反义疑问句特殊用法总结教学文稿.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结1. 当陈述部分的主语是 I,而句子又用来征询对方的看法时,附加疑问句中的主语用 you。如：I find English very interesting, don t you. I don t like that film, do you.2. 当陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, noone, somebody, anybody, anyone, none, neither等合成代词时,附加疑问句中的主语通常用 they。但亦可用 he,特别是 nobody, no one 等作主语,具有否定概念时。如：Every

2、one is here, arent they. No one knows about it, do they.Somebody phoned while I was out, didn t they. Everyone enjoyed the party, didnt they.Nobody wants to go there, does he.3. 当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing,anything, something 时,反意疑问句中的主语一般用it ,不用 they。如： Everything seems all right now, doesn t

3、it.Nothing is kept in good order, is it.Something must be done to stop pollution, isnt it. Something is wrong with my radio, isnt it.4. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词 this, that 或 these, those 时,附加疑问句中的主语分别用 it 和 they。如：This is important, isn t it.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结That isn t correct, is it. This is a plane, i

4、snt it.These are grape,s arent they.These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren t they.5. 假如陈述部分是以代词one 作主语, 附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用 one,非正式场合用 you,在美国英语中,在非正式场合仍可以用he。如：One should be ready to help others, shouldnt one. One can t be too careful, can one.或 can you.One should do his duty, shouldn t he.6. 假如陈述部分

5、用 Im结构,附加疑问部分一般用 arent I/ain t I/am I not。如：I am strong and healthy, aren t I.I am working now, ain t I.7. 当陈述句为 there be 结构时,附加疑问句中的主语也用 there。如： Theres no help for it, is there.Theres something wrong, isnt there.8. 陈述部分带有 seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing, not, no, no one

6、, nobody, none, neither, never 等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用确定形式。如：Bob rarely got drunk, did he. Few people know him, do they.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结He is never late for school, is he.She seldom goes to the cinema, does she. You got nothing from him, did you.假如陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀, 那么,该陈述部分作确定处理,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如

7、：He was unsuccessful, wasn t he.Tom dislikes the book, doesn t he. It is unfair, isnt it.9. 当陈述部分为主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如：She says that I did it, doesn t she.I told them not everybody could do it ,didn t I.但当陈述部分的主语是I,谓语是 think, believe, suppose, expect 这类动词时,附加疑问部分就往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关 系

8、,但要留意否定的转移。I suppose that he s serious, isn t he. I don t think she cares, does she.10. 当陈述部分是并列句, 附加疑问句就需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一样。如：Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldnt he.11在由“祈使句 +附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中,附加疑问部分可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结一般用 will you, won t you, would

9、you,有时也可用 can you, cant you, why dont you, could you 等。用 will you 多表示“恳求”,用 wont you 多表示提示对方留意。如：Look at the blackboard, will you/wont you.Dont open the door, will you. Give me some cigarettes, can you. Take a rest, why dont you.但是,以 lets 开头的祈使句, 附加疑问部分用 shall we 或 shant we;以 let us 开头的祈使句,假如含义是 all

10、ow us,不包括听话人在内, 疑问部分用 will you。如：Lets go home, shall we/shant we.Lets have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we. Let us go out for a rest, will you.12. 当陈述部分带有情态动词must 表示“必需”时,疑问部分用 mustn t。如：You must work hard next term, mustn t you.I must answer the letter, mustnt I.但如表估计这层含义时,不能用must,而要依据陈

11、述部分的不定式 结构（即 must 之后的动词）以及含义采纳相应的动词形式。must + have + done 是对过去情形的估计,当陈述部分没有明确的表示过去的时间状语时,附加疑问要用have 的相应形式。当陈述部分有明确的过去时间状语时,附加疑问要用过去时。如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结精品文档You must have made a mistake, haven t you.They must have seen the film last week, didn t they. He must be in the library, isn t he.13. 当陈述

12、部分含有情态动词 used to 时,疑问部分可用 usednt 或didn t。如：The old man used to smoke, didnt he.或 usedn t he. Tom used to live here, usedn t he.或 didn t he.14. 当陈述部分带有情态动词 ought to 时,疑问部分用 oughtnt 或shouldn t。如：He ought to know the answer, oughtnt he.We ought to read this book, oughtn t we.或 shouldn t we. 15当陈述部分含有 h

13、ad better 时,疑问部分用 hadnt 。如：Youd better finish your homework now, hadnt you.16. 感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be 的现在时,且常用否定形式。如：What a clever boy, isnt he. What a lovely day, isnt it.17. 陈述句子中的主语为从句、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,疑问部分的主语通常用it 。如：Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn t it. Between six and se

14、ven will suit you, wont it.Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it.精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结精品文档What you need is more important, isnt i？t18. 在口语和非正式文体中,为了加强语气,只是表示某种诧异、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答,这时前后两部分的确定、否定是一样的。如：Oh, he is a writer, is he. Youll not go, won t you.19. 陈述句中的谓语动词是 wish,表

15、示愿望时用 may,且用确定形式。如：I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I.20. 当陈述部分带有表示“全部”含义的动词have（ has）时,疑问部分既可用 have 形式,也可用 do 形式。如：You have a new bike, haven t you（或 dont you）.She doesnt have any money in her pocket, does she.21. havehas不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做谓语时,其反意疑问句的助动词要用 do, does, did。例如：They had a meeting just now, didnt they.22. 陈述部分有 have to 时,其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如：You have to water the vegetables every day, dont you.精品文档可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载