高级中学英语语法名词教案.doc

.* 代词专项复习教 案 姓名 冉智慧 年级 应用部2年级 计划课时数 5节 课题 英语语法复习专项-----代词 教 学 目 标 1、 代词的概念和作用 2、 代词的分类：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词 3、 了解代词的种类和正确选择使用不同种类的代词 难 点 重 点 1、 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的正确使用 2、 不定代词的选择和使用 任教班级课 堂 教 学 内 容 课前 检查 作业完成情况：优□ 良□ 中□ 差□ 建议__________________________________________ 过 程 英语语法 代词 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。 一．人称代词 1.人称代词的人称、数和格。 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him？（作宾语） 3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如： ---Whos is knocking at the door？ ---It’s me. 4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如： He is older than me. He is older than I am. 二． 物主代词 1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性 物主代词。 2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here， and theirs is there.（作主语） --- Is this English-book yours？ （作表语） --- No. Mine is in my bag. I‘ve already finished my homework. Have you finished yours？ （作宾语） 三．指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those 则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil． We are busy these days． In those days the workers had a hard time． 2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物，例如： I had a cold. That’s why I didn‘t come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English． 3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai． 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如： Hello！ This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking？ 四．反身代词 英语中用来表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己” 等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。 反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。 1. 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人 或一些人。 He called himself a writer． Would you please express yourself in English？ 2. 作表语。 It doesn’t matter．I‘ll be myself soon． The girl in the news is myself． 3. 作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes．（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主语同位语） You should ask the teacher himself．（作宾语同位语） 五．不定代词 不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表 语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下： 1. some与any的区别 1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。 Look！ Some of the students are cleaning the library. 。 Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 2）any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。 If you have any questions， please ask me. There isn’t any orange in the bottle. Have you got any tea？ 3）any和some也可以作代词用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。 How many people can you see in the picture？ I can‘t see any. If you have no money， I’ll lend you some. 注意：与some， any结合的词如something， somebody， someone， anything， anyone， anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some， any的用法相同。 2. few， a few， little， a little在用法上的区别 1）用作形容词： 含义 用法表示肯定表示否定 用于可数名词a few虽少，但有几个few不多，几乎没有 用于不可数名词a little，虽少，但有一点little不多，没有什么 I‘m going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. There is only a little milk in the glass. He has few friends. They had little money with them. 2）a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 I’m a little hungry. （修饰形容词hungry） Let him sleep a little. （修饰动词sleep） Mary， go a little faster， please. （修饰副词比较级） She slept very little last night. 3. other， the other， another， others， the others的区别。 用 法 代名词形容词 单数复数单数复数 不定another 另一个others 别人，其他人another （boy） 另一个（男孩）other （boys） 其他男孩 特定the other 另一个the others 其余那些人、物the other （boy） 另一个男孩the other （boys） 其余那些男孩 1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别 的”。 Where are his other books？ I haven‘t any other books except this one. 2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one 。..， the other 。..”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old ， the other is 5 years old. She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some 。..。， others 。..”句型。 Some went to the cinema， others went swimming. This coat is too large. Show me some others， please. 4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。 We got home by 4 o’clock， but the others didn‘t get back until 8 o’clock. In5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one. You can see another ship in the sea， can‘t you？ Mary doesn’t want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one？ 6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。 I‘m still hungry after I’ve had this cake. Please give me another. 4. every与each的区别。 eachevery 1）可单独使用1）不可单独使用 2）可做代名词、形容词2）仅作形容词 3）着重“个别”3）着重“全体”，毫无例外 4）用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物4）用于三者或三者以上每一个人或物 The teacher gave a toy to each child. Each ball has a different colour. 当我们说each child， each student或each teacher时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。而当我们说every child和every student时，我们想到的是全体的情况，every的意思与all接近，表示他们都如此。 Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher. Every child likes playing. = All children like playing. our class only Tom is English， the others are Chinese. 5. all和both的用法。 1）all指三者以上，或不可数的东西。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。 All of us like Mr Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语） = We all like Mr Pope. （作同位语） All the water has been used up. （作主语） That‘s all for today. （作表语） Why not eat all （of） the fish？ （作宾语） All the leaders are here. （作定语） 2）both作代词。 ①与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都”。 Lucy and Lily both agree with us. They both passed on their sticks at the same time. How are your parents？ They’re both fine. ②与“of +代词（或名词）”连用，表示“两者都”。 Both of them came to see Mary. Both of the books are very interesting. ③单独使用，表示“两者（都）”。 Michael has two sons. Both are clever. I don‘t know which book is the better， I shall read both. 3）both用作形容词，放在名词之前，修饰该名词，表示“两者都”。 Both his younger sisters are our classmates. There are tall trees on both sides of the street. 六．相互代词 表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。相互代词有each other 和one another两种形 式。在当代英语中，each other和one another没有什么区别。相互代词可在句中作宾语，定语。作定语用时，相互代词用所有格形式。 We should learn from each other / one another. （作宾语） Do you often write to each other / one another？ （作宾语） We often borrow each other’s / one another‘s books. （作定语） The students corrected each other’s / one another‘s mistakes in their homework. （作定语） 七．疑问代词 疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑 问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如： Who is going to come here tomorrow？ （作主语） What is that？ （作表语） Whose umbrella is this？ （作定语） Whom are you waiting for？ （作宾语） 八．关系代词 关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who， whose， whom， that， which. 它们在句中可用作主语，表语，宾语，定语。 在主句中，它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如： I hate people who talk much but do little. I’m looking at the photograph which you sent me with your letter. With the money that he had saved， he went on with his studies. 【巩固练习】 1.Mary， please show ________ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D. me 答案：D。该提考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。在本题中，动词show的后面要跟双宾语，空白处缺少一个间接宾语，所以应选me。 2. ---What’s on TV tonight？ Is there _________ interesting？ ---I’m afraid not. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 答案：B。该提考查的是不定代词的用法。这是一个疑问句。在疑问句中，通常用anything。 3. ________ of them has his own opinion. A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each 答案：D。该题考查的是不定代词用法。因为谓语动词是单数形式，所以Both和Some都不对。Every 不能作主语，所以只有Each合适。 4.---Where is my pen？ ---Oh， sorry. I have taken _______ by mistake. A. yours B. his C. mine D. hers 答案：A。该题考查的是物主代词的用法。根据题干的背景，我们可以判断出错拿的钢笔应该是对方的，所以选yours。 Do you know the lady who is interviewing our headmaster？ 测试题 1. Is___a boy or girl? A. she B. he C. one D. it 2. They asked___ to do the work. A. you, he and I B. you, him and me C. I, you and he D. me, you and him 3. Someone is knocking at the door, but who can____ be? A. one B. he C. she D. it 4. ___ a heavy rain last night. A. There had B. We had C. It was D. There is 5. ___ is 200 kilometres from here to the natural park. We have to go there by car. A. There B. It C. This D. The place 6. The bear was shot in___ head. ? A. the B. its C. a D. this 7. He apologized to me for hitting me___ face. A. on the B. at the C. in the D. in my 8. Our room is big, but____ is bigger than____. A. their; our B. their; ours C. theirs; ours D. theirs; our 9. -____ is your sister?-She is a nurse. A. What B. Which C. How D. Who 10. ____ has happened and ____ did it? A. Who; who B. What; who C. What; what D. Who; what 11. ___ of you would like to go with us? A. Who B. Which C. All D. Both 12. ____ do you think you should help? A. Whose B. Which C. What D. Whom 13. We ____ at the party last Sunday. A. enjoyed myself B. enjoyed ourselves C. enjoy myself D. enjoyed ourself 14. People usually put small presents in ____ stocking on Christmas Eve. A. each other B. each others C. each others D. each others 15.-How many apples did your mother give you, Lucy or Lily?- . A. Each one B. One each C. One everyone D. One more 16. The boy runs faster than_______ in his class., A. any of the boy B. any boys C. any other boy D. all the boys 17. Could you do___for me, please? A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything 18. As we know, he is___fool. A. not B. no a C. not an D. no 19. ___ of the four roads will take you to the hospital. A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. Any 20. By the way, is there in todays newspaper? A. something new o B. anything new C. new something D. new anything 21. ____ has happened, I want you to tell me about it. A. Something B. Everything C. Anything D. Nothing 22. There are forty-four students in Class One. Nineteen of them are boys,___ are girls. A. the other B. the others C. others D. some others 23. Mr Smith has two sons. ____ is a soldier, ___ is a doctor.A. One; another B. One; otherC. This; the other D. One; the other 24. There are many people in the park now. Some are boating. ____ are walking along the lake. A. the other B. other C. the others D. others 25 .The glass is broken. Go and get____ . A. other B. another one C. .others D. the other 26. There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to understand. A. both B. all .C. every D. each 27. I didnt know that you___would___there. A. be; all B. all; be C. are; all D: all; are 28. -Are these two books interesting? -Yes, ____ of them are interesting. A. both B. all C. either D. neither 29. He couldnt make himself understood because ___ of us knew what he said. A. none B. no C. nobody D. not 30. I didnt like the cross talk. ____ of the actors was funny. A. Both B. All C. Neither D. Either 31. -How many monkeys did you see in the zoo? A. Never B. None C. No one D. Nothing 32. The boy has eaten two bananas already, but he wanted___. A. a few more B. few more C. a little more D. little more 33. I didnt get any letters yesterday, but there were____ this morning. A. a little B. few C. little D. a few 34. The film isnt interesting. ___ people like it. A. Few B. A little C. A few D. Little 35. Hurry up! There is____ time left. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 36. Sorry, I cant answer your question. I know____ about the subject.A. a little B. little C. few D. a few 37. The man missed the bus. ____ is why he was late for the meeting. A. It B. That C. This D. All 38. He has to stay at home. ___ he has a bad cold. A. This is because B. Thats why C. So is it D. The reason is 39. -How many books are there on the table? -Only four.- . A. This is all right B. Thats all right C. Thats right D. It is all right 课 堂 检 测 听课及知识掌握情况反馈_________________________________________________________。 测试题(累计不超过20分钟)_______道；成绩_______；教学需:加快□;保持□;放慢□;增加内容□ 课 后 巩 固 作业_____题; 巩固复习____________________ ; 预习布置_____________________ 教学反思