（整理版高中英语）第三册Unit8LearningaforeignIanguage.doc

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1、第三册Unit 8 Learning a foreign IanguageI单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：1motivate 2dictate；dlctator 3acquisition 41nstructIon instructor 5anxlety 6connect7associate 8translate 9patient 10opcrate 11comprehend；comprehenslve 1 2Dalum高考须掌握的短语：1of 2in 3take/run 4with 5behind 6to 7as 8about 9broaden lOfluent 11

2、about 12of13in 14in 15progress 16put考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇1anxious adj焦虑的；不安的；担忧的 eg：1 was terribly anxious about the children when they didnt come home from school孩子们放学后没有回家的时候我非常担忧。 adj渴望的；急迫希望的eg： were anxious for your return我们急迫盼望你的归来。 He was in xious to have the chcap suit他急迫想买下这套廉价

3、的衣服。相关链接：anxiety n焦急：担忧：不安anxiously adv焦急地用法拓展：be anxious about为担忧 be anxious for渴望be anxious to do急迫想干 with great anxiety=anxJously忧心忡忡地特别提醒：anxious当担忧焦虑时后跟介词about当“渴望时，多接介词for 或to do。案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题1 She is to leave as soon as possible. A. hurried B. anxiousC. worried D. nervous考题1点拨：答案为B。考查易混形容词

4、辨析。be anxious to do sth“急迫想干某事。句意为：“她渴望尽可能早一点离开。总结提示：be anxlous to do“渴望干某事/急迫想千某事。2acquire vt获得；取得；拥有 eg：The lady acquired a knowIedge of English by careful study 这位太太通过认真学习而学会了英语。 We go to school WlIh thc purpose of acquiring solid knowledgc 我们上学的目的是获得牢固的知识。相关链接：acquisition m获得：习得 用法拓展：acquire a k

5、nowledge of学会(精通)acquire a degree/diploma获得学位或文凭特别提醒：掌握acquire a knowledge ofhave a knowledge of学会/精通。考题2 Gradually they a knowledge of French during their stay in France. A. learned B. got C. acquired D. achieved考题2点拨：答案为c。考查acquire a knowledge of-擎会，精通固定搭配。句意为：“他们在法国期间，逐渐掌握了法语。总结提：记住：acquire a kno

6、wledge of学会这一固定搭配。3stick(sluekSIUCk)vtvin(1)剌；戳；剌死eg：The boy stuck the sharp knife into the butter这个孩子把锐利的刀插进了黄油里。 (2)粘贴；张贴 eg：Plcase Stick the notice on the walI请把通知张贴在墙上。 Two pages of the 1)00k stuck logether这本书有两页粘在一起了。 (3)卡住；困住；陷入eg： The bus WaS SIuck in the mud公共汽车陷在泥里动不了。 n 树枝拐杖eg：His father w

7、alks with a StlCk他父亲拄拐杖走路。用法拓展：gel be sluck被困住：被卡住；陷入shek to坚持(立场观点) in shool坚持(做某事) a walking suek拐杖；手杖 特别提醒：sllck to坚持中to为介词。后接名词、代词或宾语从句。考题3-1 (典型例题 分)Go and ask for help. The bull got in the pond. A. stickling B. caught C. killed D. stuck考题3-2 One must stick what he promised whatever happens. A.

8、 on B. for C. in D. to 考题31点拨：答案为D。根据语境可知此处应表示被困住；被卡住get stuck in符合要求其他不合题意。句意为：快去求救这头牛被困在池塘里了。 考题32点拨：答案为D。“坚持应用stick。句意为：无论发生什么事一个人都应坚守他的诺言。 总结提示：记住stick to及get stuck to两短语。4instruct，指导；指示：命令 eg：when I saw himhe was instructing his son hOW to deal Wlth the car probcm.当我看见他时他正在教儿子修车。 Those boys wer

9、e instructed to wait there男孩们被通知在那儿等待。相关链接：instruction m指导；用法说明(pl) Instructor n辅导员；讲师Instructive adj指示性的；有教育意义的 用法拓展：instruct sbin sth在某方面指导某人 instruct sb to do sth指导(指示)某人干某事 instruct that(should)命令特别提醒：lnst ruct后接从句时从句中的动词形式用should一动词原形should可以省略。考题4 ( 典型例题 分)To avoid injuries in the lab. teacher

10、s should care-fully the students to use the instru-ments. A. lead B. order . C. guide D. instruct5adopt vt采纳；采用；领养；收养eg： The yoUng couplc cant have children of ther ownSo tImy are considering adopting one 这对年轻夫妇不能生孩子所以他们正在考虑领养一个。 we adopted thelr production methods我们采用了他们的生产方式。相关链接：adoption n 收养：采纳；

11、采取adopted adj被收养的 adoptlve adj收养了孩子的用法拓展-adopt measures采取措施 adopt a new stamlard采取新标准 adopt ones idea/suggestion/plan采纳某人的意见/建议/方案ones adoptive parents某人的养父母ones adopted son某人的养子 特别提醒：区别adopt与adapt(适应)的形式。考题5 (典型例题Alices father had her because he couldnt take care of her himself. A. supported B. fee

12、d C. adapted D. adopted考题5点拨：答案为D。表示“让某人被别人收养用have sbadopted。句意为：“艾丽斯的父亲不能照顾她，所以让艾丽斯被别人收养。 总结提示：have sbadopted“使某人被收养。二、重点短语6make progtess前进；进步eg： Tom is now making much progress in his studies汤姆现在在学业上进步很大。 He has made rapid progress他进步神速。 用法拓展：make great/much/rapid progress in 在某方面取得大的/许多/迅速的进步 mak

13、e progress with在某方面取得进展 in progress在进行中，在举行特别提醒：make progress中progress为不可数名词，前面不能加冠词a，易错短语为make a great/ ratfid orogress考题6 (2oo5,海演二模,1份) The teachers are very pleased, because the students 1 have made a great progress in their studies 2 考题6点拨；第二行错在make a great progress，应去掉a，因为progress为不可数名词。总结提示：记

14、住make great progress中progress为不可数名词。7piles of一大堆；一大团eg： I have got piles of work to do today今天我有大量的工作要做。用法拓展；a pile ofpiIes of一大堆，一大团 in a pile/in piles一堆/一堆堆pile up把堆起来eg： we piled up the boxes outside the hOLlSe我们把盒子堆在屋外。特别提醒：a piIe of/piles of可用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。考题7 ( 典型例题分 ) My daughter usually work

15、s late into the night because she has got _ papers to do in the evening. A. a great deal of B. great amounts of C. too much D. piles of考题7点拨：答案为D。表示“许多试卷用piles of，而其他三项只用来修饰不可数名词。句意为：“我女儿通常学习到深夜，因为晚上有一堆试卷要做。 总结提示：piles of既修饰可数名词又修饰不可数名词。三、重点交际用语8表达动机常用的句型有： (1)in order to do sth/to do sth/so as to d

16、o sth为了做某事 in order not to do sth/so as n舅to do为了不做某事 eg：He sta；ted very early so as not to be late for school为了上学不迟到，他出发得很早。 (2)in order that/so that是为了 eg：He often stays up in order that/so that he can make up for the lOSS为了弥补失去的东西，他经常熬夜。 (3)in an effort to do/in an attempt to do试图干/尝试干 eg： Hephon

17、ed her in an attempt to ask herto stay behind他给她打 试图叫她留下来。 (4)in ease/for fear以防/以免 eg：She hid her story in ease/for fear her teaeher would find i (5)for/with the purpose of希望，为了 eg： He climbed to the top of the building for/with the purpose of looking into the distance他爬上楼顶，是为了眺望远处。考题8-1 -Mum, why

18、do you always make me eat an egg everyday? enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting考题8-2 Roses need special care _ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as考题81点拨：答案为c。考查不定式to do表示目的，答复why提出的问题。答语为：“为了让你在成长的过程中获得足够的营养

19、和蛋白质。考题82点拨：答案为B。根据题意可知此处应表示动机：故用so that。句意为：“玫瑰需要特别护理为的是能度过严冬。总结提示；记住表示动机的句型结构。四、重点句型9Every time I take part in a group discussion or try to speak English to someone，I find it djfficuIt to express myseif每次我参加小组讨论或试着对某人说英语时我发现很难表达清楚自己。 every time为名词词组充当附属连词引导时间状语从句。 eg： Every time 1 saw him，he was b

20、usy reading每次我看到他，他都在忙于读书。 类似这样的名词词组充当连词的还有：each time(每次)，the last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)，the minute/instant/moment一就by the time(到时候)等。 eg：Ill teIl him the minute he gets here他一到这儿，我就告诉他。Each time Im late for school，I feel very sorry我每次上学迟到时都感到很难过。 The 1ast time I met her，she was picking cotto

21、n in the field最后一次我碰到她时她正在地里摘棉花。特别提醒：上述名词短语本身充当表示时间的连词，不需要再用其他连词，防止重复。考题9-1 I thought her nice and honest I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time考题9-2 I feel uncertain or unsafe, he will come to comfort me. A. Every time when B. Every time if C. Every ti

22、me D. The every time考题91点拨：答案为c。考查the first time第一次用作连词，引导时间状语从句。句意为：“我第一次遇到她，我就认为她美丽、老实。考题92点拨：答案为c。考查every time“每次作连词时的用法。句意为：“每次我感到心神不宁或不平安时，他就会来抚慰我。五、词语辨析 lOacquire，gain，get，obtain 四词均含“得到之意，但aequire意为“取得，获得，多指通过漫长的过程逐步获得或学到。gain意为“得到，获得，指通过努力或奋斗获得某种利益或好处，还可以表示获得更多的东西或逐渐获得更多的东西或逐渐获得某物的过程。get在表示“

23、得到，获得时，使用极广泛，多指通过某种方法或手段得到某物，也可以表示用手夺取，还可以用于消极地接受。obtain意为“得到，获得，多指经过极大努力、较长时间而得到向往已久的东西，含有满足要求或到达目的之意。 eg： The company has recently acquired a new office building in central London这家公司最近在伦敦市中心买了一栋新的办公楼。 They managed to gain access to secret information他们设法把秘密情报弄到手。 Youll have to get her permission

24、before you do that你做那事之前，必须得到她的允许。 I know where I can obtain that rare book for you我知道在什么地方可以为你弄到那本珍贵的书。特别提醒：acquire的获得多为抽象东西，但一旦获得，不易失去，gain多指强有力 的夺取。gain暗含向往或满足之意。考题10 (典型例题分) 用 acquire, gain, get, obtain 的适当的形式填空 (1) I sat in the front of the bus to a good view of the country side. (2) After havi

25、ng been instructed to drive out of town, I began to confidence.(3)A penny saved is a penny (4)Its not easy to a job one has applied for.考题10点拨：(1)get(2)acquire(3)gained(4)obtain11pattern，model，example pattern常指某种特定的式样，为制作某物事先研制出的式样或模型，专供仿制某物用。如服装的纸样，编织的图样，浇铸的模具、模型等。也可以借喻，作典范、典范解。 eg：A good tailor ca

26、n make dress without a pattern一个好裁缝不需要图样就能制衣服。 This company is a pattern of what a good company should be这个公司是优秀公司的典型。 model指某一种模型，与实际的规格(大小尺寸)有一定距离。也可用于借喻，作“典范解。 eg： They are inodel students他们是模范学生。 Will you make a box after this model?你能照这个模型做个盒子吗? example指从大量同类事物中挑选出来的有代表性或解释性的实例。作“典范解时，pattern与m

27、odel， example这三考题11 用 pattern model, example 的适当形式填空 (1)Can you make sen-tences by this sen-tence ？ (2) He was chosen a worker this year. (3) Parents should set good to their children.考题11点拨：(1)pattern(2)model(3)examples语法归纳 精通规那么 游刃有余本单元的语法重点是虚拟语气见SB3 Unit 9IV专题探究 由点及面 由表及里专题探究：阅读理解Topic或Title题型专题详

28、解：加标题类文章常见的设题形式有： Which of the following would be the most appro priate title for the passage? The best title for this passage would be/might be/ is What might be the best title of this passage? The title that best expresses the ideas of this pas sage is 文章的标题(title)是文章的眼睛，通过这双“眼睛我们可以略知文章大意。好的文章通常有一

29、个好的标题。怎样给文章加一个适宜的标题呢? 文章的标题实际上是对文章大意最简洁的慨括，标题与文章大意息息相关。给文章加一个适当的标题，首先要把握好文章的大意。不能把文章某一段的大意看作是整篇文章的大意，更不能把文章的细节看成是文章的大意，从而给文章加上一个观点片面的标题。 其次，给文章加一个适宜的标题还应抓住文章的主题句。因为文章的大意和文章的主题句总是一脉相承的。主题句通常在文章的开头，也有的在中间或结尾。抓住了主题句就抓住了文章的灵魂。再次，给文章加标题应注意文章的体裁及写作目的。叙事类的文章是为了记叙件事，一个人物，表达作者的某种感情，所加标题应表达叙事类文章的特点；说明文是为了说明一个

30、事物或过程，标题应表达说明文的特点。另外对于一些幽默类的文章应挖掘其深层含义，给文章加一个适宜的标题表达出文章幽默的特点。考题1 It was very difficult to find jobs in the northeast of England, and when John lost his job, he found it impossible to get a new one. He had soon spent all his money, so he decided to go down to the south of the country, where he had he

31、ard that things were better and that it was easier to find a job. The best way to go there was by train, so he went to the rail- way station and got into a train which was going to London. He was the only passenger in his compartment (车厢)when another man came in carrying a gun and said to him, Your

32、money or your life! I havent a penny. John answered in fear. Why are you trembling so much?the man with gun asked angrily. Because I thought you were the ticket collector and I havent even got a ticket, answered John. The best title is A. John was Robbed B. Robber withGun C. Poor John D. Money and L

33、ife考题2 New York can be a very dangerous city especially at night. Many people do not go out alone into the streets after dark. This problem is even worse for women. One New Yorker found an unusual answer to the prob- lem, As a singer, she has to drive alone to the club late at night. Then she has to

34、 drive home after the show. The singer needs a friend, so she has got herself Bob-a balloon that looks like a man. It sits in the passenger seat of her car while she drives at night. People in the street think the woman driver has a man with her and she feels safe. The best title is A. A Dangerous C

35、ity B. A Woman Singer C. A Woman Driver D. A Balloon Boyfriend考题1点拨：答案为c。这篇文章选Poor John这一标题恰如其分。Poor John这个标题有两个方面的含义。一是John失业了身无分文，经济拮据，实在很穷；二是就是这么一个身无分文的John竞遭遇抢劫。让人感到可怜。考题2点拨：答案为D。“气球男友这一标题突出了文章主题，又有幽默感。总结提示：给文章加标题应注意文章标题本身的句法特征：一是简练，多数文章的标题言简意赅，而且引人注目；二是多用省略后的非句子形式。V考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊回忆1 测试考点8 (

36、典型例题 分 ) I always take some- thing to read when I go to the doctors _ _ I have to wait. A. in case B. so that C. in order D. as if1A点拨：题意：“当我去诊所时，我总是带些读物，以便在不得不等候时消磨时间，in case“以防。假设引导的状语从句可以用来表示“动机而其他三项不合题意。回忆2 测试考点 8 (典型例题ll these gifts must be mailed immediately in time for Christmas. A. in order

37、to have received B. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving2C点拨：题意：“所有的礼物都必须立即邮寄出，目的是在圣诞节及时被收到，in order to或so as to引导的不定式表示目的或动机，且gift与receive之间存在动宾关系，应选c。 回忆3 测试考点 1 ( 典型例题 ) My mother always gets a bit if we dont arrive when we say we will. A. anxious B. ashamed C. wea

38、k D. patient3A点拨：考查形容词辨析。题意：“当我们说我们会及时回家而又没回去时，我妈妈总是感到担忧，anxious“担忧，忧虑，而ashamed“羞愧的，patient“耐心的，weak“弱的均不符合题意。 回忆4 测试考点 3 (典型例题)Once a decision has been made. all of us should it. A. direct to B. stick to C, lead to D, refer to 4B点拨：考查动词短语辨析。stick to“坚持，lead to“通向，导致，refer to“参考，由题意“一旦作出决定，我们都应该坚持它可

39、知B为正确选项。 VI高考题预测 高瞻远瞩 占尽先机一、考情预测 年考情预测预测1：adopt 预测2：stick 预测根据：stick是英语教学大纲中重点考查的词汇也是出现频率比拟高的一个词汇。同学们对于该词的用法掌握不很牢固。 ，用法颇多重点要记住stick卡住困住使陷入构成get/be stuck(被困住被卡住)；stick “粘，stick to“坚持等用法要特别注意。预测3：anxious 预测根据：anxious是形容词类中考查频率较高的一个词汇经常在词汇知识及完形填空中出现。预测4：instruct法指南时，通常用复数形式。预测5：话题：学习外语 外语对我们中国学生来说，是第二门

40、语言尤其是英语，我们除了在课堂上使用外其他时间使用的不多。在高考中我们主要围绕英语考查其历史英语的艺术性及文学性以及使用此语言的人民的风俗习惯等等。在平时学习中多掌握与外语有关的知识这类知识的考查主要在阅读理解及完形填宅中出现。二、考题预测备考1测试考点 2 Im a lot of experience in my job. A. accepting B. acquiring C. catching D. winning1B点拨：考查动词词义辨析。accept“接受。acquire“获取，学会，catch“抓住，win“获胜，由题意“在工作中我获得了许多经验可知B为正确答案。 备考2测试考点

41、6 After a study of six months. Tom has made in his studies than before. A. a greater progress B. greater progresses C. greater progress D. great progress2C点拨：考查名词progress的用法。progress为不可数名词。make great progress“取得巨大进步，且原文中含有than before，故用make greater progress。 备考3测试考点 3 If you want to succeed, you mus

42、t to it. A. insist B. keep C. stick D. go on3c点拨：题意：“如果你想要成功的话，你必须坚持下去，stick to“坚持(立场，观点)，而insist on“坚持做某事，go on with“继续做某事，应选C。备考4测试考点4 Parents should their children how to deal with daily things instead of doing them for chihlren. A. guide B. ask C. follow D. instruct4D 点拨：考查动词辨析。题意：“父母应指导孩子做日常事物而

43、不是为他们包办，instruct sbto do sth“指导某人做某事，而其他三项不符合题意。 备考5测试考点 1 My mother will be ahout my safe ty if I come home late. A. anxious B. happy C. certain D eager5A点拨：句意“如果我回家晚了，我妈妈会担忧我的平安。anxious“担忧、忧虑，而eager“渴望的，应选A。 备考6测试考点5 You did very well. Have you his suggcstion to improve your work? A. offered B. ad

44、opted C. provided D. received6B点拨：题意：“你做得很好，你已经接受他的建议来改善你的工作了吗?adopt“采纳，而offer提供，provide提供，不符合题意。 备考7测试考点 7 Shall we go out for a walk? Cant you see homework before me? A. a great number of B. too many C. so many D. piles of7D点拨：homework为不可数名词，a great number of“大量，许多，too many“许多，so many“这么多都用来修饰可数名 词，而piles of既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词，应选D。备考8测试考点 9 It seemed as if he had cried saw him.