（整理版高中英语）Unit1Theworldofoursenses.doc

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1、Unit 1 The world of our senses. 【重点词汇讲解】1sensen. 官能, 感觉, 判断力, 见识,感, 意义, 理性 The word “matter has many senses.matter这个词有许多意思。 A dog has a keen sense of smell.狗有灵敏的嗅觉。 When you touch ice, you have a sense of coldness.你触摸冰时，会有冷的感觉。 He suddenly had a sense that someone was standing behind him.突然他有一种有人站在他

2、背后的感觉。 Mother has good sense.妈妈有很好的判断力。 Now you are talking sense.现在你说的还合情理。 The fresh air made her come to her senses again.新鲜的空气使她又清醒过来。vt. 作动词讲时+名或代; +从句感觉到；觉察，意识到 The horse sensed danger and stopped.那匹马意识到有危险，停了下来。 She sensed what her teacher was thinking.2observe vt. 看到；注意到 Did you observe anyt

3、hing suspicious?你注意值得疑心的情况了吗/ The policeman observed the man open the window (trying to force the lock of the door.)那个警观察到那个人翻开窗户企图弄开门锁。 They were observed to enter (entering) the bank.他们被注意到进了银行。 We observed that it had turned sunny.我们看到天已转晴。 vi. 注意；观察 He observes keenly but says little.他注意观察但很少讲话。

4、 He observed that feathers fell to the ground slowly, while stones fell much faster. 他观察到羽毛落地缓慢，而石头降落得快得多。 I have little to observe on what has been said. 关于刚刚所听到的我没什么好讲。 派生 observable a.值得注意的；观察得到的observation n.注意；观察；言论observer n.注视者；观察者；遵守者3sight n. 情景；风景；目光；视力；看到；视野 She lost her sight in an accid

5、ent.她在一次事故中失明了。 Keep out of my sight!别让我再看见你！ Out of sight，out of mind. 离久那么情疏。眼不见心不烦。 The sight affected her to tears. 此情景使她感动得流泪。 The city is already within sight. (=can be seen already) 城市已经望得见了。(在视野之中)作“风景讲时常用复数。如： The sunset was a beautiful sight.日落是很美丽的景象。 John enjoyed seeing the sights of the

6、 West Lake.约翰很喜欢欣赏西湖风景。搭配 have long/far sight 远视have short/near sight 近视have good/poor sight 视力好/差have ones sight tested 视力检查in sight 可看得见的，在视线内out of sight 看不见的，在视程之外catch/have /get sight of 突然瞥见at the sight of 一看见就burst into sight / view 突然出现at first sight 乍一看，第一眼。辨析sight, scenery, view, scenesigh

7、t指“景色是可数名词时，往往指眼见的景色，如供人游览的“景和“名胜，但尤指人工制成的景。One of the beautiful sights is the castle. 那城堡是美景中的一个。scenery是个不可数名词，含不管是否映入眼帘的风景。The road passes through the most charming scenery.这条大路穿过极为迷人的风景区。view和scene所表达的景色都是scenery中的一局部，往往指自然景色。如： Do you enjoy the ten famous views of the West Lake?你喜欢西湖十景吗？ There

8、is a lovely view from this window.从这个窗子可以看到一片秀丽的景色。 There is a happy scene of children playing in the garden.孩子们在花园里玩耍，好一派欢乐的景象。另外，scene还可指舞台的场景。4rough adj. 粗糙的，不平的 have a rough time 日子艰难。 My hands are rough with work. 我的手由于劳动很粗糙。 The road is very rough. 路非常不平。 His manners are rough , but he is a ki

9、nd man 他虽然举止粗鲁，但内心善良。5fearn. 害怕，恐惧 She turned pale with sudden fear. 她由于突然的恐惧脸都白了。 There was a look of fear in his eyes, such as people have when they are suddenly awakened.他眼中露出一种人们突然被叫醒时产生的恐惧神情。 He appeared calm, but inside his heart was beating wildly with fear.他外表镇静，内心却因害怕而心慌意乱。 There is no fear

10、 of his losing his way. 他不会迷路的。 I have a fear that we will be late. = Im afraid we will be late.恐怕我们要迟到了。v. 害怕, 畏惧, 为担忧, 敬畏(神等) I fear that I am late. = Im afraid that I am late.我担忧迟到了。 Pure gold fears no fire.真金不怕火炼。 I fear to speak in public.我害怕在公共场合讲话。 She feared for the little boys safety. 她担忧这个

11、小男孩的平安问题。测试要点 1用于简略答复中。 Is she going to die ? I fear so. 恐怕如此。 Will he get well? I fear not. 恐怕不会好了。 2for fear (that) 由于害怕，生怕，以免。后跟的从句中用情态动词 might , would , should。I took an umbrella with me for fear (that) it should rain. 我因为怕下雨而带雨伞去。 with fear 害怕地shake with fear 吓得直哆嗦同义词 fright 突然的惊吓dread 恐怖感更为强烈t

12、error 令人毛骨悚然的恐怖horror 恐怖；战栗6starestare 作及物、不及物动词和名词用，意思是“凝视，盯着，瞪着，含有look at sb. / sth. with wide-open eyes for a long time. It is rude to stare at a foreigner.盯着陌生人看是不礼貌的。 She was staring out of the windows, thinking.她凝视着窗外，沉思着。 She gave me an icy stare.她冷冷的地瞪了我一眼。测试要点1stare sb. up and down 上下打量着某人

13、= look / stare sb. in the faceAfter I knocked at the door, the door opened and a boy appeared. He stared me up and down. 我敲了几下门，门开了出来了一个男孩，他上下打量了我一番。2stare at 是“凝视，盯着看，glare at 是“怒视。stare sb. into 瞪某人使其。 She stared her children into silence.她瞪着她的孩子让他们安静。 The policeman stared at the thief.警察盯着小偷看。 Sh

14、e rose ,glaring at the rude waiter.她站了起来，怒视着这个粗鲁的侍者。stare straight at = look in a fixed way 盯着The lion turned its face and stared straight at Mrs Cousins.狮子转过头盯着卡森斯太太。辨析stare at/gaze at /glare atstare (at sb. / sth.): look (at sb. / sth.) with the eyes wide open对某人/ 某物瞪着眼睛凝视，盯着看。gaze (at sb. / sth.)

15、: look long and steadily (at sb. / sth.) in surprise or admiration 久久地凝视，注视glare (at sb. / sth.): stare angrily or fiercely 怒目而视。7firmly adv. 坚决地, 稳固地 We firmly support them. 我们坚决支持他们。 As I expressed to him my thanks, he held my hand firmly, looked into my eyes 当我向他致谢时，他紧紧握住我的手，盯着我的眼睛释疑句中 firmly 不能用

16、firm ，但可以用stand firm , 站得稳。hold firm 固守。firm / firmly 巩固地；坚实地；牢牢地。 I was holding firm to the saddle. 我牢牢地抓住马鞍。 They firmly support us. 他们坚决地支持我们。 Looking back upon our achievements, we are firmly convinced that we shall be able to achieve even greater victories. 回忆我们所取得的成就，我们坚信将能取得更大的胜利。8rare adj. 稀

17、罕的, 杰出的, 珍贵的, (肉类)半熟的同unusual 反common Would you like it rare, medium , or well-done ? 您喜欢做得嫩一点，中等程度还是老一点 ？ I shall never forget finding that rare stamp on an ordinary envelope. 我永远也忘不了在一个普通信封上发现了那枚珍贵的邮票。 Deer of this kind are very rare.这种鹿非常罕见。9reduce v.及物动词缩减，减轻：减少，如在范围、数量上或程度上减少They seek to reduce

18、 waste, protect the earth.他们设法减少废物，保护地球。a.reduceto降低到；使成为 Enemy bombers reduced the city to rubble.敌人的轰炸机把城市夷为平地 His speech reduced us to silence.他的演讲使我们安静了下来。 His words reduce everyone there to tears.他的话语使在场的每一个人都潸然泪下。 We have seen that the hibernating animal reduces movement to far below the ordin

19、ary level. 我们已经看到冬眠动物的活动量减少到远远低于一般水平。b. 表示降低的百分比时常用by表达。如：reduce the price by 10 percent 把价格降低10%reduce the amount to 80% 把数量减少到百分之八十10related adj. 表达的, 讲述的, 有关系的点拨be related to“和有关系。relate的名词是：relation关系；联系。relative亲戚。如： Light industry is closely related to the peoples life. 轻工业与人民生活有密切联系。 I cant r

20、elate what he does to what he says. 我看他所做的和所说的完全是两回事。 He made some remarks relative to what had happened. 他讲了几句和发生的事情有关的话。派生be connected with的意思是“与有关(=to be related to)。be related by marriage有姻亲关系；11impossible adj.意为“不可能，做不到的副词是 impossibly , 名词是 impossibility测试要点1不能用人作主语，可以用物或者 it 作形式主语。例如： Nothing

21、is impossible to a willing mind. (谚语) 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 The accident seemed impossible. 这意外事故似乎是不可能的。 It is impossible to get a taxi on such a rainy day. 在这样的下雨天是不可能搭到出车的。 It is impossible for her to eat up such a big cake, isnt it? 要她吃完如此一个大饼是不可能的，对不 ？2impossible 作宾补。Illness made it impossible for him t

22、o go on with his work.疾病使他无法继续他的工作。3用于主语从句中。It is impossible + that 干是不可能的 Its impossible for one and one to make three. 一加一不可能等于三。 Office workers tried to put out the fire , but it was impossible to control it. 办公室的工作人员试图把火扑灭，但是他们控制不了火势。 Helicopters were sent to rescue them , but it was impossible

23、for them to get close enough. 派来了直升飞机援救这些人，但是直升机无法靠近他们。 However, in hilly, dry or mountainous areas where it is impossible to grow crops, it makes very good sense to keep sheep or goats. 多山地区不可能种庄稼，用以养羊很有道理。 Sometimes its just impossible to understand his words.有时候要听懂他的话实在是不可能的。注意impossible只能修饰“某事物或

24、“做某事，不能修饰某人也不作某人的表语。如不能说 You are impossible to do it. 而要用You are unable to do it. 来表示“你没有能力做这件事。12accept及物动词接受, 认可, 承当, 承兑accept A as B“认为 / 成认A是B The police accepted the story as true.警方认为这事是真的。 These gestures are accepted both by Chinese and English speakers as having the same meaning.这些手势和姿态对说汉语的

25、人和说英语的人都是一样的意思。 It is a widely accepted belief.这是个为人广泛接受的信念。 The suggestion that a new bridge (should) be built was accepted. 修建一座新桥的建议被采纳了。13stickn. 棍, 棒, 手杖，粘性，遥远地区 using both a carrot and a stick to keep allies in line.同时用胡萝卜和大棒政策来使联盟保持一致 a glue with plenty of stick.具有很强粘性的胶水 move to the sticks.迁

26、入遥远地区vt. 刺, 戳；使迷惑；欺骗，欺诈；迟疑，犹豫 a stick in the ribs. 肋骨上的一戳 stick a hook on the wall. 把一个钩子钉在墙上 Sometimes even simple questions stick me.有时仅仅是简单的问题也使我困惑。 The dealer stuck me with shoddy merchandise.那个商人用假货骗我。 stick by a friend through difficult times在危难时期对朋友保持忠诚 She sticks at nothingno matter how diff

27、icult.她毫不迟疑，不管有多困难。词组 be stuck on【非正式用语】非常喜欢stick it to【俚语】严厉或错误地对待stick (ones) neck out【非正式用语】冒险：使某人自己变得易受攻击；冒险stick to ones guns或stick by ones guns坚持，恪守：坚持一个观点或固定的行为方式stick up for：to defend or support. 保卫或支持辨析insist/keep on/stick toinsist表示坚持自己的要求或意见；keep on表示坚持持续的动作；stick to表示坚持不懈地、不放弃做某事。【重要短语讲解

28、】1in sight 被看到, 可看得见的，在视线内。No one was in sight.没看到任何人。链接on sight一看见立刻：threat to shoot looters on sight.一看见暴民就威胁要射击out of sight【俚语】奇特的；不可置信的：The graduation party was out of sight.毕业生晚会太棒了sight for sore eyes【非正式用语】乐于见到的人或物sight unseen没有看见被谈论的物体：He bought the horse sight unseen.他未经观察买下了那匹马。2reach out 伸

29、出手臂，可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词。如： She reached out and took down a dictionary from the top shelf. 她伸手从最高一格书架上取下一本词典。 She reached out her hand and offered to shake his. 她伸了手去，想和他握手。reach out to把手伸向reach out for伸手去那拿。在本课相当于be engaged in, be devoted to. 如： Lincoln reached out for the slaves freedom. 林肯为使奴隶获得自由而孜孜不

30、倦的奋斗。3pay back v. 归还(借款), 报答, 报复 He has promised to pay back my money in a few weeks time.他容许在几周之内就还钱给我。 If you borrowed money from him , dont forget to pay them back to him recently.如果你向他借了钱，别忘了尽快还给他。 We both worked day and night to pay back the money we had borrowed.我们两人为了归还这笔债不分昼夜地干活。day and nigh

31、t或night and day都表示“日日夜夜地、日夜不停地辨析pay back , pay for , pay off , pay out1back“归还，偿付；报复。pay 本身即有“付清、付帐的意思,加 back 后更强调“归还的意思。如：I have paid back the money you lent me.我已把你借给我的钱还给你了。2pay for “付款，偿付。如： How much did you pay for the recorder ?你买这个录音机花了多少钱？ They paid 3,000 for the car. 他们买汽车花了三千美元。3pay off“还清

32、债务，付掉。如： Ill pay off my debt with this check.我要用这张支票把我的债务全部还清。 The lady paid off all her debts in time.这位女士按时把债务付清了。4pay out“付出。如：They paid out 550 that month.他们每月支出500美元。4be frozen with 冻 freeze ( froze , frozen , freezing )The road is frozen hard. 路上的冰结得很硬。be frozen to death 冻死a frozen river 一条冻结着

33、的河。Water freezes at the temperature of zero degree centigrade. 水在摄氏零度结冰。测试要点1freezing 作名词是“冰点。作形容词是“极冷的；冻结的。It must be 4 degrees below freezing today. 今天一定是零下 4 度。That freezing machine is cheap.It is freezing. 今天太冷了。2freeze sbs blood = make sbs blood freeze 使某人极度恐惧3be frozen to death 冻死5make sense:

34、can be understandable Can you make sense of what he said?你能听懂他讲的话吗？ No one can make sense of these strange signs.没人能看懂这些奇怪的符号。 The explanation makes no sense, because the words are hard. 单词太难，解释很难懂。 No matter how you read it, this sentence doesnt make sense. 无论你如何断句，这句子还是不通。 Does that make sense? 你弄

35、懂了吗？6make the most of 尽量利用，充分利用 We must make the most use of our time to study well.我们应该充分利用我们的时间好好学习。 Tom makes the most use of his spare time to learn English, he wants to be a useful in the future. 汤姆充分利用闲暇时间学英语，他想以后成为一个有用的人。7feed on 以为食, 以为能源辨析raise, keep, support, feed这四个词都有“抚养、“养家、“赡养的意思，但feed

36、更强调“喂养食物。例如： He has a large family to keep. = He has a large family to support.他有一大家子要养活。 He was raised by his aunt because his parents were both killed in an earthquake.他是由他的姨妈养大的，因为他的双亲在一次地震中遇难了。 He promised to his parents he would support himself after graduation from college.他向他的父母许诺大学毕业后要自力谋生。

37、Little children like to go to the zoo and feed the animals there.小孩子们喜欢去动物园喂那里的动物。raise, keep还特指种植、栽培农作物；饲养家畜等意思。例如：Uncle Tom raises / keeps chickens, pigs and corn on his farm.汤姆叔叔在农场里养了小鸡、猪，还种了玉米。【短语翻译】1在午饭时间 _答案：at lunchtime2迈出；跨出 _答案：step out3最后 _答案：at last 或finally4扫视 _答案：glance at5看得到；在视力范围之内

38、_答案： in sight 6盼望；企盼 _答案：wish for7(手)伸出；伸出手 _答案：reach out 8抬头凝视 _答案：stare up at9留意，留心，密切注意 _答案：watch out for10由于而呆住 _答案：be frozen with11和相关，和有联系的 _答案：be related to ; be linked to12有意义；有道理，讲得通 _答案：make sense13充分利用 _答案：make the most of14禁不住做某事，忍不住做某事_答案：cant help doing15使暖和起来；使热身_答案：warm up16突然，猛地 _答案

39、：all of a sudden17铃声、枪声等突然响起 _答案: ring out18取得进步 _答案：make progress19以为食，吃 _答案：feed on20水上运动 _答案： water sports【重点句型讲解】1Sometimes senses affect one another. 有时，不同的感觉彼此影响。短语one another意为“相互、“彼此，主要表示三者或更多事物之间的情况。例如： Bill has two brothers and a sister, his father always wants them to treat one another with respect. 比尔有两个兄弟和一个妹妹，他爸爸总是要他们相互尊敬。 The students help one another. 学生彼此帮助。 The waiters followed one another into the room. 侍者一个接一个地进了房间2Once out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop.一到街上，波莉就急匆匆地向往常乘车的车站走去。