仁爱英语八级下、单元语法总结.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结一、宾语从句仁爱英语八年级下册7、8 单元语法总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子就被称为宾语从句。宾语从句与主句之间由连 接词来连接。学习宾语从句，要留意以下三个方面，即引导词、语序和时态。1、引导词引导宾语从句的引导词按所引导的句子结构特点可以分为三类：(1) that 引导的宾语从句， that 在宾语从句中无意义，不充当任何成分，在口语和非正式文体中常省略，这种宾语从句常是述句变化而来的。I think that

2、 he is right. 我认为他是对的。The teacher says, It is a good book.”The teacher says that it is a good book.老师说这是一本好书。I know that they come from China. 我知道他们来自中国。(2) 由 if/ whether引导的宾语从句由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句， if 或 whether 在句中不充当任何成分， 只起连接作用，但不能省略。在句中翻译成“是否”。这种宾语从句常是一 般疑问句转化而来的。I am not sure whether/if there

3、 are UFOs. She asked,“ jim, do you like English . She asked jim if/ whether he liked English.(3) 疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问词包括疑问代词 what, which, who, whose 和疑问副词 when, how, where, why ，疑问词在从句中充当成分，不行省略，这种宾语从句常是特殊疑问句 转化而来的。Could you tell me when they will arrive. I dont know who he isCould you tell me where the pos

4、t office is.2. 语序宾语从句要用述句语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。如：Does he like Time English Post. Do you know. 合并成宾语从句Do you know可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结仁爱英语八年级下册7、8 单元语法总结 if/ whether he likes Time English Post.What are they talking about. I want to know. 合并成宾语从句可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结I want to know what they are talking

5、about.3. 时态当主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时态时，宾语从句中的时态不受主句影响。当主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时态时，宾语从句就使用相应的过去时态。I think that t can sell newspapers.I think I should have a talk with hei.I heard you had a bad cold注：假如宾语从句所表达的容是客观真理或客观事实时，从句中的动词时态不受主句的谓语动词时态的限制。The teacher said that the earth movesround the sun.He said he is forty专项训练1.

6、 I am sorry I am late.A. whom B.ifC.thatD. how2._he comes or not, I am not sure.A .whether B.ifC.thatD.where3. I knowhe isnt aworker .A. if B. whetherC.thatD. who4. could you tell me how long .For two weeksA. have you borrowed this bookB. you have borrowed this bookC. you have kept this book D.have

7、you kept this book5. what did the teacher say.She asked A. what are you readingB. what you are readingC. what were you readingD. what you were readingII 按要求完成句子1. He asked.- when will they fly to Fuzhou.连成宾语从句 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -2. Could you tell me .- where

8、 does he live.（ 连成宾语从句）3. I want to know .- how many children da they have.（连成宾语从句）4. When can jane finish the work. I dont know - （连成宾语从句）二 、 副 词 的 比 较 等 级1 . 副 词 的 比 较 等 级 的 构 成副词和形容词一样，也有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。副词的比较等级 的变化 与 形 容 词 比 较 等 级 的 变 化 大 致 相 同 。规就变化举构成方法原级比较级最高级例单音节词和一般情形在词hardHarderHardest少数双音节尾

9、力 P-er,-estfastfasterfaster可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结词以字母 e 结尾的，只加-r,-st以辅音字母加 y 结尾的，先 改y 为 i, 再 加 er,-estlatelaterlatestearlyearlierearliest可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结多音节词和在词前加QuicklyMore quicklyMost quickly可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结部分双音节词more, mostslowlyMore slowlyMost slowly可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结留意：如副

10、词是通过形容词加后缀ly 派生来的，比较级和最髙级加more, most,但 early 中的 ly 不是后缀，因此其比较级和最高级不能加more,mosto不规章变化原级比较级最髙级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworst可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -littlelessleastmuchmoremostfarfar

11、ther furtherfarthest furthest2.副词比较等级的用法1原级的用法as+副词+as 和什么一样，同什么一样可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结He run as fast as me他.和我跑的一样快。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Tom studies as hard as jim汤姆和吉姆学习一样努力。(2) 比较级的用法 A+比较级 +than+B 表示 A 比 B 更She works harder than his brother.她比他弟弟学习努力。Lily wrote more carefully than lucy.莉莉写

12、的比露西更细心。 表示一事物随另一事物的变化而变化，用the +比较级。， the+比较级。，表示越什么就越什么The harder you work, the better you do 3最髙级的用法the +副词最髙级 +in/of围 副词最髙级前的定冠词通常会省略，后面多接表 示围的介词短语 He runs the fastest hi his class 他是班里跑的最快的。Arm works the hardest among the eight girls. 安是八个女孩中工作最努力的Of all these songs, I like this one best.在这些歌曲中，

13、我最喜爱这首。 专项训练依据句意和括号中的副词提示进行翻译填空。1. Steven speaks loudly Amy does.史蒂芬说话和艾米一样大声。2. I w 订 1 do well next time.我下次会做好一点。3. Toby runs_fast you. 托比跑的和你一样快。4. He worked hard all the teachers.他是全部老师中最努力工作的。5. Please walk slowly. 请走慢一点。6. She came here_early usual. 她来得比平常早。7. We went _ far you do. 我们走的比你远。可编

14、辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结8. John played basketball 常常打篮球。frequently I expected.约翰比我 . 预想的更可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -9. I 1 ike springwell .我最喜爱春天。10. He stayed

15、 long the group. 他是组里待的最久的。11. It rained_ heavily. 雨下的越来越大了。副词的比较等级1. John speaksTom.A. more clearly than B. clearlier than C.clear as D clearly as2. /Xndrew can speak Englishhis teacher.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. so fluent as3. Nancy talksB. as fluent as inher fami 1 y.C. as fluently asD. so fluent

16、ly as可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. less B. leastC.the lessD. as least as可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结，4. She doesnt getup Bherparents.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. as earlily as.so early asC. so earlily asD. so earlier as可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结5. Jake played the violinin his class.A. betterB. more best C. muc

17、h the best D. much the better6. Cars runthan bikes.A. faster B. fast C .more fastly D. fastly7. you work f _you learn.A. The hard 。 the moreB. Hard 。 much C.Harder。 more D. The harder 。 the more三. Sothatso that. 和 such.that1. such-that 作“如此以致”解，连接一个表示结果的状语从句。与so that 意思相同，但用法不同。如：so-that 这一结构中， so 后

18、边可加形容词或 副词, 而 such 后边要用名词 这个名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带 。因 此，suchthat 的句型结构可分以下三种：1) such+aan +adj. +单数可数名词 +that-clauseHe is such a clever boy that everybody likes him. 他特别聪慧，大家都特别喜 欢他。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结He was such an honest man that he was praised by the teacher他.特别诚恳，因可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - -

19、 - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结而受到了老师的夸奖。2) such+adj. + 复数可数名词 +that-clauseThey are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again. 这些小说特别好玩，我想再读一遍。3) such+adj. + 不行数名词 +that,e,clauseHe has made such great progress tha

20、t the teachers are pleased with him.他进步得很快，老师们对他感到很中意。留意：假如 such 后边的名词前由manymuch、few 、little等词所修饰的话，就 不用 such 而用 so。例如：He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了许多跤，以致于全身上下青一块，紫一块的。He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.他所受训练很少，不适 合做这个工作。2. so-that 也作“如此以致”解，连接一个

21、表示结果的状语从句Oso-that 与such.-that 意思相同 , 但用法不同。现将so that 用法总结如下： so + adj. / adv. +that,clause so的后面跟形容词或副词 He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.他跑得特别快，没人能追上 他。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. so that 引导目的状语从句，表示以便为了可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Lucy wanted to help people so that she became a docto.r露西

22、想帮忙人们，可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结所以就成了医生。专项练习1.She bought a digital camera onlineshe would savea lot of ti me.A. so thatB.as soon asC. no matterD. sue h that2. fine day it is today.Yest the sunshine isbeautiful that I * d likego swimming inthesea.A.How, suchB. WhatveryC. How,soD. What a,so3. The camera

23、isexpensivecan taff ord it.A. so,thatB. such, thatC.so, as toD.enough, that4.Miss Gao askeda question, but itwasthat nobody could answerit.A.very difficultB. too difficuItC.difficult e可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -snothuagthhe succDe.esdoeddiaffticultlast.可编辑资料 - - - 欢

24、迎下载精品名师归纳总结5A. sToommaynysurprise,hecouBl.dsguecthmaonvyerD. suchfew用 so, such,such a或 suchan 填空Cd.iffsicouflet wproblem可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. He wasexcited thathe couldn1tget sleep.2. This teacher is 3There is much food in the refrigerator that we可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结don t need to buy anythi

25、ng.kind that we all like him.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4. He ran quickly that I couldn* t catch up wit h him.5.This is interesting a book that we all enjo y reading it.四、It is +that-/ It is +adj. +for sb. to do sth在 It is +that/ It is +adj. +for sb. to do sth这个句型中，it 代替 that 从句/to do sth.作形式上的主语，无词义，t

26、hat 从句/to do sth 才是真正的主语，而动词不定式前的for sh.引出的就是动词不定式的规律主语，即动词不定式所表达动作的发生者。It is important that we must protect the water on the earth.形式主语形容词真正主语我们必需爱护的球上的水，这很重要。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - -

27、 - - -It is necessary for us 3 do some exercise.形式主语形容词真正主语做些运动对我们来说是必要的。 专项训练1.is necessary that we should speak much English in class.A. This B. That C. It D. They2. It is_ for people to go to the moon by spaceship.A. impossible B. possibly C .possibly D. possibility3. It is clever you to choose to stay here, but not toleave.A. of B. for C.that D. with可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载