概要写作题目.docx

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1、概要写作训练出题人：何珊珊1阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。（2019年浙江卷）Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, “Weve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise, p

2、arents think theyre building their childrens confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way thats insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents praise has put t

3、hem.Still, dont go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like theyre not good enough or that you dont care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise?

4、Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our childrens efforts to push themselves an

5、d work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that its the process not the end product that matters.”Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if hes out there e

6、very day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be gi

7、ven on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it._ _【答案】Parents tend to go to extremes when it comes to praising their kids. (要点一) Yet, both too much and too little praise can be equally damaging. (要点二) When giving praise, parents should be sin

8、cere and concentrate on the process instead of the result. (要点三) Similarly, they ought to give praise for how much effort their kids have invested in the work theyre involved in. (要点四)2. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。（2018年11月浙江高考）Its a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their w

9、ebsites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus(校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year

10、 hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making t

11、he right one.Theres no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that wont be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!If campus visits arent g

12、oing to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools youd like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you dont like about certain campuses, things that you wou

13、ldnt know unless you actually visit.Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. Its a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors (顾问), and it wont cost you a penny! You can register for its online

14、college fair at . While visiting an online college fair cant take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities youd like to attend._【答案】Its really worthwhile to p

15、ay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying. (要点一)Undoubtedly, students should visit their local colleges, which may be included in applications.（要点二）At least, they should visit the school and figure out its real conditions in advance.（要点三）For students who are short of money and

16、time, registering for the online college fair is a good alternative to help them better understand schools.（要点四）3. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Many people know that trash (垃圾) is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people dont know is that trash has become a problem in outer space too. Years of s

17、pace exploration have left tons of “space junk” in orbit around the planet. According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of junk in space around the earth. And these are just the items that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes. There are also millions of smaller pieces

18、of junk that we cant see.Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to people, particularly astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spacecra

19、ft, it could damage the vehicle. Thats because the faster an object moves, the greater the impact if the object collides (相撞) with something else.To help reduce additional space junk, countries around the world have agreed to limit the time their space tools stay in orbit to 25 years. Each tool must

20、 be built to fall safely into the earths atmosphere, or the mass of gases that surround the earth. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up. Many scientists are also putting forward different ways to clean up space junk. In England a metal tool is being tested that can be fired into spa

21、ce trash, catch the trash, and then pull the trash into the earths atmosphere where it would burn up. The Germans have been planning a space project with robots that would collect pieces of space trash and bring them back to Earth so that they can be safely destroyed. The problem of space junk is ve

22、ry challenging, and its quite urgent as well. One reason why its urgent is that countries are sending more and more objects into space. Many of these objects are tools that help people use their cell phones or computers. The time to act is now; as we go farther in time we will need to remove more an

23、d more fragments (碎片)._答案：It is unknown to many people that there is a lot of trash in outer space. (要点一) Small pieces of trash can cause severe damage. (要点二) To solve the problem, many efforts have been made to reduce additional space junk. (要点三) The problem is so urgent that we need to take action

24、 right now. (要点四)4. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。A class pet can be an invaluable experience for elementary school children. The pet can teach responsibility, build a connection to the classroom, serve as a motivator, and be something for the children to love. If the teacher is willing to take on the a

25、dded responsibility of caring for an animal in addition to all of the children in the classroom, a class pet can be a wonderful addition to a class.Many factors need to be taken into consideration when choosing a class pet. It cannot be too big, as classrooms generally have limited space. Cost shoul

26、d also be considered since the teacher will likely have to pay for the pet, its food and its habitat. It must also be somewhat hardy (耐寒的). Each particular type of animal has its advantages and disadvantages, and a teacher must weigh these and make a decision about which one is right for his or her

27、class.Birds are physically more delicate (娇养) than many other animals. They will not survive in drafts (气流) and need a somewhat regulated temperature in their environment. Many birds are quite social and do best with other birds or when being handled routinely by people who can be appropriate with t

28、hem. Young children are not likely to have the skill to handle a bird without harming it, making it a poor choice for a class pet.Some reptiles are beautiful to look at but are delicate, afraid of cold, light sensitivity or poisonous and shouldnt be handled by children. Others are more hardy but req

29、uire expensive habitats. Most snakes eat rats and mice, which may be a frightening thing for small children to witness.A hardy fish, such as a betta, is a good low-cost option for a class pet. They are obviously not huggable or able to be caught by children. Besides, they are inexpensive, have relat

30、ively long life spans, and can be kept in a simple fish bowl._【答案】A class pet is a wonderful addition to the class, which can develop childrens responsibility, build a connection and act as a motivator. But many factors need considering when choosing a class pet, including its size, cost, advantages

31、 and disadvantages. Birds and reptiles are a poor choice because they are delicate and easy to be harmed by children. A hardy fish can be an ideal class pet, for its cheap, long-lived and easy to raise.5. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。(16浙江样题)Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good

32、 thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to

33、lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had

34、taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the advantage of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbour ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to heal

35、th. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War . Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hat

36、e for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children

37、to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some reason._答案：People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. (要点一) For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected people from getting ill.(要点二) However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. (要点三) But, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt many help our immune system. (要点四)试卷第3页，总4页