ immediatelyA. had sent fo

18、rB. sendC. be sent forD. was sent7） The chairman insisted that we _the question againA. will discussB. to discussC. should discussD. will be discussed8） He requested that the students _them get in cropsA. helpB. to helpC. helpedD. helping9） The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _the rulesA.

19、obeysB. ObeyC. will obeyD. would obey10） It is strange that he _back so earlyA. came B. will comeC. had comeD. should have come11） Mother suggested that I _my homework first before watching TVA. did B. doC. shall doD. have done12） My suggestion is that the meeting _off till nest SundayA. be putB. pu

20、tC. should putD. had been put13） The teacher demanded that the exam _ before elevenA. must finishB. would be finishedC. be finishedD. must be finished例句：1. I wish I had your brains. 我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实：我根本比不上你) 2. I wish I had known the truth of the matter. 我希望我那时就知道这件事情的真相。（事实：那时还不知道）3. I wish I should

21、 have a chance again. 我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）【典型例题】1）How I wish every family _b_ a large house with a beautiful garden! (2002年上海春季卷) A. has B. had C. will have D. had had2）Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _d_ yesterday. (2006年全国卷I) A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. hap

22、pened3）Look at the trouble I am in! If only I c_ your advice. (2003年上海春季卷) A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow4）If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie5） How I wish every family _a large house wit

23、h a beautiful garden.A. has B. had C. will have D. had had6）If only I _my carA. hadnt lostB. wouldnt loseC. didnt loseD. havent lost7）I wish I _here thenA. wasB. had beenC. wereD. would be8）How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worseA. had triedB. hadnt triedC. have triedD. didnt try例句：

24、1）Id rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。 2）Id rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿。 3）Wed rather you went here tomorrow. 我们倒想你明天去那儿 4）I would rather you went next Sunday.我情愿你下周日走。 5）I would rather you hadnt done that. 我真希望你没做那件事。【典型例题】1）George is going to talk about the geography o

25、f his country, but Id rather he _ more on its culture. (2010年江苏卷) A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused2）-Your aunt invites you to the movies today-I had rather she _ me tomorrow than today A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told3）-Did you scold him for his carelessness-Yes, but _itA.

26、 Id rather not doB. Id rather not have doneC. I shouldt doD. Id better not do4）I would rather you _anything about it for the time beingA. doB. didnt doC. dontD. didnt5）I would rather you _at onceA. leave B. will leave C. left D. should leaveIts high time that he went / should go to bed. 到了他该上床睡觉的时候了

27、。【典型例题】1）It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problemA. holdB. heldC. have heldD. had held2）It is high time you _ to schoolA. will go B. would go C. went D. had gone练习题1. If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should

28、 lie2. How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A. has B. had C. will have D. had had3. You did not let me drive. If we _in turn, you _ so tired A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt getC. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven ; wouldnt have got4. _it rain tomorrow, we would

29、have to put off the visit to the Yangpu BridgeA. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will5. I suggested the person _ to be put into prisonA. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken7. I

30、insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing _ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; beC. he go; was D. he should to; is8. -Your aunt invites you to the movies today-I had rather she _ me tomorrow than todayA. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told名题精练9. -Would you have called

31、 her up had it been possible-Yes, but I _busy doing my homeworkA. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I _ the sports meetA. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 11. _the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky ea

32、silyA. Had it not been for B. If it were notC. If it had not been for D. Were it not for12. If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from goingA. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would preventC. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented 13. _hard, he would have passed the examA. If he we

33、re to work B. Had he workedC. Should he work D. Were he to work14. _today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leave B. If he had leftC. Did he to leave D. Had he left15. Had you listened to the doctor, you _all right nowA. are B. were C. would be D. would have been16. I did not see your siste

34、r at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brotherA. has come B. did come C. come D. had come17. He _busy yesterday, or he _you with your experiment.A. was, had helped B. was, would have helpedC. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped18. If it _for the snow, we_ the mountain y

35、esterdayA. were not, could have climb B. were not, could climbC. had not been, could have climbed D. hadnt been, could climb 19. Without electricity, human life _quite difficult todayA. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be20. -I am going to tell her the news-I would as soon you _her about it

36、 A. didnt tell B. dont tell C. hadnt tell D. wont tell21. Mikes father, as well as his mother, insisted he _homeA. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay22. It was requested that the play _againA. should put on B. would put onC. be put on D. put on23. She insisted that a doctor _ immediatelyA. h

37、ad sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent24. -Did you scold him for his carelessness-Yes, but _itA. Id rather not do B. Id rather not have doneC. I should t do D. Id better not do25. If only I _my carA. hadnt lost B. wouldnt loseC. didnt lose D. havent lost26. But for water, it _impossible to l

38、ive in the earthA. is B. would C. were D. wouldnt be27. I would rather you _anything about it for the time beingA. do B. didnt do C. dont D. didnt28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he _ their own sonA. is B. were C. had been D. should be29. How the old people wish that

39、they _young once moreA. were B. could become C. had been D. should be30. It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problemA. hold B. held C. have held D. had held31. The thief closed his eyes _ he _dyingA. even if , was B. though, would beC. even, had been D. as if, were32. I wish that you

40、 _ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concertA. had not B. did not have had C. hadnt had D. hadnt have33. The chairman insisted that we _the question againA. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss D. will be discussed 34. He requested that the students _them

41、get in cropsA. help B. to help C. helped D. helping35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _the rulesA. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey36. I wish I _here thenA. was B. had been C. were D. would be37. It is strange that he _back so earlyA. came B. will come C. had come D. should ha

42、ve come38. Mother suggested that I _my homework first before watching TVA. did B. do C. shall do D. have done39. My suggestion is that the meeting _off till nest SundayA. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put40. He is talking so much about America as if he _ thereA. had been B. has been C. was

43、 D. been41. The teacher demanded that the exam _ before elevenA. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished42. -Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to-Dont call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and _ you forget it!A. do B. didnt C. did D. dont43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro.

44、 Jackson. I _ but I _ all this morningA. would, have washed B. could, have been washingC. would have, have been washing D. could have, had washing44. How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worseA. had tried B. hadnt tried C. have tried D. didnt try45. -How could I thank you enough? -Dont mention it. Any other man