高考英语单项填空突破答题技巧教案 .docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结高考英语单项填空答题技巧教案铁西区 Peter 精品高分英语家教：育才、试验、二中专用可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结第一招：找准关键词语。单项挑选题思路可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. It isany wonder that his friend doesnt like watching television much.A. noB. suchC. nearlyD. hardly其次招： 分析句子结构 。有些试题的考原来非常简洁, 但命题者却通过使用定语从句,或者将我们非常熟识的固定词组有意拆开 ,重新组合 , 使我们在结构上产生错觉。2

2、. This is the main use that the scientists makenatural resources.A. inB. up ofC. fromD. of第三招：适当转换句式。有时将题干的句式转换成自己更熟识的句式，就很简洁选出正确答案。如：将疑问句、强调句、感叹句或倒装句改为陈述句，将被动句改为主动句，将无序句调整为正常句。3.-Mr. Wang ,whom would you ratherthe importantmeeting.-Tom.A. have attend B. have attendedC. having attendD. have to atten

3、d第四招：补全省略成分。口语中会使用一些省略句，作题是假设将被省略的成分补充完整，答案就会一目了然。此题将答句补全，就是her new bike made Mary so upset。4.-What do you think made Mary so upset.-her new bike.A. LostB. As she lostC. LosingD. Because of losing第五招： 删除干扰部分 。就是将起干扰作用的定语从句、 介词短语或插入语， 如 I think/ suppose/believe，do you think/ suppose/believe， you know

4、 ， of course 等删除，从而更简洁的选出正确答案。5.We agree to acceptthey thought was the best tourist guide.A. whicheverB. whoeverC. whateverD. whomever第六招：利用对称结构 。就是在作题的过程中要善于利用and, but 等并列连词。假设前面是个句子，后面也是个句子，反之亦然。假设连接的是几个动词，这几个动词也必定是同一时态或同一形式。6.-English has a large vocabulary,hasnt it.-Yes.more words and expression

5、s and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. KnowB. KnowingC. To knowD. Known又如： On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market,some bananas and visited her cousin.A. boughtB. buyingC. to buyD. buy第七招：留意标点符号。标点有时对我们作题有提示的作用。此题很简洁选B, 认为是不定式做表语。7.There are eight tips in Dr.Roger s le

6、cture on sleep, and one of them is:to bed early unless you think it is necessary.A. doesn t goB. not to goC. not goingD. don t go又如： He is always really rude,is why people tend to avoid him.A. thatB. itC. thisD. which可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结第八招 : 熟记固定搭配 。留意积存一些常见的固定句式、动词与副词的搭配、名词和形容词的搭配等。8. Mr. Smit

7、h used to smokebut he has given it up.A. seriouslyB. heavilyC. badlyD. hardly第九招：排除思维定势 。有些试题的题干，看上去好象就是固定搭配，我们兴奋的完成以后，结果却做错了。要从句子结构上或者句子意思上分析，以免步入命题者设计的陷阱。9. Everyonehere will thankthe firefighterfor the thingsthey have doneto preventfiresthe environment safer.A. makeB. to makingC. to makeD. from m

8、aking第十招： 检查有无谓语 。有时看似有两个句子，于是就选连词，正好掉进命题人设计的陷阱。事实上， 有时貌似句子的 “句子 ”却没有谓语，其中的动词只是一个非谓语动词多为分词。10. He wrote five novels, two oftranslated into English.A. itB. themC. whichD. that第十一招： 查看有无连词。 假设经查实， 前后的确是两个句子， 就要看其中一个分句是否已经用了连词。假设已经用了连词，一般不选连词，假设没有用连词，就肯定要选连词。11. If an excellentChinese novelis translate

9、dinto English,meansmany morepeople in the world can enjoy it.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that第十二招：识别相像句型。有的句型非常相像，假设不认真辨论，很简洁出错。12. is known to everyboby, light travels much faster than sound.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What is known to everyboby that light travels much faster than sound.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What

10、第十三招：正确把握语境。有时孤立的看留空格的那个句子，好象多个答案都可以，但与上下句的意思联系起来，就会发觉问题。因此，做题时肯定要把握语境。13. Iagree withmost of what you said, but I don t agree with.A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing单项挑选题方法英语单项挑选题的考点主要分布在：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词。 时态、语态。词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上。在做单项挑选题时，把握一些解题方法是 很有必要的。一、排除法排除法是依据题干中供

11、应的信息，结合平常所学过的有把握的学问，逐一去掉错误选项，最终得出正确答案的方法。这是我们平常用的最多的一种方法。1. My mind wasn t on what he was saying so I m afraid Ihal全f o国f i卷t. A. was missingB. had missedC. will missD. missed2. What surprised me was not what he said buthe said it. 湖北卷 A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which3. He s

12、peaks English well indeed, but of course nota native speaker. 上海卷 A. as fluent asB. more fluent thanC. so fluently asD. much fluently than二、代入法有些题目是在固定词组、习惯搭配或常见句型中挖去某个组成部分，设置为空白。我们有的放矢的把所给选项代入题干，通过验证，选取语法正确、语义贴切、符合语境的最正确选项。我们把此法称之为代入法。代入法也可用于有规律可循的题目。如：有些题目是在固定词组、习惯搭配或常见句型中挖去某个组成部分，设置为空白。我们有的放矢的把所给

13、选项代入题干，通过验证，选取语法正确、语义贴切、符合语境的最正确选项。我们把此法称之为代入法。4. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a weekTV.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. to watchB. to watchingC. watchingD. watch5. The accident is reported to have occurredthe first Sunday in February.A. atB. onC. inD. to6. students are

14、 required to take part in the boat race. 浙江卷 A. Ten strong young ChineseB. Ten Chinese strong youngC. Chinese ten young strongD. Young strong ten Chinese7. snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. 上海卷 A. Not only they broughtB. Not only d

15、id they bringC. Not only brought theyD. Not only they did bring三、分析法是针对详细问题，敏捷运用所学语言学问分析判定，得出答案。有的题目通过剖析题干结构，找出所设空白在整个句子中所作的成分，如主语、宾语、状语、补语等，再依据所给选项的基本用法就可得出答案。有的题目仍需要依据空白与所修饰的成分或者整个句子的关系，才能确定其适当形式。此法常适用于语法考查类题目。如：8. Anyway, that evening,I ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel s

16、 place. A. whenB. whereC. whatD. which9. T/he news reporters hurried to the airport, onlythe film stars had left. 福建卷 A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told四、复原法有些题目是以疑问句、强调句、被动语态、倒装结构等形式显现的，假如复原其原来面目，变为正常语序或主动语态，答案便可一目了然。此法是解疑难单项挑选题的一把钥匙。10. It wasback home after the experiment.A. not until midni

17、ght did he goB. until midnight that he didn t goC. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight when he didn t go五、化简法有些题目是命题者有意在题干中加入了从句或插入语等，使主语与谓语、或主句与从句的位置分隔， 人为的增加了试题难度。假如去掉干扰部分，题干结构就变得简洁明白，从而化难为易。11. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, of course , made the others

18、envy him.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which六、补全法有些题目有意在题干中挖去了一些成分，我们假如能补上所缺少的部分，就能识破命题者所设的“陷阱”，从而找到答题的突破口，便能有效的提高答题的正确率。12. with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A. CompareB. When comparingC. ComparingD. When compared13. If youare planningto spendyour moneyhavingfun

19、this week,better ity: 16pt;mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt; mso-ou ve got some big bills coming.A. forgetB. forgotC. forgettingD. to forget七、对比法依据句意和选项的意思就能得出答案的题目也占了肯定比例。此类题目大多考查动词、名词、形容词及短语的词义辨析。在读懂句意的前提下，把所给选项的意思或用法与句意对比，意思相同或相近者即为正确答案。14. John was late for the business m

20、eeting because his flight had beenby a heavy storm.A. keptB. stoppedC. slowedD. delayed15. Before the war broke out, many peoplein safe places possessions they could not take with them.A. threw awayB. put awayC. gave awayD. carried away16. He got to the station early,missing his train. 江苏卷 可编辑资料 - -

21、 - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. in case ofB. instead ofC. for fear ofD. in search of八、综合法命题者越来越留意考查同学的思维判定才能。因此题目的设置不行能都是单纯用某种方法就可得出答案，大多题目需要综合运用多种方法，逐步推出最终结论。如：17. straight on and you ll see a church. You won湖t 北mi卷ss it. A. GoB. GoingC. If you goD. When going18. the programme, they have to stay there for anothe

22、r two weeks. 广东卷 A. Not completingB. Not completedC. Not having completedD. Having not completed19. Why. I have nothing to confess.you want me to say. 上海卷 A. What is it thatB. What it is thatC. How is it thatD. How it is that各种方法之间没有严格的界限，不能机械的死搬硬套，同一个题目可以用不同的方法去解答，务必敏捷运用。不管用哪种方法，目标是一样的，那就是得出结论 最正确答

23、案。20. Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.Youhave my computer if you dont take care of it. 湖南卷 A. shan t B. might notC. needn tD. shouldn t可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结对名词的考查高考英语对词汇学问的考查特点可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Chinese arts have won theof a lot of people outside China. 上海卷 A. enj

24、oymentB. appreciationC. entertainmentD. reputation对动词的考查The teacher wrote an example on the blackboard tothe point.A. illustrateB. suggestC. expressD. recognize对形容词的考查 students are required to take part in the boat race. 浙江卷 A. Ten strong young ChineseB. Ten Chinese strong youngC. Chinese ten young

25、strongD. Young strong ten Chinese对副词的考查Mr Smith used to smokebut he has given it up. 天津卷A. seriouslyB. heavilyC. badlyD. hardly对代词的考查I had to buythese booksbecause I didn t know which one was the best.A. bothB. none对连词的考查C. neitherD. all可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Parentsshouldtakeseriouslytheirchildren

26、resquestsforsunglasses necessary in sunny weather.A. becauseB. throughC. unlessD. if对介词的考查The accident is reported to have occurredthe first Sunday in February.A. atB. onC. inD. to对冠词的考查eyeprotectionis可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结When you come here for your holiday next time, don t go to my flat.A. the;

27、aB. the; /C. a; theD. a; /同义词、近义词辨析的考查hotel; I can find youbed in可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Hospitalstaffburstintocheersafterdoctorscompleteda 20-houroperationtohave one-year-old twins at the head. 上海卷 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. isolatedB. separatedC. dividedD. removed高考英语单项挑选题命题趋势认真分析语境 , 把握上下文表达出的交际因

28、素, 在特定的语境下得体的运用英语口语, 做好情形对话题 。1. -Do you mind if I open the window.-. I feel a bit cold.A. Of course not.B. I d rather you didnC. tG. o aheadD. Why not.2. I m thinking of the test tomorrow. I m afraid I can t pass this time.-. I m sure you ll make it.A. Go aheadB. Good luckC. No problemD. Cheer up认真

29、推敲揣摩上下文语境中所隐含的时间因素, 做好时态、非谓语动词及情态动词的相关单项挑选题。1. 搜寻句中相关的时间信息 , 确定上下文说的是什么时候的事情或情形。2. 确定动词处于什么状态 , 是完成了 , 仍是未完成。3 确定动词与主语的关系 , 是主动仍是被动。1. Now that she is out of a job, Lucygoing back to school, but she hasn t decided yet.A. had consideredB. has been consideringC. consideredD. is going to consider 2.- S

30、orry to interrupt you. Please go on.- Where was I.- Youyou didn t like your father s job.A. had saidB. saidC. were sayingD. had been saying3. John, a friend of mine got married and spent $3,000 more than hefor the wedding.A. will planB. has plannedC. would planD. had planned 4、-Is Bob still performi

31、ng.- I m afraid not. He is saidthe stage as he has become an official. 江苏A. to have leftB. to leaveC. to have been leftD. to be left抓住语境中的有效信息，通过比照、比较、推理、判定等方法，以及对事物、行为进展进程合乎规律的想象, 精确做好短语、词类等的语义辩析题。1.As we joined the big crowd, I gotfrom my friends.A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missed2、Progress so

32、far has been very good., we are sure that the project will be completed on time.A. HoweverB. OtherwiseC. ThereforeD. Besides3.All the peopleat the party were his supporters.A. presentB. thankfulC. interestedD. important命题人通常采纳下面一些手段, 来设计题干干扰信息一、插入语干扰1. He believes in himself, in my opinion, is of gr

33、eat importance.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. as2. He hasntcome yet. What do you consider to him.A. happensB. has happenedC. happeningD. to happen3. John plays football, if not better than, David.A. as wellB. as well asC. so wellD. so well as4. The manager decided to give the job tohe believed had a stron

34、g sense of duty.A. whoeverB. whomeverC. whoD. those5、E-mail, as well as telephones,an important part in daily communication.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. is playingB. have playedC. are playingD. play6、-Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons,to go to university.-So do I.A. hopeB. hopes

35、C. hopingD. hoped二、标点符号干扰7. Tom,sure to come tomorrow.A. isB. beC. wasD. would be 8、-Alice ， you feed the bird,.-But I fed it yesterday.A. do youB. will youC.didn t youD.don t you三、疑问句干扰9. Who would you ratherwith you tomorrow, Tom or Smith.A. have to goB. have goC. have goneD. had go四、倒装句干扰10. On t

36、he grasstwo sheep.A. liesB. lieC. lyingD. laid11. Only when your identity has been checked,.A. you are allowed inB. you will be allowed inC. will you allow inD. will you be allowed in 12 、The old couple have been married for 40 years and never oncewith each other.A. they had quarreledB. they have qu

37、arreledC. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled五、从句和先行词别离干扰13. The question came up at the meetingwe had enough money for our research.A. thatB. whichC. whetherD. if14 、It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.A. thatB.

38、whileC. whichD. when六、省略句干扰15. The girl is very shy, and never speaks until_to.A. spokenB. speakingC. speakD. be spoken16. If you don t go there,I.A. neither doB. nor willC. so doD. neither did 17 、- Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day.-enough protein and nutrition as you are growing

39、 up.A. GetB. GettingC. To getD. To be getting 18 、- What do you think made Mary so upset.-her new bicycle.A. As she lostB. LostC. LosingD. Because of losing七、被动句干扰19. Every minute is made full use of_at our lessons.A. to workB. workingC. having workedD. being worked可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结八、搭配干扰20.

40、This is the very room_I slept in that evening.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. thatB. whichC. whereD. at which21. The country life he was used to_greatly since the opening policy.A. changeB. has changedC. changingD. having changed22 、Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had tosome schools for poor c

41、hildren.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up九、定语从句干扰23. The young student did all that he couldthe examinations.A. passB. to passC. passingD. passed24. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had hadwent wrong again.A. itB. it repairedC

42、. repairedD. to be repaired十、非正常语序干扰25. The home improvements have taken what little there ismy spare time.A. fromB. inC. ofD. at十一、强调句干扰26. It is the protection for the trees_really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.A. whatB. thatC. /D. which27. It is the ability to do the jobmatters

43、not where you come from or what you are.A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it十二、词形变化干扰28. -I like football.-my sister and me.A. So doB. So areC. So didD. So it is with十三、多义词干扰 试比较以下两个例句 :29. He is a strange character,is very hard to get along with.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. where30. He has a strange character,make

44、s him difficult to get along with.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. where单项挑选的复原解题法我们常常会遇到比较难的句子，而英语属于曲折性语言，它的语句并不总是像汉语“主 谓 宾” 那样排列。 因此同学在做题时就丈二和尚摸不着头脑了。这时， 我们可以使用一种很有效的解题方法 复原法，即把原句复原成我们简洁懂得的正常结构。一旦复原，它们之间的相互关系就一目了然。疑问句复原成陈述句例： -Who are you going to havethis letter for you.-My secretary.A. typeB. typedC. bee

45、n typedD. been typing1. Who did the teacherthe article for the wall newspaper.A. writeB. have writeC. has writtenD. have written2. Who would you like to havethe car.A. repairB. repairedC. to repairD. repairing3. Is this shopsells children s clothing.A. whichB. the one thatC. the oneD. the one where.4. Is this the radio you want.Yes, it is.A.