最新土壤污染及防治(英语)ppt课件.ppt

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1、土壤污染及防治土壤污染及防治( (英语英语) )Environmental pollution and preventionSoil pollution hazards and the status quo3The concept of characteristics of the soil pollution1Soil pollution reasons24Of soil pollution prevention and control measures3.3.Excessive application of fertilizers.Excessive application of fert

2、ilizers. Long-term large-scale use of chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, will destroy the soil structure, resulting in soil compaction, degradation of arable soil tilth shallow plowing deteriorated security fertilizer capacity decline and deterioration of the biological properties, a

3、nd increase the cost of agricultural production, the impactthe crop yield and quality4 heavy use of pesticides4 heavy use of pesticides Crops from the soil to absorb pesticides accumulated in plant roots, stems, leaves, fruits and seeds, and endanger human and livestock health through food, feed5 so

4、lid waste5 solid wastenIndustrial waste and municipal waste soil solid contaminants. For example, a wide range of all kinds of trash generated management, recycling poor, the large amount of waste was left on the land caused by land pollution.6 Heavy metal elementsnHeavy metal pollutants into the so

5、il to the presence of soluble and insoluble particles, such as fluorine, mercury, cadmium, Zn, Pb, Ni such as arsenic, chromium in the soil that can be absorbed by plants and enriched.7 Radioactive substances contaminated soilnSoil radiation contamination source of uranium and thorium mining, uraniu

6、m enrichment, nuclear waste disposal, nuclear weapons explosions, nuclear experiments, coal-fired power plants, phosphate ore mining processing. Easily adsorbed by the soil, the residence time is longer.Third. Hazards and the status quo of the landHazard:Hazard:1.Soil pollution worsens already strai

7、ned more shortage of 1.Soil pollution worsens already strained more shortage of arable land resourcesarable land resources2.Soil pollution tremendous threat to peoples health2.Soil pollution tremendous threat to peoples health3.Soil pollution to adverse impact on agricultural 3.Soil pollution to adv

8、erse impact on agricultural development has brought greatdevelopment has brought great4.Soil pollution is also an important reason to cause 4.Soil pollution is also an important reason to cause environmental pollutionenvironmental pollution5.Pollutants in soil pollution migration and retention, and

9、5.Pollutants in soil pollution migration and retention, and may continue to cause land contaminationmay continue to cause land contamination6.Soil pollution seriously jeopardize the interests of 6.Soil pollution seriously jeopardize the interests of future generations, is not conducive to the sustai

10、nable future generations, is not conducive to the sustainable development of the rural economydevelopment of the rural economy Currently, the uproar cancer villages. China cancer village space distribution is very uneven, in addition to the four provinces of Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia has not be

11、en found outside the village of cancer, are distributed in 27 provinces across the country, the number of significant differences between these provinces cancer village. Number of cancer Village in Henan Province, more than 39 is the greatest. Causes, removal of part of the formation of the unexplai

12、ned cancer villages, the formation of the cancer villages remaining 90% are associated with modern industrial pollution. Such factories and mines mainly include chemical plants, printing and dyeing, paper mills, pharmaceutical plants, tanneries, alcohol plants, power plants, lime kilns, where the ch

13、emical plant caused environmental pollution lead to the the cancer villages phenomenon most common. Status: At present, the overall situation of soil pollution in China is grim, serious soil pollution in some areas, the soil heavily polluted area in heavy polluting enterprises or industry-intensive

14、areas, the mining mining areas and the surrounding region, urban and peri-urban areas and high-risk areas. Various types of soil pollution, showing the coexistence of old and new pollutants, inorganic-organic composite pollution situation. Soil pollution pathway, the reasons are complicated, difficu

15、lt to control. Soil environmental supervision and management system is not perfect, inadequate investment in soil pollution prevention, social prevention awareness. Agricultural products quality and safety problems caused by soil pollution and mass incidents are increasing year by year, become impor

16、tant factors that affect the public health and social stability.Land pollution status of general characteristics:1. Increased pollution levels According to incomplete survey, the national contaminated farmland and about 1.5 million mu, 3250 mu of arable land irrigated with sewage pollution, solid wa

17、ste dumps covers an area of 200 mu and Hui Tian, together account for about one-tenth of the total area of cultivated landabove, most of which is concentrated in the more economically developed regions.2.2.Huge pollution hazard.Huge pollution hazard. It is estimated that the country each year due to

18、 heavy metal contamination of food amounted to 12 million tons, resulting in direct economic losses of over 20 billion yuan. Soil pollution caused by harmful substances accumulated in the crop enters the body through the food chain and cause various diseases, ultimately endanger human health. Soil p

19、ollution directly affects the structure and function of the soil ecosystem, will eventually become a threat to ecological security.3.3.Pollution prevention foundation is weakPollution prevention foundation is weak Currently, the area of the national soil pollution, distribution and extent is unclear

20、, the lack of prevention measures targeted. Prevention of soil pollution laws or blank, nor the formation of soil environmental standard system. Limited capital investment, soil science research is difficult to carry out in-depth. A considerable part of the masses and the enterprises are lack of awa

21、reness of the seriousness and danger of soil pollution。Fourth, the prevention of soil Fourth, the prevention of soil pollutionpollution1.Soil pollution prevention and control, including two aspects: First, the anti, is to take measures to prevent soil pollution; The second is the rule is already con

22、taminated soil improved governance.2.2.Soil pollution prevention measuresSoil pollution prevention measures 1 scientific use of Sewage Irrigation2 Rational use of pesticides, and actively3 develop high-efficiency low-residue pesticides3 Actively promote biological pest4 to raise public awareness of

23、soil conservation 3.3.Soil pollution control Soil pollution control measuresmeasures1 Bioremediation of contaminated soil2 contaminated soil chemical methods of governance3 increase organic fertilizer4 regulation of soil redox conditions5 to change the rotation system6 Changing soil and tilling the

24、soil7 implementation of targeted measures In short, according to the environmental policy of prevention first, the primary task of preventing soil pollution control and eliminate soil pollution, prevent soil pollution; contaminated soil, it is necessary to take all effective measures to remove the contaminants in the soil,improve the soil, preventing the migration and transformation of pollutants in the soil.25 结束语结束语