（整理版高中英语）高三英语名校试题巨献（学生）.doc

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1、高三英语名校试题巨献学生版第6 讲 动词及动词短语 解题指导12.5-6动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词之一，在历年高考题中所占比例也最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。要求考生构建以下比较完整的知识网络。根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类：1.行为动词实义动词及物动词：带宾语的动词不及物动词：不带宾语的动词状态动词相对静止：contain, exist, own, prefer, belong动作动词：延续性work, stay；非延续性marry, go, come表示人或事物的特征

2、和状态：be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound表示状态的变化：turn, go, become, get, fall, grow表示某种状态的延续或持续：remain, keep, stay3.助动词与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语：be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall4.情态动词：can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)等等She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有

3、还在亮着的灯。如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。She gave them away.她送掉了它们。同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上有很大的差异。ring back回 , ring off挂断 , ring up打 put away放好, put on穿，上演, put up挂起，举起。2.动词+介词(及物)Im looking for my glasses.我在找我的眼镜。注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上有很大的差异。look after照料，look at看，look for寻找3.动词+副词+介词I look forward to s

4、eeing you soon. 我盼望不久就见到你。注意：“动词+介词、“动词+名词+副词、“动词+副词+介词，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after. (不能漏掉after)这样一来，粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。4.意义不同，但容易混淆的动词及短语动词的辨析。5.某些常用动词及短语动词习惯用法的辨析。动词及短语动词词义辨析要靠考生的日积月累，考生才能在高考中应付自如。IV.动词和短语动词的常见辨析方法一从语法搭配、习惯用法上进行辨析已经做了2.接宾语或宾补主补，形

5、式有不同某些动词如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补主补时，宾补主补要用不定式。We forbid smoking here.宾语，用动名词We forbid you to smoke here.宾补，用动词不定式You are forbidden to smoke here.主补，用动词不定式“被动意义的动词有些动词sell,open,close,wash,teach,burn,measure,cut,lock,cost,read,write,tear,wear,pull, clean,add,cook等

6、，它们的主语是事物，且又是表示主语的固有特征和状态，与行为方式状语连用时，要用主动形式表被动意义：My pen writes smoothly.我的笔好写。Oil burns easily.油易燃烧。5.意义上根本相同，但是在用法上习惯搭配上有不同之处的词buy/cost/pay/spend/take都可以指花钱买东西；spend/take都可指花时间；但是它们在用法、习惯搭配上有较大的区别。以上句子所表达的意思根本相同：他花了36，000法郎买了这只手表。二从组成形式和它们的恰切含义上辨析词汇间的微小差异对我们来说既是重点又是难点。要从词义的内涵和外延上进行辨析。如有无介词for，意义不同：

7、answer答复/answer for对负责、归还常见的还有：search对人、物或场所搜查/search for搜寻人、物或场所leave离开某地/leave for去某地 reach到达；拿到/reach for伸手去拿defend 指采用方法消除存在的危险或击退正在进行的攻击。protect 指使用某种遮盖或外力，外物防御可能的伤害或毁坏。guard 指小心警惕，防止实际存在的或可能发生的危险。They raised a large army to defend the country.他们招募了一支庞大的军队来保卫这个国家的平安。The entrance to the palace w

8、ere well guarded.进宫殿的入口处门卫把守得很严。Clothing is worn to protect us from cold. 穿衣服是为了御寒。动作结果不同型：动作动词和结果动词: 英语中有些动词虽然意义相同，但用法不同，有的表示某个动作，而另一个那么表示该动作所产生的结果。advise劝说/persuade劝服I advised him but I couldnt persuade him. 我劝过他，但未能劝服他。这类常见的动词还有：look for寻找/find找到look看/see看见listen听/hear听到try试 图，不说明是否成功/manage设法，侧重

9、做到动作状态不同型：begin开映：动作非延续性/be on开映：状态延续性The film began at 5 oclock and has been on for half an hour.电影5点开映，已开映半小时了。客观主观不同型：receive客观上：收到/accept主观上：受到I received her present but I didnt accept it.我收到了她的礼物，但没有接受。直接间接不同型：hear直接：听/hear of间接：听说I heard him singing. 我听到她在唱歌。I have heard of him.我听说过他的有关情况。add

10、to 增添add up 加起来add up to 加起来达,合计达adaptto使适应adjustto使适应agree with同意某人意见接sb.或idea, view等；适应；与一致agree to (ones plan/ proposal) 同意某人的方案或提议answer for对负责apply for申请，请求appeal for恳求，呼吁attachto将系在.，使隶属/附属于，将缚在approve of赞成apologize to sb for sth因向某人抱歉be absorbed in埋头于，专心于be accustomed to(=get used to=be used

11、to)习惯于be addicted to沉迷于/沉溺于，迷恋be admitted to/into获准进入，被录取be annoyed with sb. at/about sth2.以break为中心的词组break away from脱离，逃离，打破break down vt.破坏,粉碎,瓦解；vi.出故障，抛锚；衰弱break in闯进，打断；使顺服break into闯入；强行进入；突然开始build on / upon 建立在上，依赖，指望build up 增加，增进，建成，振兴burst为中心的词组burst forth 爆发，喷出，突然出现burst in 闯进，突然出现burst

12、 into闯进，突然起来，突然发出burst into tears/laughter嚎啕大哭/放声大笑burst out 迸发，爆发，突然发出，大声叫喊burst out crying / laughing嚎啕大哭/放声大笑 bring为中心的词组bring about导致，引起，促使bring back 带回，使回忆，使恢复bring down 使下降，浓缩，收缩，击落bring forth开花,结果，发表，提出bring forward 提出bring into action 使行动起来，使生效bring into effect/practice 完成，实现，实施，bring out 拿出

13、，公布，发表，出版，生产bring through 治愈，使度过困难/危险时期bring to mind 使想起，回忆起bring up 抚养，养育，培养，使停止ll为中心的词组call at 访问某地，停泊在call away 叫走，把注意力转移开call for 需要，要求，接某人，call in 召集，收集，请入，引入call off 取消，下令停止call on 拜访某人，号召call out 大声喊，唤起call up 打 给; 召集; 使想起rry为中心的词组carry about 随身携带carry away 冲走，带走，冲昏某人头脑carry back 拿回，运回，使想起car

14、ryinto effect/practice 执行,实行,实现,完成carry off 带走，夺去的生命，获得奖品carry on 坚持，继续，进行be caught in the traffic遭遇交通阻塞catch onesword听懂某人的话catch sight of发现，瞥见catch sbs attention引起某人注意catch the point of 抓住的要点lear为中心的词组clear away 扫除，消除clear off 去除，清理，云雾消散，雨停clear out 去除，扫出clear up天变晴；清扫，消除come into being发生，产生，出现，形成c

15、ome into power开始执政，当权，中选come into effect/ force开始生效，开始实行come into existence形成，产生，开始存在come into fashion开始流行come into operation开始运转，实施，生效come into use开始使用，获得应用come round/around 拜访，绕道come to苏醒,复原,共计,到达,归结于,渐渐，说到/提及到come to an agreement 达成协议come to a conclusion 得出结论come to a decision 作出决定come to an end终

16、止，结束come to a stop 结束，停止，停顿，come to an understanding 取得谅解when it comes to就而论，谈到come to know/realize/understand开始了解到/意识到/明白come to life 苏醒，栩栩如生come to light 明朗化，出现，显露出来come to oneself苏醒come true实现，成为现实；证实come up走近；上楼；流行起来；发芽,上来；问题被提出；风浪猛烈起来compare为中心的词组be compared to 被比作，与相比be compared with与相比beyond

17、/without compare 无可比较的,无法比较的compare notes with和交换意见/核对笔记compare to把.比作，把与相比compare with把与相比devote为中心的词组be devoted to 奉献给，致力于devote ones attention to 专心于devote oneself/ones life to 献身于，致力于devote to献身于，专心于divide为中心的词组be divided by被除be divided on对于有分歧divide sth. among / between在之间分配divide A from B 把A同B

18、分开divideinto 把分成divide up 分割，瓜分，划分，分配do a good deed做一件好事do the deed 付诸行动，生效do away with去掉，废除；弄死；浪费do /cause damage to 损害do good to (=do sb. good)有益于do harm to (=do sb. harm)有害于do wrong to (=do sb. wrong)冤枉某人do ones best / utmost尽某人最大努力do sb. a favor /do a favor for sb. 帮助某人do up 捆，扎，系，扣，收拾，刷新do with

19、忍受，处理比照：deal withdo without不需要也行，不用fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默fall back撤退，后退fall behind 落后，落伍，落在后面fall down 倒下，落下，掉下，病倒，失败fall in love with爱上某人fall into a habit of 养成习惯fall off 掉下，衰退，减少fall to pieces 破碎，崩溃，瓦解fall into ruins 成为废墟fix为中心的词组fix a date / time for为安排日期/时间fix up 修理，安装，安排，建造，提供fix on

20、/ upon 确定，决定fix ones eyes on/upon 注视，凝视fix ones attention on/upon专心于,把注意力集中在get about徘徊，走动，旅行；流传get accustomed to习惯于，对习以为常get across度过，通过，横过；说服，使被理解get ahead of胜过，超过get along前进，进步；同意；离去，相处get along with与相处get around 走动，传播，影响，说服get away离开，逃脱，出发，开始度假get back取回，回来；报复get close to 接近，靠近get through拨通，到达，完

21、成，通过；及格get together 积聚，积累；商谈，取得一致意见give away赠送；牺牲；泄露；颁发give back归还，反射give forth发出，放出；发表give in屈服，让步，投降give off发出烟，气味give out vt.分发,公布,发出,使筋疲力尽 vi.用完give rise to引起，导致；使发生give up放弃；停止give way to让步，退却；屈服于given that假定，给定，go ahead 前进，进展，继续go all about 鼓足干劲，全力以赴go along with 陪伴，和一道走go back to 追溯至go bad 变坏

22、，腐败go beyond 超过，胜过go by 经过，过去go down 下降，漂浮，垮台，风等平静go for 支持，赞成，适用于，去取，拿go in for 喜欢,参加，赞成，从事, 为而努力go into 进入，参加，调查，从事，深入研究go off 走开，爆炸go on 继续，接下去go on to do 接着做另一件事go on doing 继续做同一件事go on with继续做，忍受go out 出去，熄灭，离开，下台，退休go over 温习，检查，越过go through 审查，履行，通过，经历，忍受go up 上升，上涨，攀登go without 无需，没有也行go wro

23、ng 出故障，走错路hold back 隐瞒，阻止，克制，扣留hold to / by 坚持，固守hold down 压制，压低，缩减hold off 耽误，不接近，离开hold out 伸出，提出，支持，主张hold up 举起，竖起，支持，使停滞hold with 和意见一致，赞成keep为中心的词组keep away (from) 不接近，避开，远离keep back 阻止，扣留，隐瞒keep company with和结交keep from阻止keep in mind 记住keep in touch with与保持联系/不断接触keep off 不接近，远离keep on doing

24、继续，不停地做keep ones balance 保持平衡keep out 使不入内keep pace with跟上，同步调一致keep up 继续，坚持，保持，维持keep up with赶上，跟上 ，与并肩前进keep watch 守望，值班，注意ay为中心的词组lay aside 把.放在一边，抛弃，贮藏lay down 放下，使躺下，放弃，牺牲lay off 暂时解雇，放弃，停止lay out 花费，投资，不置，打昏leave为中心的词组leave about乱放，乱丢leave alone 听任，任其自然leaveas it is.听其自然leave behind 留下，忘记携带le

25、ave for 离开某地去某地leave out 省去，遗漏，不把计算在内leave off 停止，脱去，戒除leave office 离职，下台leave over 留下，剩下，延期leave room for 为让出地方leave school 毕业leave sth, to / with sb把交给/留给某人.leave sb, sth. 把交给/留给某人leave word / a message 留言，留信look about四下环顾；查看look after照顾，看管look around东张西望look back on / upon 回忆look down on /upon俯视；

26、轻视look forward to盼望，期待look into窥视；调查；浏览look on /upon旁观；面向look on / upon as把看作look out向外看；注意；留神，提防look over从上面看过去；检查，忽略look through透过看去；看穿；浏览，彻底调查look to 面向，注意look up 查阅，仰视，涨价look up to仰望，尊敬be made from由原料制成be made (out) of由材料制成be made up of由组成make an appointment with sb.与约定make a difference 有差异，有关系，

27、很重要make a fool of愚弄，欺骗make a point 阐述观点make a point of doing强调；决心，坚持make a will 立下遗嘱make advantages/use of使用，利用make believe假装make preparations for为作准备make the best/ most of尽量利用；极为重视make up弥补,修理,赔偿,起草,编造,化装,配制,占比例make up to 接近，巴结；向求爱make way for 为让路，让路于make it 就这么定了，成功，到达某一特定目标, 赶到。et为中心的词组meet the n

28、eed/demand/requirement of满足需要meet with 偶然碰见，遭受，meetby chance/accident偶然碰见make ends meet 使收支相抵owe为中心的词组owe to把归功于，把归因于，owe much to 多亏了，在很大程度上归功于owe it tothat归功于，幸亏owe sb. sth. (=owe sth. to sb.)欠某人pick为中心的词组pick ones words精选用词pick out 挑出，区分出pick up 接(某人),接收，获得，搭载，收拾，恢复，爬起，捡起，学会，认识 pick up with结识，与交朋友

29、put aside 把放在一边；搁置；排除put away 把放好，把收拾；储藏；put back 把放回原处；拨回put down 放下；镇压；记下；削减；降落put an end to 结束，终止，废除put forward 提出；拨快；建议，推荐；提倡，put in 驶入，进入put(down) in writing 把写下来 put into把放入；插入；翻译成putinto use应用putinto practice把付诸于实践putinto action把付诸于实践，实施，使生效putinto effect把.付诸于实践，实施，使生效putinto operation 将投入生产，

30、实施，开动putinto production将投产，开始生产put off 推迟，延期；消除；推脱，脱下 put on上演,穿上,戴上,增加,拨快(钟表),推荐put ones heart into 全神贯注，专心致志put out 熄灭，伸出，拿出，制造，刺杀put through 完成， 用语拨通，使穿过put up 举起，挂起；提名，推荐；陈列put up with 忍受，容忍refer 为中心的词组refer to 指，提及，参考，查阅be referred to 和有关,归功于,被提交处理refer oneself to依赖，求助于refer toas把称做，认为是see为中心的词

31、组see after 照料，照顾see into 识透，调查see out 送某人到门口/屋外，see off送行see through 看透，识破，支持某人到底see to 照顾，处理，注意see to it that照料，努力使，注意把seeing that因为，鉴于，既然send为中心的词组send away 解雇，赶走，把送往远处send down 把向下发送,开除,降低价格，温度send for 派人去叫/请/拿send off 发出，寄出，解雇，送别send out 发出，散发，长出树叶等send up 发射，使上升，向上传递send word 通知，转告，捎信36以set为中心的

32、词组be set in 以为背景set aboutdoing着手，开始set an example to sb.给某人树立个典范set aside 取消，放在一边，放弃，无视，拒绝set back 把钟表往回拨set down 放下，卸下，登记，记载set fire to (= seton fire) 放火烧毁set free 释放某人set off vi.出发 vt.使爆炸，拨出钱等set out vi.出发 vt.开始，着手(to do)，布置 set up 建立，设立，开办，引起疾病等take a chance / an opportunity碰运气,抓时机take a seat就坐ta

33、ke a shower淋浴，洗澡take advantage of 利用，乘之便take after 仿效，与相似，长得像take aim瞄准，设立目标take away拿走，减去；夺去take back收回，取消take by surprise出奇制胜,突袭take sb.by surprise 使惊讶take care to do 务必做，留心做take for/as把当作take charge of负责，主管take down 取下，记下，占领，拆毁，病倒take effect 生效，起作用take for example 以为例take for granted 认为理所当然 take

34、in 吸收，接纳，欺骗，轻信，领会takeinto account / consideration 考虑，重视take ones place就坐，入坐，代替take ones timeto do 慢慢做take out 拿出，取出，去除，取得专利权take over 接管，接任，接收take possession of 占有，拥有take the place of代替take the shape of 呈/取的形状take the size of 量的尺寸take pride in以为荣，对骄傲takeseriously/calmly严肃认真/冷静沉着地对待take sb. by the ar

35、m拉某人的胳膊take sb.in ones arms 拥抱某人take turns(to do) 轮流做take up for 袒护take up with 致力于，忍受，对发生兴趣think为中心的词组think about 考虑think aloud 自言自语think highly / well/much/a lot of对评价很高think little/ill/nothing of 轻视，看不起think of 想，想着，想做think of as把看作think out 仔细考虑，想通think over仔细考虑think through想通think to oneself 沉思

36、，暗自想think up 想出，想通，想起turn against背叛，采取敌对态度turn back 折回，往回走turn down 折叠，翻下，驳回，拒绝考虑turn into 走进；变成，变为turn to for help 求助于turn off 关上,解雇，避开问题turn on 翻开；反对；依靠，依赖，取决于turn ones attention to把注意力转向 turn out 培养；证明是；制成；实际情况是turn out to be 原来是，证明是，结果是turn over a new leaf翻开新的一页, 改正自新turn (a)round 旋转，转过身来；改变意见；t

37、urn to 变成；着手于turn upside down 颠倒过来，翻过来watch为中心的词组keep (a) watch 守望，值班，留心watch ones time /opportunity 等待时机watch out (for)留神，监视，注意，提防watch over 查看，监视，看守watch ones weight 留心体重watch ones step 留神，留心When his brother was to cross the street, he was knocked down by a truck and badly _。A. injured B damaged C

38、. harmed D. destroyed 考点二、动词的固定搭配Iit as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.A. makeB. look C. take D. thinkHer shoesher dress; they look very well together.A. suit B. fit C. compare D. match With modern equipment, many myst

39、eries have _ to light in recent years.A. bought B. come C. thrown D. appeared The card reads: “Dear Mom and Dad, they are _ everyone write home. Love, Joey.A. advising B. suggesting C. letting D. making 考点三、连系动词的辨析The effect of the medicine on this kind of disease remains_. A. seen B. to be seen C.

40、seeing D. to see On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _pale.A. got B. changed C. went D. appearedIt was already past midnight and only three young men _in the tea house.A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted考点四、不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析The present situation is very complex, so I think

41、it will take me some time toits reality.A. make up B. figure out C. look throughD. put offIts going to rain. Xiao Feng, will you please help me_ the clothes on the line?A. get off B. get back C. get inD. get onIn modern times, people have to learn toall kinds of pressure although they are leading a

42、comfortable life.A. keep with B. stay with C. meet with D. live with_a moment and I will go to your rescue.A. Go onB. Hold on C. Move on D. Carry on考点七、动词+副词+介词短语的辨析Have you_ some new ideas?Yeah. Ill tell you later. A. come aboutB. come intoC. come up withD. come out with考点八、动词+名词+介词短语的辨析The media c

43、an often help solve problems and draw attention _ situations _ help is needed.A. in; that B. to; which C. in; where D. to; where 名校模拟试题汇编训练15分钟1.【省临川一中高三6月信息卷】27. Its already10 oclock. I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up.2.【高考最后一卷】34. In their book, the two writers some advice on avoiding Internet addiction.A. put on B. put off C. put forward D. put out3.【省一中高三第十次月考】23、I was completely by the girls sad story, and she turned out a cheater.Ataken on Bt