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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载祈使句一.祈使句的句式特点祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、嘱咐、恳求或命令等。因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但依据 其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,朗读时,常用降调。在表达恳求或劝告时,在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用。例如: Keep off the grass. 勿踩草的!Put the boxes in the small room. 把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。二.祈使句
2、的确定句式祈使句的确定句式一般分为以下三种类型:1.行为动词原形其它成分。例如: Make sentences after the model.依据例句造句。Have a good time.愿你玩得爽快。2. Be 动词其它成分形容词、名词或介词短语等。例如: Be careful when crossing the street. 过公路时要当心。3.Let宾语动词原形其它成分。例如: Let him go back now. 让他现在回去吧。Let me have a rest. 让我休息一会儿吧。三.祈使句的否定句式祈使句的否定句式,通常情形下在句首加上Dont或 Never ,一般分
3、为以下四种类型:1.在祈使句的确定句式前加Don,t构成 Dont行为动词原形其它成分。例如: Dont say that again.别再那样说了!2.在 Be 动词引起的确定祈使句前加Don,t构成 Don t be 其它成分 形容词、 名词或介词短语等。留意:在这种句型中be 不能省略。否定副词not 不行置于be 之后。例如: Dontbe careless.不要马虎。3. Let 引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种:(1) Let 开头的祈使句,假如后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格,可在Let 前加 Don,t也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。2 假如以 Let 开s头的祈使
4、句,必需在Let 后s加 not。例如 :Dont let me go with her tomorrow. Let me not go with her tomorrow.不要让我明天跟她一起去。Let s not tell her teh truth whenever we meet her.无论什么时候我们遇到她,都不要告知她真相。4.在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用No 名词 /V-ing 形式结构,表示禁止做某事。例如:NO Photos. 禁止拍照!No Entry 禁止入内 .No Passing 禁止通行 .No Smoking 禁止吸烟 .四.祈使句的反意问句祈使句的反意
5、疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来打算其疑问部分。通常有以下三种形式:祈使句为确定句式,其反意疑问句表示恳求时,通常用will you 。表示邀请、劝告时,用won t you。例如: Be sure to write to us, will you. 你肯定要给我们写信,好吗?可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Come to have dinner with us this evening, won今t晚yo来u和.2.祈使句为否定句式,其反意疑问句通常只用will you 。我们一起吃饭,好吗?可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结例如: Dont smoke i
6、n the meeting room, will you. 不要在会议室抽烟,好吗?3. Let 开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时,除Let 用s shall we 外,其它均用will you 。例如 :Let the boy go first, will you.让个那男孩先走,好吗?Let s take a walk after supper, shall we晚.饭后我们去漫步,好吗?五.祈使句的应答句可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - -
7、 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载祈使句的动作是未发生的动作,常用 I will. 来回答其确定式,表示情愿接受恳求或命令,用 I wont. 来回答其否定式。另外 ,常用 All right. / OK. / Yes, lets. / A good idea.等来回答 Lets.句式 ,表示接受建议;用 You may. / Youcan.等来回答Let us.句式 ,表示答应或同意。六.祈使句与陈述句的并列使用祈使句后接陈述句时,须用连接词连接。假如祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时,要用并列连词and
8、来连接。假如祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时,要用并列连词or 来连接。考查 祈使句 或名词词组 + and或 or+ 简洁句 这一固定句型。例如: Leave it with me and I will see what I can do.把它留给我吧,我想想有没有方法。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Hurry up, or well be la快te点.七.祈使句与条件状语从句的连用,否就我们要迟到了。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结祈使句与条件状语从句连用时,条件状语从句可置于祈使句前或后。 例如: Tell him to make a phone
9、call to me if he comes here tomorrow.假如他明天来这儿的话,叫他给我来个电话。八.祈使句的强调形式祈使句的强调形式通常在确定祈使句式前加上助动词DoDo 在句中无意义 。例如 :Do shut up. 快住口!Do be careful.务请当心。Do come on time.务必请准时来。九.运用祈使句的误区1、祈使句往往简洁与不定式、分词或条件状语从句相混淆。在平常的练习或测试中,假如稍不留神,就会出错。因此,要仔细审题,仔细分析句子结构,并依据上下文语境,作出正确判定。例如: your composition carefully, some spel
10、ling mistakes can be avoided.A. Having checkedB. CheckC. If you checkD. To check析:假如空白处选填BCheck 项,就视为祈使句,但后一分句前没有并列连接词and 连接。如选A 或 D项分词或不定式,句中规律主语some spelling mistakes 又不能执行这个动作,故均不符合句子结构。因此,只有C 项条件状语从句符合句子结构及句意。2. 考查祈使句型与非谓语动词作状语的辨别才能留意标点符号如破折号 的功能,牢记常见祈使句的结构,排除非谓语动词的干扰非谓语动词提前作状语,常用逗号与后面分开,表示时间、缘由
11、、条件、目的等。 原题再现 答案 : AIve never seen anyone run so fast - David go.A. just watch B. just to watch C. just watching D. just having watched【指点迷津】确定结构的祈使句常以谓语动词原形开头。否定结构的祈使句常在谓语动词原形前加上Never 或 Dont。以 let 引导的祈使句结构,有以下几种情形:1. “ Let me动+ 词原形 ”,意为 “请让我”。2. “ Let 动s词+原形 ”,意为 “让我们”,表示建议或恳求。3. “ Le第t+ 三人称作宾语+动词原
12、形 ”,意为 “让”,表示愿望、命令或答应。在开头的动词原形前加Do(务必)或Always (永久),表示强调。如:Do write to us often.务必常常给我们写信。一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. It s an important meeting. not, be late.2. not,make any noise. Your mother is sleeping.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名
13、师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载3. not, speak with your mouth full of food and be polite.4. not, talk and read aloud.5. not,leave your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. look out. A car is coming.7. give us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. not, let the baby cry
14、.9. Wear more clothes or you catch a cold.10. Let s not, say anything about it.二、挑选正确答案填空:1. If you are tired, a rest.A. haveB. havingC. to haveD. had 2. me go. It is very important for me.A. Do letB. let doC. Doing letD. To do let 3. He is not honest. believe him.A. NotB. Don tC. To notD. Not to4.
15、If you want to stay, let me know, .A. will youB. shall weC. do youD. do we 5. Never come late again, .A. will youB. won tC. do youD. does he6. up early tomorrow, or you can t catch the train.A. GettingB. GetC. To getD. Got7. in the street. It s dangerous.A. Not playB. Not to playC. Don t playD. Don
16、t to play 8. Please me some money, will you.A. lendB. lendingC. to lendD. be lend 9. The film is about to begin. Please seated.A. beB.areC. isD. being 10. the boxes. You may use them later.A. KeepB. KeepingC. To keepD. Kept 11.Her doctor said:“ work so hard”A StopB Don tC Can tD No 12. Sindy, to be
17、here at 8 o clockA is sureB is sure thatC will be sureD be sure 13. when you cross the road.A Do careB CareC Do be carefulD To be careful 14. him the secret, will you.A Don t tellB Not to tellC Not tellingD No telling15. in bed. It s bad for your eyes.A Not to readB Don t readC Don t to readD Not re
18、ad 16. Your child. We ll lohoimk a. fterA Not to worry aboutB Don t worry aboutC Not worry forD Don t worry with 17.They are very tired. Why have a rest.A not theyB do not theyC don t theyD not to18 -You look rather tired. stopping to have a rest.- All right.A Why notB How aboutC Why not toD.why don
19、t 19 tell a lie.A HardlyB NotC NoD Never 20.Please look outside. Look at the blackboard.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载A notB don tC aren tD can t答案1 Don t be 2 dont make 3 don t speak be 4 dont talk read 5 don t leave 6 look 7 give 8 don t let 9 will catch 10 not say1-5AABAA6-10 BCAAA11-15BDCAB16-20BCBDB可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载
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