数字产品相关会计问题研究-唐小龙.pdf
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1、 分类号:F230 10710-2013223064 专业硕士学位论文 数字产品相关会计问题研究 唐小龙 导师姓名职称 杨 红 博 士 申请学位类别 硕士 专业学位类别 及领域名称 会计 论文提交日期 2015年4月30日 论文答辩日期 2015年6月9日 学位授予单位 长安大学 Research on Accounting Issues of Digital Products A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate:Tang Xiaolong Supervisor:Dr. Yang Hong Changan Universi
2、ty,Xi an,China I 摘要 发达的网络技术和计算机水平的日益提高激发越来越多数字产品的出现。作为新兴事物,数字产品给社会带来了巨大的变化,并将在经济中获得更大的份额。但是目前针对数字产品尚无较为成熟和统一的会计处理方案。问题主要是由于会计领域的专家、学者以及数字产品的生产者、经营者持有不同的看法,并因此对数字产品的会计处理方式没有办法达成一致,而这无疑会在很大程度上影响涉及数字产品企业提供会计信息的质量,从而影响作为信息使用者的利益相关者的决策。因此,数字产品的相关会计问题的探讨和研究都成为了亟待解决的热点问题。 本文采用规范研究方法,结合目前数字产品的相关研究成果,基于对数字产品
3、的界定和分类,通过分析数字产品的一些具体示例,并与会计准则、法律法规相联系,最终提出解决数字产品的相关会计问题的统一方案。本文研究指出: (1)数字产品是以数字形态存在完全数字化的产品。鉴于它的特殊性,需要新设“数字资产”、“数字资产研发成本”、“数字资产累计摊销”、“费用化支出”、“资本化支出”等确认和计量。要确认为数字资产,必须是所有权归属于企业的数字产品,按照购买的价格或者自行研发的成本计量。(2)数字产品的收入确认会因为数字产品的分类以及定价策略和营销策略不同而产生差异。由于数字产品的成本和数量没有直接的关系,在确认其成本的过程中,应当首先确定它的预期收益期间并以此为依据确定摊销期限和
4、每期摊销额。确定的每期摊销额连同当期发生相关费用计入当期成本,借记“主营业务成本”,贷记“数字资产累计摊销”、“应付职工薪酬”等科目。(3)为了完善数字产品的披露,应修改现有资产负债表的格式,即在非流动资产中添加数字资产和数字资产研发支出两个项目。而且数字资产的期初金额、期末余额、预期收益年限、摊销方法以及金额还有需要费用化处理和资本化处理的支出金额等信息还需要在附注中详细说明。 关键词:数字产品 会计确认 会计计量 信息披露 III Abstract Advanced computer and network technology makes more and more digital pr
5、oducts. As newly-developing things, digital products has brought a great change to the world, and it will take up a greater share in the economy. But now there is no unified and good accounting treatment for digital products. It is mainly due to the experts, scholars in accounting field and producer
6、s, operators for digital products have different views, and therefore they cannot reach a consensus on a unified accounting treatment for digital products. This will undoubtedly make much influence on the quality of relevant companies accounting information for digital products. Thus it will control
7、 the information usersstakeholders decisions. So, the accounting issue of digital products become a hot issue and need to be inquired and researched. This paper, uses the standard research methods combined with the current research achievement of digital products, analyzes some specific examples of
8、digital products based on the definition and classification, and connects with accounting standards, laws and regulations, then proposes a unified solutions of accounting issues for digital products. This paper points out: (1) Digital products exist digital morphologically and they are completely di
9、gital things. As they are special, it is needed to establish new accounting subjects such as “digital assets“, “research and development costs for digital assets“, “accumulated amortization of digital assets“, “research and development spending for digital assets“ and others to make business account
10、ing. The digital products which enterprises owned or controlled for sale can be accounting confirmed. Accounting measurement on the basis of the price they purchase for digital products or the costs which they use to develop by themselves. (2) The accounting recognition for the incomes of digital pr
11、oducts will be different because of different classifications, pricing strategies or marketing strategies. For there is no relationship between the cost and quantity of digital products, in order to make accounting recognition for the cost of digital products, first the expected earning period shoul
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