人教版八级下册英语第二单元知识点.docx
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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Unit 2 What should I do.一丶重点短语1argue v 争辩。争执argue with sb与某人吵架I argued with my best friend我和我的好伴侣吵架了。2 eitheradv. (用于否定句)也He doesnt have any money, and I dont, either他没有钱,我也没有。I can t play chess. She cant, either.我不会下国际象棋,她也不会。 too也(用于确定或疑问句)I m a teacher
2、 He is a teacher, too我是老师,他也是老师。3ask(sb) for sth向某人寻求某物。要 Dont ask for food every day Go and find some work 别每天要饭,找点儿工作做。I don t think you should ask your parents for some money.我想你不应向父母要钱。4the same as.与相同(留意前后两个比较对象的属性保持一样)The clothesare the same asmy friends这些衣服与我伴侣的一样。Tom is the same age as Anna
3、Tom is as old as Anna汤姆和安娜一样大。Her backpack is the same as mine.她的背包与我的一样。5except除以外。( 不包括在内)My class has been invited except me除我以外,我的同学都被邀请了。All the students went to the park except him除了他之外,全体同学都去过公园了。They all traveled America except her.除了她以外,全部的同学都去美国旅行过。留意区分: besides除以外,仍有 .(包括在内)We all went th
4、ere besides him除他去以外,我们也都去了。 He went thereWe went there, too 他也去了,我们也去了!/ 大家都去了!There are five more visitors besides me.除了我之外仍有5 名访客 (加上我是 6个)6wrong adj 错误的。有毛病的。不合适的 Whats wrong with you.你怎么了 . 你哪里不舒适 . Ive got a headache我头痛。Whatswrong with your watch. It doesnt work.你的手表怎么了?它不走了。留意: Whats the matt
5、er with you.= Whats wrong with you .=Whats the trouble with you.你怎么了? / 你出什么事了?7get on ( well ) with sb与某人相处(融洽)可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -get on well with sth某事进展的好The students wil
6、l get on well with the teacher同学会和老师相处得特别好。 How are you going on with your new friends.你和你的新伴侣相片如何? These days ,Mr Green gets on well with his new job.这些天,格林先生的工作进展很顺当8have a fight with sb fight with sb与某人打架I don t want to have a fight with my cousin 我不想和我的堂兄打架。They never fight with each other.They
7、are really good friends.他们从不打架,他们的确是好伴侣。二、主要句型 Key Sentences StructuresWhat should I do.You could write him a letter What should he do. Maybe he should say sorry to him What should they do. They shouldnt argue三、词语辨析1. borrow sth. from sb.从某人处借进某物(借回来)lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth把某物借给某人(借出去)注:borr
8、ow sth. from sb.是指该句的主语从别人处 往里 借进某物例:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday.他昨天从露西处借了那本字典. lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth.是指该句的主语把某物(往外)借给别人用例如: Could you lend me your car.=Could you lend your car to me.请你借给我你的车用一下好吗?2. get sb. to do使做(以人为对象时,有“说服使做”的含义) He could get a tutor to come to his
9、home.他可以请一位家庭老师来他家。 Youll never get her to agree.你决不行能使她同意。ask sb. to do邀请(人)做 We asked her to come to our party.我们请她来参与聚会 tell sb. to do让某人做某事例如:The teacher told him to finish the work that day.老师那天让他完成那项工作。3、be in style时髦的,流行的be out of style过时的,不时髦的例: Look. Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很时髦。Those
10、 clothes are out of style.那些衣服过时了。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -四、课文说明1、I don t want to surprise him.我不想让他感到意外。此处 surprise是及物动词surprise sb.使某人感到惊讶eg. My friend always surprises me.2、ta
11、lk about it on the phone用电话就此事进行沟通 On the phone在电话里。不能使用 in the phone、 eg. They talk about a lot on the phone yesterday.他们昨天在电话里谈了很多3、call sb. up =give sb. a call给某人打电话4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb.给某人写信5、give him a ticket to a ball game.给他一张观看球赛的入场券 留意 to译为: .的eg. They got two tickets
12、 to tonights show.他们搞了两张今晚表演的入场券。6、She has the same haircut as Ido.她和我有相同的发型。eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。7、find out(经过某人的讨论、努力)发觉,查出,找出You should find out the answer for yourself.你应当自己去找答案。8、Everyone else in my class was invitedexceptme.除了我以外,我们班其他别的人都接到了邀请(信)此句中 e
13、lse 一词不能单独使用,它必需跟在不定代词像“someone, anyone nobody ”等词的后面,或跟在特别疑问词像“what, where ”等词的后面使用意思是“别的”eg. What else别的什么, Who else其他谁someone else其他人9、I can t think what I did wrong.我真想不出我做错了什么。此句中 what I did wrong是宾语从句 ,应用陈述语序(即 :主语 +动词)10、I m very upset and dont know what to do.我很懊丧,不知该干什么。此句中 what to do是不定式作
14、know 的宾语,可用宾语从句来代替。可以说成“I dont know what I should do.”请背熟以下两个常见结构:I don t knowwhat to do. 我不知道该 做什么 。I don t knowhow to do it.我不知道该 怎么去做它 。11、There are a lot of things you could do.有很多你能做的事。此句中 you could do是定语从句,修饰前面的名词“things ”12、You left your homework at home. 你把你的作业落在家里了。leave sth. + 介词短语,是“把 忘在,
15、落在(某处)的意思。eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把伞忘在公交车上。注: 千万不能依据汉语的说法写为:forget sth ,只能用 leave sth.表示“落下 ”13、You should try to be funny.你应当试着幽默一些。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Try to d
16、o努力做,试着做,尽量做而 try not to do是尽量不做eg. Please try not to be late again.请尽量不要再迟到。14、Their school days are busy enough.他们的学校生活是够忙的。enough 必需放在形容词 / 副词的后面 , 表示“足够的”(后置)eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple.他足够高的可以够着那个苹果。15、be under too much pressure.在太多的压力下16、see other children doing a lot of things看别
17、的孩子在做很多事 seesb. doing观察某人正在干某事(强调动作正在进行) Seesb do sth观察某人做过某事(强调动作已终止)eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那时我们观察他们在打篮球17、find it hard to do sth.发觉做(事)很难He found it hard to learn math well.他发觉学好数学很难注: it中学阶段常作:形式主语/ 形式宾语,而句子真正的主语 / 宾语就由 to do来担当.一、介词按其构成可分为:1. 简洁介词 at, in, on, to, since,
18、until等。如:Hes worked there since 1998.2. 复合介词 into, onto, out of等。如:She is out of school.她毕业了。3. 二重介词 from under, from behind, from out of, until after, except in等。如:Im from out of town.我是从城外来的。4. 短语介词 because of, instead of, in spite of等。如:I went back not because of the rain, but because I was tired
19、.我回去不是由于下雨,而是由于我累了。二、介词的作用:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -1. 表示的点: after, along, at, below, by, of, near, over, through, under等。如:Near the village the boys are skating on the ice.男孩子们正在
20、村子邻近的冰上滑冰。They lay down under the shade of a tree.他们躺在一棵树的树阴下。2. 表示时间: about, after, across, at, during, for, in, of, till, until等。如:After class he will tell us about the accident.课后他将告知我们有关事故的情形。A heavy rain has been falling across three days.一场大雨下了整整三天。The accident happened during the night.事故发生在夜
21、间。3. 表示动作: at, across, around, on, over, under等。如:The earth goes around the sun.的球绕太阳运行。The car is under repair.汽车在修理中。4. 表示比较: as, like, above, over, with等。如:She was something like her sister.她有几份像她的妹妹。Chinese is much more difficult in contrast with English.和英语相比,汉语难得多。5. 表示缘由: about, for, from, wi
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